电大网考指南网考考前辅导(10、9)

1,全国高校网络教育,大学英语全国统一考试考前辅导,2,网络教育大学英语统考是现代远程教育试点高校网络教育部分公共基础课全国统一考试科目之一。我们这次辅导课为了能使大家熟悉考试的内容、题型，掌握各种题型的答题技巧，顺利通过大学英语统一考试。,3,Contents,考试简介各题型应对技巧,4,统 考 大 纲,试点高校网络教育部分公共基础课全国统一考试，旨在遵循网络教育应用型人才的培养目标，针对从业人员继续教育的特点，重在检验学生掌握基础知识的水平及应用能力，全面提高现代远程高等学历教育的教学质量。“大学英语”课程是现代远程教育试点高校网络教育实行全国统一考试的部分公共基础课之一。该课程的考试是一种基础水平检测性考试，考试合格者应达到与成人高等教育本科相应的大学英语课程要求的水平。,5,总体应考思路,逆向思维，掌握技巧拿到该拿的分儿不失不该失的分儿争取最高分儿,6,7,各题型考试应对技巧,1. 交际用语2. 阅读理解3. 词汇与语法结构4. 完形填空5. 英译汉6.写作,8,交际用语,考查重点日常场景三大注意事项,9,交际用语考查重点,主要考查考生对英美国家日常语言的习惯表达方法和西方文化背景的熟悉程度。要求考生从四个选项中选出一个正确的回答，使原来的对话意思完整，符合交际原则。该题共5个对话，5个小题，每题3分，共15分。因此，考生必须了解英美国家在各种日常场合的语言习惯表达方法和中西方文化背景的差异。,10,日常交际用语,下面就基本的日常场景列举一些典型的用语介绍：This is Mr / Mrs / Miss /Ms /Comrade. May I introduce you to.? Id like you to meet. How do you do? Nice /Glad / Pleased to see/meet you. Nice meeting youMy name is. Im a (student/teacher, etc.). Bill, this is Tom. Hi, Im Susan, this is my calling card.,11, 告别,1. 直接的告别话语有：Good bye! (Bye bye! Bye!) See you later! So long! Farewell! Good night.2. 委婉的告别辞有： Id like to say goodbye to everyone. Im afraid I must be leaving/off now. I think its time for us to leave now. 3. 其他带有祝愿以及叮嘱等的告别辞有：Ill look forward to seeing you soon.Lets hope well meet again. Drop in anytime you like.,12, 约会,Will/ Would/ Can/ Could you come to.? Would you like to Id like to invite you to. a. 接受他人邀请时通常还要表示一下感谢。常用: Yes, Id love to. Yes, its very kind/nice of you; Yes, with pleasure.b. 如果是稍有保留地接受，可这样说：I will if I can. Its very kind of you to invite me, but Im not sure if I can come. c. 拒绝他人的邀请一般不直接说No, 而要婉言谢绝（通常会说明理由），并要声明自己是愿意接受“邀请”的，但因某种原因不能接受，并表示歉意或感谢。常用：Id like to, but Im too busy. / Im sorry I cant, butI really enjoy it, but Ive got to go now. I wish I could accept your invitation, but Im afraid I dont have time to go. Thank you for your kindness, but Ive got an appointment at that time.,13,感谢和应答,a. Thank you (very much)./ Thanks (a lot)./ Many thanks. /Thanks for. Its very kind of you to.b. Not at all. / Thats all right. / Youre welcome. /Thats OK / Its a pleasure /(Its) My pleasure. Dont mention it. Im glad you like it. Its really nothing at all.,14, 提供（帮助等）和应答,1. Can / Could / Shall I help you? 2. Would you like me to? 3. Do you want me to? 4. Would you like some? 接受帮助:Thanks. That would be nice/fine. / Thats very kind your help. /Thank you for your help. Yes, please. / Here, take this/my 不接受帮助：No, thanks/thank you. No, thanks /thank you. I can manage it myself. Thank you all the same. Thats very kind of you, but,15, 提出建议和忠告,1. I advise you (not) to do / youd better (not) do / I suggest that you (should) do / Why not do / Why dont you do ; How/ What about doing/ Shall we?/ Lets2. Yes, I suppose so. / Yes, I certainly will. / Yes, but dont you think ? Thats great. Good idea. / Thats a good idea. / Why not?3. Thats impossible, but thank you all the same. 这不可能，但还是要谢谢你的。Its not our fault. Im afraid I cant do that. 这不是我的错，恐怕我作不了主。Im afraid I cant follow your advice. / Im afraid not.,16,表达感情,A . Expressing anxiety (焦虑)1. Whats wrong? / Whats the matter ( with you )? / Is there anything the matter? 2. Oh, what shall I / we do? 3. Oh, what shall I/we do? We were all anxious about. B . Expressing surprise (惊奇)1. Really? / / Is that so? (是真的吗?) Oh dear?/ My God! (哦, 我的天)2. Good heavens! My Goodness! / Goodness! / Thank Goodness! ( “庆幸”自己没遭遇不幸)3. I can hardly believe my ears. C. Expressing pleasure (喜悦)1. Im glad / pleased / happy to 2. Thats nice / wonderful / great.3. Hopefully tomorrow will turn fine.,17,肯定与不肯定,a. Im sure (of that). Im sure (that). It is certain that (不能说it is sure that)b. Im not sure (of that). Im not sure whether/if. I doubt if. There is no doubt about it. I have no doubt about it 对此事我敢肯定。 Yes, it surely / certainly is. Not a hope. 不可能。 No chance at all. 一点也不可能。 out of the question. 不可能No, certainly not. / No, it certainly isnt.,18, 同意与不同意,a. 表同意: Certainly/Sure/Of course. No problem. Yes, please. Yes, I think so. Thats true. All right/OK. Good! / Excellent! / Thats fine! What a good idea! Thats a good idea.Its a good idea that. I/We agree (with you). Thats the right thing to do! b.不同意: No, I dont think so. Im afraid not. Im afraid I (really) cant agree with you. Its not very nice. I dont think that is a good idea. Do you think that is a good idea? Personally, I feel that its unwise. What a terrible idea. What a terrible thing to do!c. No way! Exactly (说得对. 正是),19,打电话,1 打电话人自我介绍：用英语打电话时，开头打招呼的第一句话通常是Hello，然后便自报姓名，再告知想与谁通话。Hello! (its) Mike (here). / Hello! This is Mike (speaking). 2 打电话人要某人接电话-：需要证实对方的身份时，不能说Are you.?或Who are you?而应该说：May/ Can/ Could I speak to Kate, please? /Is that Kate? /Is Kate in/ at home? /Whos that?3 本人接电话： Hello, 8244011. /Good morning. This is Kate (speaking). /Yes, speaking.,20,a . 接电话时，第一句招呼语可以是Hello, 也可以视情况说Good morning!紧接着再报自己的电话号码或姓名,也可报单位名称。不打招呼，直接介绍自己，再问对方是谁也可以。b问对方是谁时可以这样说：Whos calling?/Who is that speaking? /Is that Mike speaking/calling?4 代接电话人叫某人接电话时：先对打电话的人说: Hold on please. / Just a minute please. 然后叫人接电话: You are wanted on the phone./Theres a call for you./For you.,21,时间和日期,1 . What day is ( it ) today? 2. Whats the date today? / What date is it？3. Excuse me, what time is it by your watch?4. Its Monday/Tuesday Its January 10th.,22,谈论天气,a. Whats the weather like today? Hows the weather in./ today? -Its rather warm/cold/hot.today, isnt it? -Yes, it is./ Yes, isnt it? (注意答语)b. Its fine/cloudy/windy/rainy. Its getting cold/warm. Its a beautiful day today.,23,看医生,医生用语：1. What can I do for you? / What was the matter? / Whats the trouble? 2. Does it hurt here? / Its nothing serious. / Let me examine you. / Take this medicine three times a day. / And I advise you not to do 3. Drink plenty of water and have a good rest. / Youd better have a good rest. 病人用语：1. Ive got a pain (cough, headache, toothache). / I dont feel well. / Theres something wrong with. / This place hurts. / I feel a great pain here. / I feel dizzy (头晕). / I dont feel like eating anything.,24,问 路,Excuse me, Can you tell me the way to? How can I get to?Where is?Where is the nearest?Which is the way to?Gostraight ahead till you see down this street till you get tothrough the gate and you will find the entrance toIts aboutyards/ metres down this street.,25,就 餐,a.主问客: What would you like (to have).? Would you like something (to eat/drink)? Would you like some more.? How about some more?b.主请客: Help yourself to some. Let me give you Make yourself at home.c.答语: Id like. Cake/Two eggs., please. Yes, please. Thank you. Ive had enough.Im full, thank you. Just a little, please. No, thanks.,26,购 物,1. What can I do for you? May/Can I help you? 2. I want/Id like3. How much is it? Thats too expensive, Im afraid. 4. What colour/size/kind do you want? 5. What colour do you prefer, black or blue? 6. Would you mind if I try this one on? 7. How much is it worth? /How much do you charge? 8. OK. Ill take it. (好. 我买),27,三大注意事项,1. 拒绝不要直接说“No”;2.没得到或不需要对方的帮助可以说:Thank you all/just the same. Thank you anyway.3.不需要别人帮助时，还是得先表示谢意。Please dont worry. I can manage it myself.Please dont bother .Thank you all the same. No, thanks.,28,阅读理解,大纲对阅读理解的要求了解出题规律：先易后难三个侧重五个要点三条建议,29,阅读理解的要点,1. 理解文章的主旨或要点2. 理解文章中的具体信息3. 根据上下文推断生词意思4. 做出简单判断推理和引申，理解作者的意图，观点或态度,30,了解出题规律,一篇文章的五道题一般情况下，2难，2一般，1容易。做题目标：在最短的时间内做对最多的题。,31,做题方法,先看题目后读文章再做题，有两大优势：1）有些题目涉及一般常识或科普知识，可以在未阅读文章之前自己先行判断，在阅读时只要对自己的判断进行验证就可以了；2）带着问题去阅读，就像做事情有了目标。阅读时，文章中的内容与考题有关系时仔细阅读，与题目无关时，可以置之不理，很快跳过去。既加快了阅读速度，也最大限度做到了有效阅读。,32,三个侧重,除了题目本身所要求查找的细节外，阅读时一定要注意不要逐字逐句地死抠，而要有所侧重。 1、 侧重首段、尾段，首句、尾句。,33,三个侧重,2、侧重语篇标志词。 语篇标志词即是语篇中句子和句子之间、段落和段落之间连接的词语，把握住这些词语就等于把握了句与句、段与段之间的关系，对于获取所需信息、准确答题至关重要。语篇标志词主要有(1)例子: 如， for instance, for example, (2) 列举； (3)比较；(4) 转折和对比；(5)原因；(6) 结果；(7) 方式手段；(8) 时间；(9)地点；(10) 目的；(11)分类；(12)补充；(13)强调；(14)条件；(15)结论。,34,三个侧重,3、侧重长句、难句。 原因在于：长句和难句表达的意思更为复杂，当然也容易出题目考试。,35,阅读理解五大解题要点,1.培养良好的阅读习惯，默读增加阅读速度。首先，阅读时不要一个词一个词地读，更不要小声地念。这样做会减慢阅读速度，而且还会影响考生理解某句话的意思。 2.注意通过上下文的提示猜词。考生切忌一遇到生词就着急，甚至停留太久以致影响整个文章的阅读。,36,阅读理解五大解题要点,一般地来讲，以下线索可以帮助考生猜测词义： 直接定义； 同位语往往也相当于一个定义； 定语从句也可以对其所修饰的词的意思起一个界定作用； 既可靠、也广泛适用的猜词方法是上下文中的并列表达； 举例；列举及标点符号 (特别是冒号，破折号，括号等)也可以帮助考生推测词义，考生自己的知识也可提供很多帮助。,37,阅读理解五大解题要点,3.精读问题及选择项，仔细品味问题的所指及选择项之间意思的差别，切勿望文生义，草率处之。 4.做完同一篇文章所附的问题后，应综合看一下你的选择，因为它们也许是紧密相关的。 5. 选择与所提问的内容针对性强的选择项作为正确答案。,38,阅读理解题的题型,1) 主旨题： 这类问题主要测试考生把握主题与中心思想的能力。主要形式有： a. What is the main idea? _. b. The passage mainly discusses_. c. What is the topic?d. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? f. The best title for this passage might be,39,阅读理解题的题型,作者的态度、写作目的与主题和中心思想关系密切，可以看作主旨题的延伸。主要形式有： 问写作目的： g. The author writes this passage mainly to _. h. The authors purpose in writing this passage is _. 问态度： i. The authors attitude towards is _. j. The tone of this passage can be described as _.,40,主旨题的应对策略,首先要仔细阅读文章的首段、末段及每段的首句,找出文章的主题句。如果文章的主题句不在首尾段, 每段也没有明确的中心句，那么先把其他试题做完, 再利用文章中的关键词或词组来概括和归纳中心大意。,41,阅读理解题的题型,2) 细节题：这类问题测试考生把握文章细节的能力，主要与文中的考点相联系，这类考题往往针对短文中的某一词语、句子、段落、数据或某事的具体情节而提问。主要形式有： 是非题：（三正一误或三误一正） a. Which of the following is True ? b. Which of the following is NOT True ? c. Which of the following is Not mentioned in Paragraph ? 例证题 a. The author gives an example in Paragraph . mainly to show that _. 其他具体细节题 a. From the passage , it can be seen that . b. The main reason for is _.,42,应对策略,一般通过题目的关键词可在文中找到相应的关键词，从而找到答案。,43,阅读理解题的题型,3) 推理题 这类题主要测试考生能否在理解字面意义的基础上，根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论，进而理解文章的隐含意义和深层意义。 主要形式有： a. It is implied in the passage that _. b. The passage implies (suggests) that _. c. It can be inferred from the passage that _. d. What probably happened _. e. Form the passage we can infer (draw the conclusion) that _.,44,应对策略,1）阅读四个选项，划出每个选项的关键词2）根据每个选项，到文中找相应的线索3）根据文章的主题进行判别,45,阅读理解题的题型,4) 词汇题 这类问题主要测试考生使用词语搭配和根据上下文判断词义的能力。主要形式有： a. The word “” in line (Paragragh ). most probably means _. b. In paragraph , the word “” refers to (stands for) _. c. The word “” in Paragraph can be best replaced by _.,46,阅读理解题的题型,4、猜字的几种技巧1）利用词根、词缀构词法2) 直接定义 作者在行文中有时不得不使用某些难词、偏词，为使读者理解，作者常常会在文章中直接解释该词语。作者或通过同位语，或使用定语从句加以阐明，或用冒号、破折号、括号给出，或用语篇标志词引出，这类语篇标志词有：that is (to say) ; e g；or，in other words；to put it in another way等。例如： She is bilingualIn other words，she speaks English and French equally well. （bilingual：会说两种语言的）。,47,阅读理解题的题型,3）近义复述 同一短文中前后两个句子、短语或单词通常有互释作用，可以从上下文的复述中获取与某一单词或短语相关的信息以猜测词义。例如： It is difficult to list all of my fathers attributes because he has so many different talents and abilities，（attribute：特质；才能）,48,阅读理解题的题型,4) 对比和并列表述 利用上下文中的对比或并列表达猜测词义是最常用、最可靠的方法。有不少句子会在上下文中给出某个生词（尤其是偏词、难词）的同义词或反义词，运用对比或并列表达对这些生词加以提示。通过了解词与词之间的连接关系，特别是一些语篇标志词，如：however；on the other hand；nevertheless等，我们不难推断这些生词的词义。如： If you agree，write yes；if you dissent，write no. (dissent：不同意),49,阅读理解题的题型,5) 根据常识 有些生词看似很难，但根据语境，根据读者的经历或常识，很容易猜出词义。如果所读的材料是考生熟悉的内容或在自己专业知识范围内，生词就更易化解了。 其实，猜词的方法并不限于以上这些，大家在阅读中要多动脑筋，善于总结，还能总结出一些更适合自己的技巧和方法来。,50,词汇与语法,词汇做题要点容易混淆的词汇语法重点,51,词汇与语法,顾名思义，“词汇和结构”，是考查语法结构和词语用法搭配。在本题中，每题3分。语法题约占一半，它主要考查关联词、介词和代词的应用。此题中也可能有考查动词、形容词和副词的形态变化的内容，以及词义选择方面的内容。,52,词汇,词汇复习时要特别注意1）用法和固定搭配，特别是各类词与介词的搭配。2）近义词、形近词的区别。3）动词与不同介词构成的动词短语的区别也是考试的重点。,53,做题要点,1. 考生不必花费太多时间用于此部分；2. 语法题要判断测试点，利用其语法特征和用法做题。 3. 根据提示词，标点符号及反义词等做词汇题,54,完形填空,此题是一篇短文，文中有十个空白，要求根据文章的上下文，从四个选项中选出最佳答案填入空白，使文章连贯完整。按考纲规定，完形填空题的考查重点是语法与惯用法。,55,完形填空,其中语法可考性比较高的包括主谓一致关系、动词时态、语态、名词的数、代词、形容词和副词的级、连词、介词等。从最近的几次考试看，完形填空题的语法重点还体现在连接各种从句的关联词上。完形填空的选择