计算机科学引论答案

Computing Essentials 2008练习答案Chapter 1: Information Technology, The Internet, and YouCrossword Puzzle Answers:AcrossNum.ClueAnswer1The most essential part of an information system.People 7Coordinates computer resources.Operating System 10Modifies signals for processing.Modem12Data that has been processed by the computer.Information13Unprocessed facts.Data14Notebook computer that accepts handwritten input.Tablet PCDownNum.ClueAnswer2Uses computers to become more productive.End User3Rules or guidelines to follow when using software, hardware, and data.Procedures 4Created by word processors.Document Files 5Specialized programs that allow input and output devices to communicate.Device Drivers6Created by database management programs.Database Files 8The physical equipment of a microcomputer.Hardware 9The worlds largest computer network.Internet13Provides step-by-step instructions to the computer.SoftwareMultiple Choice AnswersB B A B D D A C D DMatching AnswersE F I H A C G B D JChapter 2: The Internet, The Web, and Electronic CommerceCrossword Puzzle Answers:AcrossNum.ClueAnswer2Provide users a connection to the Internet.ISP3Unwelcome e-mail.Spam5Explore the Web.Surf7Internet uploading and downloading service.FTP8Steals credit card information.Carder9A file, such as a document or worksheet, that is attached to an e-mail message.Attachment10Involves the sale of a product to another business.B2B13Connection to Web resources.Link15Process of transferring information from a remote computer to the computer one is using.DownloadDownNum.ClueAnswer1The sites that a search engine returns after running a keyword search.Hits4Special program written in Java.Applet5Locates information online.Search Engine6Location of Web resource.URL11Program that provides access to WebBrowser12Used to block certain sites.Filter14Provides high-speed connection using existing telephone lines.DSLNumMultiple Choice AnswersD A C C A A A A D BMatching Answersi d g e f c h j a bChapter 3: Basic Application SoftwareCrossword Puzzle Answers:AcrossNum.ClueAnswer4Rectangular area that contains messages.Window5System to organize and retrieve data.DBMS8Collection of individual applications.Software Suite10Rearrange records using a field.Sort11Formed by intersection of row and column.Cell14Collection of related data.Database16Flyer, report, newsletter, Web page.Document17These make up a presentation.Slides18Question or request for data in a database.QueryDownNum.ClueAnswer1List of commands.Menu2Rectangular grid of rows and columns used in programs like Excel.Worksheet3Has records and fields.Table6Controls format and placement of slides.Master Slide7Requests user input.Dialog Box9Moves insertion point to next line.Word Wrap12Series of cells.Range13A vertical block of cells one cell wide.Column15Contain buttons and menus.ToolbarsNumMultiple Choice AnswersD D B D D A B B C DMatching Answersj a c h b d i e g fChapter 5: System SoftwareCrossword Puzzle Answers:AcrossNum.ClueAnswer5Program that makes copies of files in case of damage or loss.Backup6Boot that occurs when the computer is already on.Warm boot8Combination of several utility programs in one package.Utility Suite9Allows communication between devices and the operating system.Driver11Concentric rings on a disk.Tracks12Used to control and coordinate networked computers.NOSDownNum.ClueAnswer1Location to store related files.Folder2Computer that coordinates all communication between other computers.Network server3Uses graphical elements to communicate with the operating system.GUI4Broken-up file stored in different sectors.Fragmented5Starting or restarting a computer.Booting7Operating system with over 80 percent of the market.Windows10Graphic objects on the desktop used to represent programs and other files.IconsNumMultiple Choice AnswersC D C A A A C B B A CMatching Answersj d f b g h a e i cChapter 7: Input and OutputCrossword Puzzle Answers:AcrossNum.ClueAnswer6Used to grade multiple choice exams.OMR9Specialized digital camera that broadcasts images over the Internet.WebCam10Records images digitally on a disk.Digital camera13Most popular input device used for computer games.Joystick14Delivers much clearer picture than regular TV.HDTV16Resolution is expressed as a matrix of these dots.Pixel 17Keyboard that rolls up for storage and transport.FlexibleDownNum.ClueAnswer1The distance between each pixel.Dot pitch2Most commonly used way to input data.Keyboard3Button rotated to scroll through information displayed on the monitor.Wheel Button4Most widely used type of mouse.Mechanical 5Type of terminal that does no processing.Dumb7Number of times a screen is redrawn each second.Refresh rate8Measure of resolution.dpi11Keys that turn features on and off.Toggle12Translates processed information into hard copy.Printer 15Bar code system used in supermarkets.UPCNumMultiple Choice AnswersA B A B D A D C D BMatching Answersi e f j a b g d c hChapter 9: Communications and NetworksCrossword Puzzle Answers:AcrossNum.ClueAnswer5Interprets and routs incoming radio frequencies.Base station7Continuous electronic waves.Analog 9Configuration of a network.topology10Network interface card.NIC11Transfer speed or transfer rate.bps12Short range wireless communication standard.bluetooth14Measurement of the width of the communication channel.bandwidthDownNum.ClueAnswer1Node that requests and uses resources available from other nodes.client2Each device in the network handles its own communications.Bus network3Device that allows links between LANs.Network gateway4Process that converts digital to analog.modulation6Pieces of a message sent over the Internet.packets8Global positioning system.GPS13Any device that is connected to a network.node15Uses existing telephone lines to provide high-speed connections.DSL16Central node for other nodes.hubNumMultiple Choice AnswersC B A D C D B B D DMatching Answersg b a i h e c j d fChapter 11: Information SystemsCrossword Puzzle Answers:AcrossNum.ClueAnswer3Level of management concerned with strategic planning.Top 5Identifies, investigates, and develops new products and services.Research9Report produced upon request.Demand10Someone who makes decisions in a DSS.User11Model that helps middle-level managers in long-range planning.Tactical12Information worker involved in the creation of information.Knowledge worker14Concerned with calculating employee paychecks.Payroll16Specialized information system that knowledge workers use.KWS17Keeps track of summaries of all foregoing transactions.General ledgerDownNum.ClueAnswer1 The buying of materials and services.Purchasing2Plans, prices, promotes, sells, and distributes goods and services.Marketing4Form that shows supply and order information.Purchase order6Report that calls attention to unusual events.Exception7Help top-level managers oversee operations and develop plans.ESS8Information worker that distributes information.Data worker13Use data from TPS to support middle managers.MIS15Level of management concerned with decision making.Middle NumMultiple Choice AnswersB B A D D A C C CC BMatching Answersh j f d g b a c i eChapter 13: Systems Analysis and DesignCrossword Puzzle Answers:AcrossNum.ClueAnswer3Systems implementationConversion8Collection of activities and elements organized to accomplish a goal.System9Build a model that can be modified before the system is installed.Prototyping10Automated design tool.CASE12Approach where new system is tried in only one part of an organization.Pilot14Shows levels of management and formal lines of authority.Organization chart15List of questions.Checklist DownNum.ClueAnswer11st step in the design phase.Feasibility2Study an organizations systems.Systems analysis4Systems performance is compared to the original specifications.System audit5Approach where new system is implemented slowly over time.Phased6Conversion done by abandoning old system and starting the new.Direct approach7Diagram that shows the information flow within an organization.Data flow11Shows the relationship between input and output documents.Grid chart12Old and new systems are operated side by side.Parallel13The most commonly overlooked activity in the implementation phase.Training NumMultiple Choice AnswersA D A C D D A D A CMatching Answersg h f d c a b i j eChapter 15: Your Future and Information TechnologyCrossword Puzzle Answers:AcrossNum.ClueAnswer4Inputs customer information and