英语字组表.doc

英语字组表 元音字母:a e i/y o u 元音字组:ar er ir or ur are ere ire ore ureai/ay air al au/aw ea ear ee eer ei/ey eu/ew ie oa oar/oor oi/oy oo ou/ow our ui辅音字母:b c d f g h j- k l m n p q r- s t v w- x y- z辅音字组:ch -ck -dge dr- -ds gh gu- -gue kn- -mn -ng ph qu- -que sh -tch th tr- -ts wh- wr-字组分两类：元字组和辅字组。元字组指的是：元音字母和元音字组。元音字母指的是五个元音字母 a e i o u。元音字母数量虽少，但出现的频率高。（w y 也可以作为元音字母来使用）元音字组指的是由两个或三个元音字母在一起发一个元音。常用元音字组：ar er ir or ur are ere ire ore ure ai/ay air al au/aw ea ear ee eer ei/ey eu/ew ie oa oar/oor oi/oy oo ou/ow our ui，辅音字母 r l 也可以和元音字母一起组成元音字组，w y 是半元音字母，经常用来代替元音字母 u 和 i 。元音字组数量较多，为了方便记忆，将元音字组分为三类：-r音节元音字组(ar er ir or ur)、-re音节元音字组are ere ire ore ure)、普通元音字组(ai/ay air al au/aw ea ear ee eer ei/ey eu/ew ie oa oar/oor oi/oy oo ou/ow our ui)。辅字组指的是辅音字母和辅音字组。辅音字母：b c d f g h j- k l m n p q r- s t v w- x y- z辅音字组：ch -ck -dge dr- -ds gh gu- -gue kn- -mn -ng ph qu- -que sh -tch th tr- -ts wh- wr-一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音元音字母读 音例 词编 号a在开音节中ename plane Jane baby cake1-01 在闭音节中bag dad hat map black back1-02e在开音节中i:he these me Chinese1-03在闭音节中ebed let pen desk yes egg 1-04i/y在开音节中abike fly drive time nice kite1-05在闭音节中fish big drink sit milk swim1-06o在开音节中uthose close go hoe home no1-07在闭音节中clock not box shop sock1-08u在开音节中ju:student excuse duty Tuesday1-09在闭音节中bus cup jump much lunch1-10在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读u:音，例如：June blue ruler super1-11二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音元音字母读 音例 词编 号aChina another woman breakfast2-01orange comrade village cabbage2-02ehundred student open moment2-03chicken pocket begin children2-04i/y/holiday beautiful family animal2-05aexercise satellite2-06osecond tonight somebody welcome2-07ualso zero photo2-08uautumn difficult2-09ju(:)popular congratulation January2-10动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读e音，例如：operate2-11u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读u(:)音，例如：July influence February issue2-12在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作音，也可以读作音。三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音元音字母读 音例 词编 号a在w音后面want what watch wash quality3-01a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前:after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father3-02i在gh -gn -ld -nd前ahigh light sign child find3-03o在-st -ld前umost postcard old cold3-04o在m n v th前come monkey love mother3-05四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读 音例 词编 号arar在w音后面:car farm dark sharpener4-01:warm quarter towards4-02oror在w音后面:forty morning short4-03:word worker worse4-04er ir ur:certainly bird Thursday4-05辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry berry mirror sorry hurry 4-06-r音节元音字组在非重读音节中通常读音，例如：dollar teacher martyr comfort Saturday4-07五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读 音例 词编 号areecare dare hare5-01erehere mere5-02ireafire hire wire 5-03ore:more score before5-04urejupure cure5-05重读音节中元音字母加r，再加非重读元字组时，元音字母和r构成-re音节的变体，按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母r读r音。例如：parent zero inspiring story during5-06某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orange very American paragraph forest spirit5-07完整的-re音节are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读音，例如：picture pleasure非重读音节中-re音节的变体通常发r音，例如：salary5-08六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读 音例 词编 号ai/ayeafraid rain wait day play6-01aireair hair chair pair repair6-02alal 在 f m 前:small ball talk wall all6-03:l always also salt almost6-04:half calm6-05au/aw:autumn daughter draw6-06eai:teach easy cheap please6-07 eheavy bread sweater weather6-08ebreak great6-09 earhear dear near clear year6-10ebear pear wear swear6-11:earth learn early6-12eei:jeep week green three6-13eerpioneer deer beer6-14ei/eyeeight neighbour they6-15 eu/ew在 j l r 后ju:new few newspaper6-16u:flew brew jewelry6-17ie/s音后拼写为eii:piece field receive seize6-18oaucoat Joan boat goal6-19 oar/oor:roar board door floor6-20oi/oynoise point boy toilet6-21oou:broom food tooth school6-22ubook look cook foot good6-23ou/owauflower house count down6-24uknow row throw though6-25young country enough6-26u:group you soup through6-27our:course your four6-28auour hour ours6-29:journey6-30uiui 在j l r s后ju:annuity continuity 6-31u:juice sluice fruit suit6-32Gentiles七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音元音字组或字群读 音例 词编 号ai/ay ei/eySunday foreign monkey7-01owuyellow sparrow tomorrow7-02元音字组在非重读音节中读音或音。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee7-03-sion -tionnimpression nation7-04-sion在元音字母后nvision decision occasion7-05-tion在s后nquestion suggestion7-06-stensnlisten christen7-07-stleslwhistle jostle castle7-08-surepressure7-09-sure在元音字母后pleasure measure7-10-turepicture culture7-11八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如：everydaye handbagblackboard:8-01有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在时的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如：sun 太阳 + daye 日子 Sundayi 星期天holy 神圣 + daye 日子 holidayi 假日break 中断 + fast: 斋戒 breakfast 早餐cup 茶杯 + board: 木板 cupboard 碗柜 main 主要部分 + land 陆地 mainland 大陆九、辅字组的读音辅字组读 音例 词编 号bbbike bus bag9-01 /bomb tomb lamb climb9-02cc在e前或在i/y前kcake picture coat music9-03sface decide cinema9-04chmuch chick rich teacher9-05kschool headache chemistry9-06machine Chicago9-07-ckkcock pocket black knock9-08dddoctor bread hand day 9-09-dgedbridge fridge9-10dr-drchildren driver drink9-11fffive four breakfast9-12gg在e i/y前 bag garden go 9-13dorange large German 9-14ghfcough enough rough9-15/light daughter high9-16gu- -gueguess league dialogue guitar9-17wlanguage anguish penguin9-18hhhot head house hand9-19/hour honest honor9-20j-djeep jar joke join July9-21kkkind bike skate make week9-22kn-nknife know knock9-23lllife milk school tall9-24mmmonkey come tomato9-25-mnmautumn column solemn9-26nn在k 音前nnot shine ten note 9-27uncle thank hungry9-28-ngmorning young wrong9-29pppaper plane pig ship pen9-30phfelephant photo telephone9-31q/-quekIraq cheque 9-32qu-kwquality quite quarter 9-33r-rred rubber ruler9-34s在音节开头或清辅音前在元音字母间或浊辅音前ssit sleep desk9-35zmusic husband9-36sc-skscarlet scout Scotland9-37sscene science scythe 9-38shshe fish shirt wash9-39t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前tten letter meet9-40patient nation9-41-tchwatch catch match9-42th在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾-the -ther中thin thirty method9-43the these with than9-44clothe father weather9-45tr-trtree train country truck9-46vvvery voice love leave9-47wwweek win wake sweet wait9-48/answer two9-49wh-wh-在字母o前wwhat when white why9-50hwho whose whole9-51x在重读元音前 ksbox text exercise9-52zexample exist exact9-53wr-rwrite wrong wrist 9-54y-jyes yard yellow young9-55zzpuzzle zero zoo9-56-dsdz-tstsps-s 十、英语语音名词解释1音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（m n l例外）。从单词拼写形式上看，有几个元字组就有几个音节。0-012音节的划分 在重读音节和非重读音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter在重读和非重读音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时，如果前面重读音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节，如果重读音节里的元音是短音，则辅字组属于重读音节。例如：长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-th