2020届中考英语二轮专项复习阅读理解（说明文）专练.docx

2020届中考阅读理解说明文专练（一）Hong KongZhuhaiMacao Bridge（ HZMB）opened on October 24， 2018 Its the longest crosssea bridge in the world The bridge is 55 kilometers long It connects Hong Kong and Macao to the Chinese mainland city of Zhuhai Construction（建筑工程） on the HZMB began in 2009 It is considered as one of the seven wonders（奇迹）of the modern world The HZMB is the only one in many ways It can withstand wind speeds of up to 185km/h and earthquakes with magnitude（震级） of up to8 Its designed to have a service life（寿命）of 120 years， 20 years longer than most bridges And It s not just a bridge， but also part tunnel（隧道） and part island In one section（部分），the bridge tums into a 6.7km undersea tunnel And the tunnel passes through two manmade islands The tunnel is the worlds longest undersea tunnel for road traffic， allowing large ships to continue passing through the sea area above the tunnel The HZMB makes it more convenient to travel between the three areas It can shorten （缩短） the traveling time from Hong Kong to Zhuhai People used to spend four hours， but now it takes about 45 minutes By making local cities and areas closer together， the HZMB helps the areas developmentIt can develop the economy （经济）of Hong Kong， Macao and nine Guangdong cities（1）When did the HZMB open？ A On October 24 ，2009B On November 24， 2009C On October 24，2018D On December 24 ，2018（2）what does the underlined wordwithstand mean in Chinese？ A坚守B躲避C减轻D承受（3）The bridge can help the three areas in many ways EXCEPT A developing the economy of the three areasB making the three areas have fewer earthquakesC making local cities and the three areas closer togetherD shortening the traveling time from Hong Kong to Zhuhai（4）How long does it take to travel from Hong Kong to Zhuhai according to the passage？ A About 45 minutesB About 55 minutesC About 2 hoursD About 4 hours（5）Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage？ A The bridge is 55 kilometers longB Construction on the HZMB began in 2009C The service life of the HzMB is 20 years shorter than most bridgeD In one section， the undersea tunnel passes through two man made islands（1）A （2）D（3）B （4）A（5）C （二）When it comes to helping developing countries，we often think about offering money in order that they can build schools and hospitals，buy food and medicine，or find clean water supplies. These seem to be the most important basic needs in their lives. However，its far from enough. We have to come up with better ideas.A man called Nicholas Negroponte invented a cheap laptop computer，which he decided toinvent after he visited a school in Cambodia. The laptop which Mr. Negroponte has designed is not the same as the normal one that you can buy in the shops. One difference is that it will becovered in rubber so that it is strong and wont be damaged easily .As an electricity supply can bea problem in developing countries，the computer also has a special handle in order that childrencan wind the computer up to give it extra power when needed.This special laptop computer will cost less than 100 US dollars and Mr.Negroponte wants toproduce as many as 15 million laptop computers in the first year .The idea is that these computerswill help the childrens education as they will be able to access the Internet .These computersmight not benefit the people in developing countries immediately，but by improving childrenseducation they should help people to find their own solutions to their problems in the long term.Another idea to help children in developing countries is to recycle old mobile phones so thathey can be used again. In the UK. and probably in many other countries too，millions of mobilephones are thrown away every year. The waste crested by throwing away thee old phones is verybed for the environment， so it seems to be an excellent idea to achieve two important goals at the same time，We will reduce the waste we produce and help others .In other words ,we will be able to kill two birds with one ”and that is always a good thing.根据短文内容，选择最佳选项。1.The underlined phrase wind up in paragraph 2 means。A.吹风 B.给上发条 C.摇上 D.利用空气使2.The laptop computer that Mr.Negroponte has designedA. will be damaged much easier than the normal oneB. has a special handle to access the InternetC. is cheap and can run with extra powerD. can be helpful to find the peoples own solutions3.According to the passage，what benefit can we get from recycling old mobile phones?A. We can reduce the waste to protect the environment.B. We can help children in developing countries reuse the old mobile phones.C. it is good for the environment and very educative for phone users.D. It not only reduces the waste produced by developed countries but also helps the childrenin developing countries.4.Mr. Negropontes cheap computer is mentioned in the passage to.A .illustrate the kindness of people in the developed countriesB. tell us what high technology can help peopleC. show how to find business opportunities in developing countriesD. give an example of how to help developing countries5.Which is the best idea the author gives us to help the developing countries?A. We need to help people in developing countries to help themselves，not just throw money at the problem.B. We should spend much money helping people in developing countries build more schoolsand hospitals.C. We should think about giving help to developing countries more often.D. We should help the people in developing countries by improving childrens educationimmediately.1-5.BCDDA（三）Dubai(迪拜) is a good place to travel to. There, you can find many tall building, taste lots of delicious food and experience some interesting things. Have you ever been to this city? If you go to Dubai during the summer holiday, you may see special kind of “taxi”. It is a drone(无人机). It flies in the sky by itself! It is said that Dubai plans to use Chinese-made drones as a self-flying air taxi in July. The drone taxi is named EHang 184. A Chinese company() made it. The city of Dubai will start using it in July. It will be the worlds first passenger drone, according to Yahoo News. The drone taxi can fly up to 3,500 meters high. It can fly at a top speed of 160 kilometers an hour. It can only take one person. How do you call an Ehang 184? You use its app(应用程序) on your phone.When the drone comes, you choose the place you want to go to on a touch screen. There is no pilot in the drone. But some people on the ground will be watching it. They will make sure your trip is safe. You dont have to worry about it. EHang 184s battery(电池)can only keep about 30 minutes.So it cannot take you further than 50 kilometers.Would you like to take a trip in this flyin drone? Dont wait. Lets go!49. EHang 184 was made by a(n) _company. A. Dubais B. American C.Japanese D.Chinese50. Which statement(陈述) about EHang 184 is correct? A.There is a pilot in it. B. Its battery can keep around half an hour.C. It can fly up to 4,500 kilometers. D. The trip in it isnt safe.51.Where may we find this article?A. On the Internet. B. In a guide book. C. In a story book. D. In a novel.52. Whats the best title of the passage? A. The Exciting Vacation B. The Special TripC. The Drone Taxi D. The Computer Company DBAC（四）On April 26, 2017, a big Chinese ship caught the eyes of the whole world. Chinas first homemade aircraft carrier(航空母舰）hit the water in Dalian, Liaoning. The new big ship is Chinas second aircraft carrier. It was designed in China and built in China, too. It is about 315 meters long and 75 meters wide. That is a bit larger than three soccer fields. An aircraft carrier is like an airport on the sea. It can carry planes and troops to war. Planes fly from the carrier and land back on it, and soldiers work and live on it, too. But building an An aircraft carrier is like an airport on the sea. It can carry planes and troops to war. Planes fly from the carrier and land back on it, and soldiers work and live on it, too. But building an aircraft carrier is so hard and expensive. It costs a lot of money and needs a large amount of steel and other special materials. For example, a basic aircraft carrier is made of 60,000 tons of steel. It also uses complex（复杂的）technologies, including radar, electrics, mechanics and weapons. Finally, it takes years to build one. Today, not many countries own an aircraft carrier or have the ability to build one. China has become the seventh country in the world that can build an aircraft carrier by itself, after the USA, Russia, England, France, Italy and Spain.1. In which year did Chinas first homemade aircraft carrier hit the water? A. In 2017. B. In 2016. C. In 2018. D. In 2019.2. Whats the best title of this passage? A. An Airport on the Sea B. China Has Bought the Second Aircraft Carrier C. Chinas Homemade Aircraft Carrier D. The Sixth Country to Build an Aircraft Carver3. What is not needed to build the aircraft carrier?A. special materials B. technologies C. steel D. wood4. How many aircraft carriers does China have according to the passage? A. one B. two C. three D. four5. How does the writer feel about the homemade aircraft carrier in China? A. proud B. worried C. upset D. hopelessACDBA（五）What will the world of the future be like? There are plenty of people who are happy to give their opinion of what we will be doing in 2050. Here are two predictions about the world of tomorrow.When we dream about the future, many like to think of owning a personal flying car. The advantages are obvious. This technology would allow total freedom of movement. We could fly at 480 km per hour, avoiding traffic lights and busy roads.However, some people believe there will be problems with traffic control. If the cars become popular, there is likely to beair traffic jam. Another big problem is mechanical failure. What will happen if the cars stop working? These are problems we must expect if flying cars become a reality.Three-dimensional printing is another new technology with excitingpossibilities. 3D printers are used to build an object with liquid plasticThey build the object layer by layer until it is complete. Car companiesalready use 3D printers to make life-size models of car parts, and medicalcompanies use the technology to make man-made body parts. As we move into the future, 3D printing will revolutionize the way we shop, the way we manufacture and the way we treat sick people. The disadvantage is that such equipment will be extremely expensive.So in the future, we might be able to fly to work or print out new shoes.Although there are some problems to solve before this will be possible, we can certainly dream of a world where technology makes life easier and safer for millions of people.1.What is the passage mainly about?A.Environmental protection. B.The world of tomorrow.C.Advantages of technology.2.What do we learn from the passage?A.Some people think technology development may bring new problemsB.3D printing can bring great changes to our life and its equipment is cheap.C.The flying cars wont bring air traffic jam even when they become popular.3.What is the correct structure of the passage?(P1=Paragraph1)4.What does the underlined wordthey refer to?A.Car companies.B.3D print.C. Body parts.5.We can infer that the writerabout the future life with technology.A.doesnt care B.feels hopeful C.feels disappointed1-5BAABB（六）（10分）Do you know when and where ice cream was created？ It has a long and interesting history The earliest ice cream was eaten in China many centuries ago People at that time would put orange juice on the ice or get something cool to drink Later， this idea traveled to Italy Around 1660， it was popular to serve ice cream in coffee shops in Paris Most of the shops were owned by Italians Among them， the first successful one belonged to（ 属于）a man named Francesco Procopius Ice cream was brought to America in the early 1700s， and it quickly became the favorite of Americans President George Washington had ice cream pots（罐）and machines in his kitchenDolly Madison， the wife of President Madison， was the first one to serve it in the White HouseShe made her guests very happy when she served such desserts（甜品） Before ice cream was sold in stores it was made and kept at a very low temperature first It took a lot of work to mix cream， eggs， fruit and ice Nancy Johnson， an American woman who was good at machines， invented the ice cream freezer in 1846 Five years later Jacob Flu sell opened the first ice cream factory in Baltimore， Maryland Her business quickly came to other states Today in the United States， ice cream is not only a kind of food， but also a way of life（1）The earliest ice cream was the ice with on or something cool to drinkAorange juiceBapple juiceCwatermelon juice（2）The owner of the first successful coffee shop in Paris was a（n） A FrenchmanB AmericanC Italian（3）The underlined word freezer means in ChineseA品种B冰柜C配方（4）Which of the following is TRUE？ A In 1700 ice cream came to the White HouseB In 1846， many ice cream factories openedCToday ice cream means a lot to Americans（5）The best title for this passage is A the History of Ice CreamBIce Cream in AmericaCBusiness on Ice Cream（1）A（2）C （3）B（4）C （5）A(七)What are you holding in your hand while you are taking the examination? Right. A pen.Though it is small, the pen has changed the history, improved the trade of countries, recorded events, carried news, and done far more work for human beings than all other tools.Progress without it would have been almost impossible. The invention of the wheels, the introduction of steam engine(蒸汽机), the use of electricity, all these have changed the lives of millions of people, but the pen has done more. It has taken away mountains, and it has prepared the way for all progress and development of the society.In the past the pen did all the work if you wanted to keep any writing for some time. The lawyers took up their pens and wrote the law of the country from the days when papyrus(纸莎草纸) was first used. The most famous letters in the world were written with a pen. It was with a pen that the greatest thinkers of all time wrote down their thoughts.The pen is veryutilitarian. We cannot sign a bill or write a letter or buy a house without our pen. An agreement is worthless till our name is written with a pen. The writers encourage the world with it. The students take their examinations with it as well.Our coming into the world is recorded with a pen. Before we have been at school, our name is written on the name list with a pen. We cannot be married till we have signed. A pen records the important events in our life.Let us remember that we hold in our hand the most powerful instrument which man owns. The pen is a magic tool. Whenever you use it, enjoy it.1. What is the writer trying to do in this passage?A. Describe what a pen looks like. B. Introduce the history of the pen.C. Advise people to prepare a new pen. D. Show the importance of the pen.2. The word “mountains” in the third paragraph refers to(指代) “something to _ ”.A. explain the use of electricity B. lower the students scoresC. stop the social development D. change the law of the country3. The lawyers started to write the law of the country _.A. before their thoughts were changed B. when papyrus was first usedC. as soon as they recorded their names D. after they took an important exam4. The underlined word “utilitarian” in the passage means “_” .A. cheap B. boring C. special D. useful5. What is the best title for this passage?A. A Powerful Tool B. An Important Law C. A Valuable Record D. An Exciting Event1-5DCBDA(八)CThousands of years ago, Britain was covered by thick forests, home to many animals which no longer live in the United Kingdom. There were wolves and bears, many different kinds of deer and large wild cows. There were less than four million people. They lived in small villages protected by wooden walls from the animals outside.All this has changed, of course. Now the population of the United Kingdom has increased to sixty-five million. Three-quarters of Britain is covered with fields, towns or cities. Although 25 percent of land is countryside, new methods of farming mean that there are fewer birds and small animals living in fields than ever before. The United Kingdom is one of the few countries in the world that does not have a large wild animal that eats meat. In Scotland there are only 400 wildcats, but these are much smaller than wolves.Some people would like to change things, however! Some organizations and writers say that Britain needs to become more natural again. They suggest that trees and plants that grew in the UK before towns and cities were built should be allowed to grow again. They even say that large wild animals which have not lived in the UK should be helped to return and live wild. They call this “rewilding”.Not