Ancient Chinese Philosophy In Chronological Order-By Rosepoppy.doc

A. Ancient Chinese Philosophy In Chronological OrderTime 流派 schools代表性人物、作品和背景简介Representative figure,work and background 672 BCE周易/易经中国最古老的文献之一，并被儒家尊为“五经”之首。八卦即出自此书。明末由传教士传自西方，十七世纪末，德国哲学家及数学家莱布尼茨因汉学大师布维（Joachim Bouvet，汉名白晋，1662年1732年）的介绍、更将易经以二进制解释。The I Ching (Wade-Giles) or Y Jng (pinyin), also known as the Classic of Changes, Book of Changes and Zhou Yi, one of the oldest of the Chinese classic texts. BguThe eight trigrams were written down.Passed to the West by missionaries in late Ming Dynasty. In the late 17th century, German philosopher and mathematician Leibniz explained the Book of Changes in binary with the help of Sinologist Joachim Bouvet (1662-1732).(21 century BC-221 BC)先秦诸子Hundred Schools of Thought during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States era道家（老子、庄子）、儒家（孔子、孟子、荀子）、法家（韩非子）、墨家（墨子）、杂家、纵横家、阴阳家、小说家( not the novelists)、名家、农家等 Taoism ( Lao Tzu , Chuang Tzu ) , Confucianism( Confucius , Mencius , Xun Zi ), Legalism ( Han Feizi ), Mohism( Mozi )Chinese Naturalism, Logicians, Agriculturalism etc.more in form B at the end（202 BC - 220)两汉经学study of Confucian classicsduring Han Dynast五经诗、书、礼、易、春秋秦始皇采纳李斯的建议的焚书坑儒汉武帝实施了董仲舒所倡之“罢黜百家、独尊儒术此后儒家成为主流Five Classics -Classic of Poetry, History, Rites , Changes , Spring and Autumn AnnalsQin Shi Huang adopted the recommendation of his prime minister Li Si burning and killing Confucian scholars and works by focusing on Legalism. Emperor Wu Di of the Han dynasty implemented Zhongshus advocate of deposing any other schools of thought but Confucianism only. Since then Confucian become the mainstream thought.)(220 - 589)魏晋玄学Xuanxue philosophical school during the Six Dynasties魏晋时期的主要哲学思潮，对老子、庄子和周易的研究和解说，是道家和儒家融合而出现的一种哲学、文化思潮。主要代表人物有何晏、王弼、阮籍、嵇康、向秀、郭象等。魏晋南北朝时期：佛、道盛行，儒学面临挑战；Mainstream philosophical thought in Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties（the Six Dynasties means six dynasties located in northern China at that time with most prosperous culture ). With Jointed research on Tao Te Ching (Do D Jng; ascribed to Laozi), the Zhuangzi (partly ascribed to Zhuangzi) and the I Ching.The integration of Taoist and Confucian.Philosopher: H Yn、Wng B、 Run J、 J Kng、 Xing Xi、 Gu XingAt this time Confucianism was challenged by the prevalence of Buddhism and Taoism.(581 - 907)隋唐佛学Zen Buddhism during Sui and Tang Dynasties.隋朝：儒学家提出“三教合归儒”，又称“三教合一”； 开创科举制，儒家作品被列入考试范围内唐朝：统治者奉行三教并行政策，儒学的地位受到挑战。Sui: Confucianists promoted three religions co-owned by Confucianism , also known as the three religions in one. (Three religions are Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism) National civil service examination system was initiated.Tests included Confucian works.Tang: Governors pursued the rulers of the three religions parallel policy , Confucianism s status had being challenged .(960 - 1644)宋明理学Neo-Confucianism during Song and Ming Dynasties 中国宋朝以后由程颢、程颐、朱熹等人发展出来的汲取佛、道思想的儒家流派,客观唯心主义Objective idealism philosophy of Confucianism absorbing Buddhism and Taoism after Song Dynasty(1636 - 1912)清代朴学Modesty or Textology philosophy in Qing Dynasty又称考据学，对之前的理学作品考证。风格求是切理，朴实无华代表人物：顾炎武、黄宗羲、纪晓岚Textual research on Neo-Confucianism works in a plain and modest style.B. Schools , Famous Schalors and Works of Hundred Schools of Thought学派人物著作儒家孔子、孟子、荀子、董仲舒、周敦颐、朱熹、王夫之、陆象山、王阳明四书、五经、十三经法家管仲、子产、韩非、商鞅、慎到、李斯、申不害、吴起、李悝商君书、韩非子墨家墨子、禽滑厘、孟胜、田襄子墨子道家老子、庄子、列御寇老子