染整专业.doc

VOCABULARYChapter 1wet processing 湿加工coloration 染色，着色fabric 织物touch 手感appearance 外观loom 织机bleaching 漂白grey fabrics 坯布carbonization 碳化woven 机织物knitwear 针织物nonwoven 无纺织物（非织造织物）yarn 纱（线）mechanical finishing 机械整理dimensional stability 尺寸稳定性flame retardancy 阻燃thermal processes 热处理heat setting 热定型calendaring 轧光emerising 仿麂皮整理compressive shrinkage 机械预缩整理raising 起绒（毛）brushing 刷绒（毛）shearing 剪毛cropping 剪毛milling 缩呢pressing 压呢setting 定型crabbing 煮呢decatering 蒸呢milling agent 缩绒剂fulling 缩呢fixation agent 固色剂one-sided 单面的coating 涂层formulation 处方construction 结构durability 耐久性compatibility 相容性precipitations 沉淀anionic 阴离子cationic 阳离子emulsion stability 乳液稳定性silicone elastomer 有机硅弹性体water repellency 拒水性softener 柔软剂antistatic 抗静电hydrophobic finishes 疏水整理hydrophilic 亲水性stiffening 硬挺elastomeric 弹性flame retardant 阻燃剂flammable 易燃的antagonistic effect 对抗效应synergistic effect 协同效应finishing bath 整理浴develop 开发recipes 处方profile 轮廓，概要charming task 迷人的esteem 尊重high tech 高技术auxiliaries 助剂fluorochemical 含氟化学品，含氟化学物non-ionic 非离子paraffin 石蜡laminating 层压 easy-care 免烫permanent press 耐久压烫hand builders 手感增效整理剂non-slip agents 防滑整理剂soil-release 易去污anti-soiling 防污brighteners 增白剂sewing thread 缝纫线anti-felting 防毡缩back-coating 背面涂层hydrophilation 亲水性delustering 消光brightening 增白foaming 起泡guide 指南trade names 商品名Chapter 2composition 组成，成分elemental analysis 元素分析textile article 纺织品laundering 洗涤dry cleaning 干洗technical textile 技术纺织品emulsion 乳状液toxicity 毒性flammability 可燃性affinities 亲和力immersing 浸渍curing 焙烘paddrycure 轧-烘-焙on weight of fabric 对织物重goods 成品，织物solids concentration 固含量weight 称重wet pickup 吸液率，带液率add-on 化学品对织物重density 密度pad mangle 轧车nip 轧点twist 捻度open end yarns 气流纺纱squeeze rolls 压（液）辊hardness 硬度surface tension 表面张力wet-on-wet 湿罩湿pad bath 浸轧液feed flow rate 补液速率mass flow 质量流量migration 泳移durable press finish 耐久压烫staining 表面着色non-cellulosic fibres 非纤维素纤维absorbency 吸水性speckled 有小斑点的applicators 给液设备vacuum 真空transfer roll 移液辊spray 喷雾vacuum extraction device真空吸水设备air-jet ejectors 喷气式喷射器transfer padding 转移浸辊kiss-roll 单面给液辊loop transfer system 环圈移液系统engraved roll 刻纹辊nip padding system 单面轧液系统pile fabrics 起绒织物crushing 拷花，压花doctor blade （印花）刮刀aerosols 气溶胶，气悬体inhalation 吸入surfactants 表面活性剂foam generator 泡沫发生器blow ratio 发泡率half-life 半衰期slot缝，狭槽porosity开孔，多孔性kiss coating system单面给胶涂层法knife-over-roller system棍上刮刀装置knife-on-air system 浮动刮刀装置screen printing圆网印花slot applicator狭缝式给液装置ultra violet absorber紫外线吸收剂centrifugation离心capillary毛细管，毛细管作用的thermal 热cylinder滚筒convection method对流烘燥法tenter frame拉幅机heat exchanger热交换器high velocity blower高速鼓风机infrared and radio frequency dryer红外和射频烘燥机predryer预烘机productivity生产量set temperature设定温度shock-condensation快速浓缩shock-curing process快速焙烘工艺wet-bulb temperature湿球温度stiffener硬挺剂rotary screen圆网adhesive粘合剂staple fibre短纤filament yarn 长丝纱synthetic rubber合成橡胶polyvinyl chloride聚氯乙烯polyvinyl alcohol聚乙稀醇acrylic（聚）丙烯酸phenolic resins酚醛树脂plasticizer增塑剂pigment颜料，涂料filler填充剂thermal insulation绝热blade刮刀dimensional stability尺寸稳定性foil 箔,薄片release paper离型纸pregelation预凝胶embossed拷花，压花composite复合物scatter coating散布法涂层thermoplastic polymersrotary screen printinghot-melt coating 热熔涂层paste-dot coating浆点涂层fusible interlining 热融衬prepreg 预浸渍体composite material复合材料Chapter 3supple柔软的pliant柔韧的易弯的sleek 光滑的fluffy 蓬松的smoothness柔滑，平滑，滑爽性flexibility柔韧性drape悬垂性pliability柔软，可挠性elasticity弹性compressibility压缩性feeling手感fullness丰满性sewability可缝纫性crockfastness耐摩擦牢度yellowing泛黄hue色相internal plasticisation内增塑fibre forming polymer成纤高聚物glass transition temperature玻璃化转变温度ionic nature离子性zeta potential zeta电位lubricity平滑性orient定向，取向apparel服装furnishing textiles装饰纺织品hand手感industrial textile 工业用纺织品surfactants (surface active agents)表面活性剂concentrate富集oil in water emulsion水包油乳液stearyl硬脂酰molecular structure分子结构emulsifier乳化剂tenter frame拉幅机water repellent拒水整理剂elastomeric finish弹性整理剂defoamer消泡剂non-polar非极性的segment链段alkaline碱（性）的shear stability剪切稳定性silicone free softener非硅型柔软剂slippage滑移sample样品manual人工的，手工的flex rigidity弯曲刚度cantilever method悬臂式方法handle-o-meter织物手感测定仪slit缝lengthwise纵向crosswise横向shear rigidity剪切刚性shear hysteresis剪切滞后microemulsion微乳液stain沾污，染污thermomigration热泳移 n-methylolated amine n-羟甲基胺bleeding渗色heatsetting热定形tumbler转笼式洗衣机high pressure water jet高压喷射水洗机ionogen可离子化基团micro fibre超细纤维over-dosing过量，用量过大n,n-distearyl-n,n-dimethyl ammoniumchloride n,n-二硬脂酰基-n,n-二甲基氯化铵rewetting再润湿adduct加合性lightfastness耐光牢度，（耐）日晒牢度direct dye直接染料reactive dye活性染料unmodified未改性的quaternary 季fish toxicity鱼毒性biodegradability生物可降解性ester group酯基triethanolamine三乙醇胺hydrolysis水解imidazoline咪唑啉alkyl烷基esterify酯化hydration layer水化层sulfonate磺酸盐sulfate硫酸盐medical textile医用纺织品fluorescent brightening agent荧光增白剂betaine甜菜碱（三甲铵乙内酯）amine oxide氧化胺paraffin石蜡polyethylene聚乙烯amphoteric两性的ethoxylated fatty alcohol乙氧基化脂肪醇（脂肪醇醚）polyglycol ether聚乙二醇醚spin finish纺丝油剂substantivity直接性polydimethylsiloxane聚二甲基硅氧烷epoxy环氧的oligomer低聚物Chapter 4filling finish上浆整理firmness厚实hand builder改善手感的整理剂flimsy轻薄的limp柔软的raggy粗糙的specification规格bulk体积，蓬松processability加工性能marketability适销性yarn bundle纱束table linen亚麻台布warp and fill density经纬密度poplin府绸corduroy灯心绒laces fabric网眼织物dress fabric妇孺织物jeans牛仔裤apron围裙tapestry挂毯，毛毯awning遮阳蓬，雨蓬mattress duck工业用单纬帆布blind 窗帘carpet backing地毯背衬curtain窗帘，门帘，帷幕pigment binder涂料印花黏合剂adhesive黏合剂a-glucose a-葡萄糖amylopectin 支链淀粉amylase 直链淀粉，淀粉thickening增稠tapioca木薯淀粉polyvinyl alcohol聚乙烯醇warp size经纱上浆剂，经纱浆料thermosetting热固性vinyl acetate-醋酸乙烯polyvinyl methyl ether聚乙烯甲醚rayon人造纤维polyacrylate聚丙烯酸酯polymethacrylate聚甲基丙烯酸酯print paste印花色浆weight gain.增重acrylonitrile丙烯腈n-methylol acrylamide n-羟甲基丙烯酰胺hydroxyethyl acrylate羟乙基丙烯酸酯monomer单体formaldehyde甲醛urea 尿素precondensate初缩体hexa-methylol melamine六羟甲基三聚氰胺elastic resilience回弹性elastan fibre 弹性纤维weak and hard segment软链段和硬链段hydrogen bridge氢桥di-isocyanate二异氰酸酯diol二醇aliphatic polyester脂肪族聚酯polyether聚醚diamine 二胺sagged length下垂长度padder浸轧机，轧车Chapter 5cellulose fibre纤维素纤维wrinkling起皱minimum care易护理，免烫no-iron免烫wash and wear洗可穿shrink proof防缩wrinkle free.不皱，免皱antiswelling抗溶胀blend fabric混纺织物sheen光泽chintz擦光印花棉布pile fabric起绒（起毛）织物pleat褶crease recovery angle折皱回复角warp/ fill direction经/纬向abrasion resistance 耐磨性tear and tensile strengths撕破和断裂强力plise/pleated goods褶皱/褶裥织物rule of thumb经验法则regenerated cellulose fibre再生纤维素纤维amorphous无定形的ripping strength撕破强力liquid ammonia液氨greying发灰，发灰色的dilatable延伸性的objectionable odour令人讨厌的气味fish smell鱼腥味chlorine retention吸氯（作用）formaldehyde scavenger甲醛捕集剂（清除剂）hydrogen bonding氢键结合restoring force回复力multifunctional crosslinking agent多官能团交联剂lifetime使用期stress应力（elastic）resilience回弹性pile绒头impregnated fabric浸渍/浸轧织物？viscose黏胶纤维brnsted acid质子酸（布鲁斯特酸）citric acid柠檬酸shock condensation快速缩合sodiumborotetrafluoride氟硼酸钠protonation质子化作用steric hindrance空间位阻carbonium ion正碳离子electron-donating供电子open width平幅sheeting被单（被套）布postcure后焙烘delay cure 延迟焙烘dipping浸渍centrifugation离心pressing熨烫ironing熨烫hanger吊架oven烘箱flash-dry-curing快速烘焙工艺batch堆置moisture regain回潮率chromotropic acid铬变酸burst test顶破试验scale级perspiration排汗extraction萃取wetting agent润湿剂buffer salt缓冲盐crystallinity结晶度chlorine bleach氯漂chloramine氯胺hypochlorous acid次氯酸mercerisation 丝光anhydrous无水的sanforset treatment桑福瑟特整理Chapter 6oil repellency拒油性fluorocarbon polymer氟碳高聚物air permeability透气性waterproofing 防水hydrostatic pressure水压（液压）vapour permeability透汽性static electricity静电aqueous laundering水洗soil redeposition污物再沉积base碱free energy自由能adhesive interaction黏附力internal cohesive interaction内聚力surface tension表面张力critical surface energy临界表面能resin树脂polytetrafluoroethylene聚四氟乙烯microporous coating微孔涂层aluminium铝zirconium锆stearic acid硬脂酸polar fibre极性纤维extender添加剂，填充剂booster增效剂，促进剂polydimethylsiloxane聚二甲基硅氧烷silanol硅烷醇silane硅烷tin octoate辛酸锡sheath护套，外壳oxidise（oxidize） 氧化hydroxyl group羟基sewability可缝纫性and shape retention形状保持性seam slippage脱缝synthesise（synthesize）合成perfluoro alkyl group全氟烷基urethane氨基甲酸酯fluorination氟化telomerisation调聚反应lauryl月桂基a,w-dihydroxydimethylpolysiloxane a,w-二羟基二甲基聚硅氧烷rubbing摩擦film formation成膜性tumble drying转笼烘燥stain resistance防沾污aerosol气溶胶bionic finish仿生整理ballistic fabric防弹织物spray test喷淋试验impact penetration test冲击穿透试验rain-shower test 雨淋试验blotter paper吸墨纸water gauge 水位标尺wicking芯吸效应（毛细管效应）contact angle 接触角propan-2-ol丙二醇alcohol醇，乙醇singeing烧毛shearing剪毛isopropanol异丙醇syntan合成单宁dual-action双重作用flip空翻organic solvent有机溶剂glycol乙二醇nip-padding面轧（单面轧液）Chapter 7napery台布，餐布active wear运动装rollup 卷起particulate soil颗粒污staple 短纤filament长丝detergent净洗剂，洗涤剂oleophobic疏油的，憎油的caprolactam己内酰胺adipic acid己二酸hybrid混合的，混杂的micelle胶束plasma等离子体hydrophiliclipophilic balance亲水亲油平衡值carboxymethyl cellulose羧甲基纤维素styrene苯乙烯starch淀粉methyl cellulose甲基纤维素ethyl cellulose乙基纤维素hydroxypropyl starch羟丙基淀粉hydroxyethyl cellulose羟乙基纤维素hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose羟丙基甲基纤维素hydrolysed cellulose acetate水解纤维素醋酸酯oxyethylene group氧乙烯基ethylene oxide环氧乙烷phenol酚，苯酚polyethylene glycol聚乙二醇ether醚terephthalic acid对苯二甲酸sulfonated monomer磺化单体magnesium chloride氯化镁interfacial characteristics界面特性electrostatic repulsion静电斥力，静电排斥reflectance反射率microscopy显微镜方法swatch样品，小块样布multiple多次的Chapter 8drapery装饰布aesthetics美观性physiological property生理特征combustion燃烧exothermic process放热过程deplete耗尽pyrolysis热解 carbon dioxide二氧化碳carbonaceous含碳的tar焦油gas phase 气相free radical reaction游离基反应aluminium hydroxide氢氧化铝alumina trihydrate三水合氧化铝insulating layer隔离层boric acid硼酸hydrated salt水合盐condensed phase凝固相phosphoric acid 磷酸thermal decomposition热分解by-product 副产物esterification 酯化dehydration脱水levoglucosan左旋葡萄糖precursor前身，前（驱）体carbonisation碳化viscosity黏度antimony oxide二氧化锑halogen卤素polyhalogenated dioxin多卤化二氧（杂）furane氧杂茂（呋喃）hydrogen halide卤化氢Borate 硼酸盐antimony trihalide 三卤化锑borax 硼砂ammonium sulfate 硫酸铵diammonium phosphate 磷酸氢二铵ammonium sulfamate 氨基磺酸铵ammonium bromide.溴化铵ammonium polyphosphate聚磷酸铵tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride 四羟基氯化膦phosphine凛，磷化氢，三氢化磷hydrogen peroxide 过氧化氢bis(chloromethyl) ether 二氯甲醚Tendering 脆损proban process 普鲁本阻燃整理法Lumen 胞腔vat dye 还原染料n-methylol dimethylphosphono-propionamiden-羟甲基二甲基磷酸基丙酰胺trimethylol melamine三羟甲基三聚氰胺brilliant shade 鲜艳色after-burning time 续燃时间alkyldioxaphosphorinane disulfide烷基二氧杂环磷酸酯二硫化物hexafluoro zirconate 六氟代锆酸盐titanate （salt）钛酸盐levelling acid dye 匀染性酸性染料1:1 metal complex dye1：1金属络合染料limiting oxygen index（极）限氧指数tetrabromophthalic anhydride 四溴酞酰胺Hexabromocyclododecane 六溴环十二烷meltdrip 熔-滴vertical flame test 垂直燃烧试验Thiourea 硫脲melting point 熔点modacrylic fibre 变性聚丙烯腈纤维latex backing 胶乳衬里decorative textile 装饰织物m（p)-aramid fibre间（对）位芳族聚酰胺纤维Phenol 酚，苯酚Polybenzimidazole 聚苯并咪唑antagonistic 对抗性的decabromodiphenyl oxide十溴二苯醚air ventilation空气通风diagonal arrangement倾斜放置Polyphenylenesulfide 聚亚苯基硫醚Polyetheretherketone 聚醚醚酮Polyetherimide 聚醚酰亚胺Polytetrafluoroethylene 聚四氟乙烯Burnability 可燃性halogenated adsorbable organics)可吸附有机卤化物Aromatics 芳香族化合物Chapter 9Shifting 滑移Elongation 伸长Moir 波纹，云纹Run 脱散，抽丝dropped stitch 脱圈snag擦毛，擦损，钩丝（针织疵点）yarn count纱线支数ends and picks经纬数lining衬里float浮纱jacquard upholstery fabric提花装饰织物stab- and stitch-resistant finish防刺和防整理inorganic无机的frictional force摩擦力dispersions 分散silicic acid 硅酸sol溶胶milky white乳白色furniture fabric家具用织物thickener增稠剂doctor (squeegee)刮刀seam slippage脱缝dusting除尘delustering消光Chapter 10clinging紧贴，贴身electrical shock电击relative humidity相对湿度dielectric material绝缘材料triboelectrification摩擦起电triboelectric series摩擦电序列electrical discharge放电hemp大麻纤维sweater运动衫，针织套衫flocking植绒，静电植绒flock printing植绒印花technical textile技术纺织品driving cord传动绳airbags充气（安全）袋conveyor belt输送导带parachute降落伞conductivity导电性resistivity电阻率resistance电阻buildup 累积dissipation散逸hygroscopic吸湿的hydration/hydrated layer水化层heat resistance耐热性oil solubility油溶性polyelectrolyte聚电解质alkylphosphonium acid烷基有机膦酸antistat抗静电剂affinity亲和力synergistic协同的moisture absorption吸湿的counterion带相反电荷的离子,抗衡离子,补偿离子in situ原位，在原来位置polyepoxide聚环氧化合物wash-fast耐水洗的polyhydroxypolyamine多羟多胺类化合物half-life time半衰期cling test紧贴性试验，静电吸附试验rub摩擦electrical resistivity电阻static propensity静电产生倾向aneasthetic gas麻醉性气体Chapter 11spun yarn短纤纱anchor fibrepill球粒，纤维绒球pajamas睡衣bed sheet床单,被单布,床罩布dynamic equilibrium 动态平衡fuzz绒毛，茸毛flex life挠曲寿命hairiness毛羽yarn crimp 纱卷曲tough坚韧的random tumble pilling tester乱翻式起球测试仪propeller叶片，旋桨cork lining软木衬壁tumble（转筒）翻滚unravelling解开,拆散deknitting解编 cotton linter 棉（籽）绒Chapter 12extensibility延伸性deformation变形elastic fibre弹性纤维segmented polyurethane嵌段聚氨酯power stretch强力弹力（高弹性伸缩）lingerie女内衣foundation garment妇女紧身胸衣hosiery袜类elastomer弹性体mesh structure网状结构prepolymer预聚物molar ratio摩尔比epoxy-modified silicone环氧改性有机硅hydraulic damping液体阻尼second次品dyestuff migration染料泳移crocking fastness摩擦牢度disperse dye分散染料Chapter 13colourant着色剂bleeding渗化,渗色blue scale蓝色标准sequestrating多价螯合hydrolysate水解产物nitro-compound硝基化合物mutagenicity生诱变(性)diazotisation重氮化 developer显色剂polydiallyldimethyl ammonium chloride聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵polyheterocycle聚杂环water or perspiration fastness耐水或耐汗（渍）牢度syntan（synthetic tannin）合成单宁reservation agent防染剂naphthalene萘pseudocationic surfactant假阳离子表面活性剂levelling agent匀染剂epichlorohydrin 表氯醇packagescrosswound bobbinelectromagnetic spectrum电磁光谱ozone臭氧automotive textile 汽车用装饰布 photooxidation光氧化triplet三重态photosensitiser光敏剂quencher淬灭剂ring dyeing 环染 uv-absorber紫外线吸收剂uv-screener紫外线屏蔽剂anti-oxidant抗氧化剂，防老化剂benzophenone苯甲酮 benzotriazole苯并三唑phenyltriazine苯三嗪cyanoacrylate氰基丙烯酸酯chromophore发色团hindered phenol light stabiliser受阻碍酚性光稳定剂hindered amine light stabiliser受阻碍胺性光稳定剂Chapter 14acne痤疮，粉刺alkoxy烷氧基alkylbenzyl烷基苯基alkylthio烷基硫醇alkyl烷基awning 遮阳篷，雨篷benzophenone苯甲酮 benzotriazole苯并三唑blinds窗帘,帘子,百叶窗bond energy键能calendering轧光canopy 遮篷cornea 角膜cover factor覆盖系数（因子）cyanoacrylate氰基丙烯酸酯delustrant 消光剂erythema红斑halide卤素的(卤化物的)hydroxyphenyl羟苯基incident radiation入射辐射infrared红外线（的）light wave光波lightweight轻质，轻的melanoma黑素瘤o-hydroxyphenyl邻位羟苯基opacification乳浊化，乳状体optical brightening agent荧光增白剂oxalic acid dianilide 草酸酰替苯胺ozone臭氧phenyl salicylate 苯基水杨酸酯phenylalkyl苯烷基phenyltriazine苯三嗪photodegradation光降解（作用）photodermatosis光致皮肤病photon energy光（子）能（量）phototoxic光线损害的radiation辐射reversible可逆的spectroscopic measurement分光测定substituent取代基sulfoalkoxy磺基烷氧基sun block（ing）防晒sunburn晒黑，晒斑tackle 处理，解决tent帐篷transmittance透射比tricot经编针织物twill斜纹织物ultraviolet紫外（线）的，紫外线辐射uptake上染vibration energy振动能wavelength波长Chapter 15pathogenic致病的, 病原的, 发病的microorganism微生物hygiene finishes卫生整理mould亦作mold 霉mildew霉，霉菌rot腐败,腐烂fungi真菌bacteria细菌algae藻类, 海藻discoloration脱色symbiotic relationship共生关系immune免疫的shower curtain浴帘mattress ticking床垫布intimate apparel贴身内衣microbe微生物, 细菌biostat生物抑制剂bacteriostat抑菌剂fungistat抑真菌剂biocide生物杀灭剂bacteriocide杀菌剂fungicide杀霉菌剂,杀真菌剂cell reproduction细胞繁殖copper naphthenate环烷酸铜copper-8-quinolinate 8羟基喹啉铜tributyl tin oxide氧化三丁基锡dichlorophene双氯酚3-iodopropynylbutyl carbamatebenzimidazol苯并咪唑salicylanilide n-水杨酰苯胺alkylolamide 烷醇酰胺formalin福尔马林,甲醛水disinfection消毒triclosan三氯生（抗菌药）silver zeolite银沸石organic nitro compound有机硝基化合物5-nitrofurfural 5-硝基糠醛(呋喃甲叉)immobilise使不动, 使固定polyhexamethylene biguanide多卤苯酸phospholipid磷脂 chloramine氯胺renewable可再生的po1yhexamethylene biguanide聚六亚甲基双胍盐chitosan壳聚糖chitin甲壳素，几丁质reproducibility重现性，重演性adenosine triphosphate三磷酸腺苷luminescence发光，荧光bioluminescent detection生物荧光检测gram-positive/negative bacteria格兰氏阳性/阴性菌dermatitis皮肤炎yeast酵母bioaccumulation生物累积Chapter 16dust mite尘螨keratin角蛋白 fur毛皮nerve poison神经毒剂pesticide杀虫剂dyebath染浴,染液dieldrin狄氏剂pyrethroid合成除虫菊酯scouring精练，煮练，洗涤，洗毛piece goods匹头spinning lubricant纺纱油剂symptom症状vacuum cleaner真空吸尘器，吸尘器Chapter 17enzyme酶，酵素bio-finishing生物整理bio-polishing生物抛光abrasive stone磨石three-dimensional structure三维结构ami