2008年高考试题——英语(江苏卷)

2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷）英 语 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节, 满分35分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）21. We went right round to the west coast by _ sea instead of driving across _ continent. A. the theB. / theC. the /D. / /【高考考点】冠词。【答案与解析】B。by sea是固定词组，用作状语，表示方式，意为“乘船”。类似词组还有by air (乘飞机)，by land (由陆路)。第二个空缺选the，表“特指”。22. - Do you mind if I record your lecture? - _. Go ahead. A. Never mindB. No wayC. Not at allD. No, youd better not【高考考点】情景交际。【答案与解析】C。Never mind “没关系，不要紧”，常用于别人向你致歉时的答语。No way“决不，不可能”拒绝对方。如：Do you want to help?-No way! (你想帮忙吗？决不！)。Not at all“根本不” (意为“一点儿也不介意”)。No, youd better not不符合交际习惯。23. - Is Peter there? - _, please. Ill see if I can find him for you. A. Hold upB. Hold onC. Hold outD. Hold off【高考考点】动词短语词义辨析。【答案与解析】B。hold up“阻止，举起”；hold on“稍等会儿，（打电话时）别挂断”；hold out“伸出，提出”；hold off本题考查的是打电话时的用语；hold off“推迟，战胜，克服”。从语境看这是打电话时叫对方别挂。故选B。24. The Science Museum, _ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions. A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where【高考考点】which引导的非限制性定语从句。【答案与解析】A。本题考查的重点是非限制性定语从句。大家知道，非限制性定语从句的先行词指物时，应用which而不用that，定语从句谓语动词visit是及物动词，需跟宾语句子才完整。故A项正确。25. - I cant repair these until tomorrow, Im afraid. - Thats OK, theres _.A. no problemB. no wonderC. no doubtD. no hurry【高考考点】交际用语。【答案与解析】D。no hurry意为“不急”。从问句可知，对方有点儿“着急”，所以答方说，“没关系，不急”。“no+名词”这一结构是英语中常见搭配，no problem (没问题)，no wonder (怪不得)，no doubt (无疑)，常见的还有no way (没门儿)。26. - It shouldnt take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help. - Thats right. _. A. Many hands make light workB. Something is better than nothing C. The more, the merrierD. The sooner begin, the sooner done【高考考点】英语谚语。【答案与解析】A。Many hands make light work.是谚语，意为“人多好办事”在近几年的高考英语江苏卷中，曾多次考查学生对谚语、习语的掌握情况。如06年第28小题考的是谚语No pains, no gains. “不劳无获。”27. It is often said that the joy of traveling is _ in arriving at your destination _ in the journey itself. A. / butB. / orC. not orD. not but【高考考点】连词。【答案与解析】D。本题考查的是固定搭配。not but 是固定词组，意为“不是而是。”28. - Why do you suggest we buy a new machine? - Because the old one has been damaged _. A. beyond reachB. beyond repairC. beyond controlD. beyond description【高考考点】介词短语。【答案与解析】B。beyond是介词，意为“（程度）超出”，beyond repair是“无法修理”。 题意是“因为旧机器已经烂得无法再修理了。”故选B。29. - They are quiet, arent they? - Yes. They are accustomed _ at meals.A. to talkB. to not talkC. to talkingD. to not talking【高考考点】非谓语动词。【答案与解析】D。本题考查的是词组be accused to (习惯于)的用法，其中to是介词，后跟名词或动名词。30. It is _ to spend money on preventing illnesses by promoting healthy living rather than spending on trying to make people _ after they are ill. A. good goodB. well betterC. better betterD. better good【高考考点】形容词比较等级。【答案与解析】C。本句为复合句，it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语to spend 。rather than是固定短语，意为“与其说，不如说”。其句意为：与其把钱花在让人康复上，倒不如将钱花在通过提升健康的生活来预防疾病。31. - Im still working on my project. - Oh, youll miss the deadline. Time is _. A. running outB. going outC. giving outD. losing out【高考考点】动词短语词义辨析。【答案与解析】A 解析：run out的意思是“（期限）到期”。此处用现在进行时表示：即将到期。go out (灯)熄灭，give out 发出(热、味)，lose out 输给(to sb)。32. _ you eat the correct foods _ be able to keep fit and stay healthy. A. Only if; will youB. Only if; you will C. Unless; will youD. Unless; you will【高考考点】“only +状语从句”位于句首时引起的倒装结构。【答案与解析】A。当only放在句首，修饰状语从句、副词或介词短语时，主句的谓语要部分前置，构成部分倒装。33. - Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. - I think so. He _ for it for months. A. is preparingB. was preparingC. had been preparingD. has been preparing【高考考点】考查动词时态。【答案与解析】D。从上文可知“Andrew将在决赛中拿第一”说明他还在准备，故用现在完成进行时。句意是“他一直准备数月了。”故选D。34. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _ as much as we can. A. speakB. speakingC. spokenD. to speak【高考考点】过去分词作宾补。【答案与解析】C。句意是“为了学好英语，我们应尽可能地找机会说英语。”English和speak之间是被动关系，故感官动词hear后跟过去分词作宾补。故选C项。35. - Im sorry. I _ at you the other day. - Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. A. shouldnt shoutB. shouldnt have shouted C. mustnt shoutD. mustnt have shouted【高考考点】考查情态动词shouldnt have done的用法。【答案与解析】B。前句中有明显的时间状语the other day (几天前)，事情发生在过去。句意是“对不起，前几天我不应该对你大嚷大叫。”所以要用“shouldnt have done”。第二节 完型填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland. In an interview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist (打击乐器独奏演员) in spite of her disability.“Early on I decided not to allow the 36 of others to stop me from becoming a musician. I grew up on a farm in northeast Scotland and began 37 piano lessons when I was eight. The older I got, the more my passion (酷爱) for music grew. But I also began to gradually lose my 38 . Doctors concluded that the nerve damage was the 39 and by age twelve, I was completely deaf. But my love for music never 40 me.“My 41 was to become a percussion soloist, even though there were none at that time. To perform, I 42 to hear music differently from others. I play in my stocking feet and can 43 the pitch of a note (音调高低) by the vibrations (振动). I feel through my body and through my 44 . My entire sound world exists by making use of almost every 45 that I have.“I was 46 to be assessed as a musician, not as a deaf musician, and I applied to the famous Royal Academy of Music in London. No other deaf student had 47 this before and some teachers 48 my admission. Based on my performance, I was 49 admitted and went to 50 with the academys highest honours.“After that, I established myself as the first full-time solo percussionist. I 51 and arranged a lot of musical compositions since 52 had been written specially for solo percussionists.“I have been a soloist for over ten years. 53 the doctor thought a was totally deaf, it didnt 54 that my passion couldnt be realized. I would encourage people not to allow themselves to be 55 by others. Follow your passion; follow your heart, they will lead you to to the place you want to go.”2008年的完形填空是一篇叙事性的文章，作者采用倒叙的手法，讲述了英国著名聋女乐器打击手Evelyn Glennie克服困难成功的故事，阐明了只要有激情，敢于尝试，就能成功的主题。36. A. conditionsB. opinionsC. actionsD. recommendations【高考考点】考查名词词义。【答案与解析】B。综合整个语篇及文章最后一段 “I would encourage people not to allow”的提示，可知作者虽身残而志坚，挑战世俗，大胆尝试，最终获得成功，可知最佳答案为B项。37. A. enjoyingB. choosingC. takingD. giving【高考考点】考查动词词义。【答案与解析】C。文中take piano lessons 为动词搭配，表示：上(听)钢琴课之意，故排除其它三个干扰项。38. A. sightB. hearingC. touchD. taste【高考考点】考查名词词义。【答案与解析】B。由下文“I was completelydeaf ”；“notas a deaf musician”；“ Iwastotally deaf” 处可知作者年幼失聪 (hearing)。39. A. evidenceB. resultC. excuseD. cause【高考考点】考查名词词义辨析。【答案与解析】D。根据文章，医生断言神经受损是作者耳聋的原因所在，而非产生的结果，故排除B项，A项表示：证据，C项表示：借口，均不符合文意。40. A. leftB. excitedC. accompaniedD. disappointed【高考考点】考动词词义辨析。【答案与解析】A。从文中可知，作者虽患耳疾，但年纪愈长，对音乐的热情也愈涨，再由but一词的暗示，可敲定left为正确答案。41. A. purposeB. decisionC. promiseD. goal【高考考点】考查名词词义辨析。【答案与解析】D。根据文意，作者的人生目标是要成为一名打击乐器独奏演员，所以D为正确答案，A项表示: 意图，B项表示: 决定，C项表示: 诺言，均不准确。42. A. turnedB. learnedC. usedD. ought【高考考点】考查动词词义辨析。【答案与解析】B。由文中可知，由于听力丧失，作者无法用耳朵去听音乐，所以只能尝试学会以“另类”的方式去感悟音乐，选项B恰好表示: 学习、习得之意，符合文意。43. A. tellB. seeC. hearD. smell【高考考点】考查动词词义辨析。【答案与解析】A。由上文可知，作者无法象常人一样去听音乐，就想出只穿着袜子不穿鞋，利用身体的震动来感知音乐，分辨音调高低。其中can与tell连用，正好表达“分辨”、“辨别”之意，为正确答案。44. A. carefulnessB. movementC. imaginationD. experience【高考考点】考查名词词义辨析。【答案与解析】C。根据文意和句子结构可判断，只有C项imagination (想象力)为正确答案。45. A. senseB. effortC. feelingD. idea【高考考点】考查名词词义辨析。【答案与解析】A。根据上文, 作者听力丧失，所以只能协调其它的感官去“听”音乐。故A项为正确答案。46. A. dissatisfiedB. astonishedC. determinedD. discouraged【高考考点】考查形容词词义辨析【答案与解析】C。 此处表达作者要立志成为音乐家，所以不难选出determine一词，其他三项dissatisfied, astonished, discouraged因感情色彩与文章主旨明显不符，而不能入选。47. A. doneB. acceptedC. advisedD. admitted【高考考点】考查副词词义辨析。【答案与解析】A。作者耳患顽疾，且又申请著名的伦敦皇家音乐学院去学习，这在当时是没有哪个聋哑学生能够做到的，故此题选A为宜。48. A. supportedB. followedC. requiredD. opposed【高考考点】考查动词词义辨析。【答案与解析】D。 由上下文语境，再加上衔接词and（注意文中没用but,说明此处表示并列，而非转折）可推知，作者的行为自然要受到老师的反对。此处学生易误选support一词而造成语意前后矛盾，以致偏离主题。49. A. usuallyB. finallyC. possiblyD. hopefully【高考考点】考查副词词义辨析。【答案与解析】B。 从文中可知，作者大胆尝试，抵制压力，克服困难，最终考入皇家音乐学院，所以B项（最终地）为正确答案。50. A. studyB. researchC. graduateD. progress【高考考点】考查动词词义辨析。【答案与解析】C。由第四段最后一句可知，应是作者毕业时获得学院最高荣誉奖，其它三项不妥。51. A. wroteB. translatedC. copiedD. read【高考考点】考查动词词义辨析。【答案与解析】A。根据文章，作者经过不懈努力，后来成为第一位专职打击音乐独奏演员，再由下句“had been written specially for solo percussionists.”中write一词的同义复现，可确定上句答案为A项。52. A. enoughB. someC. manyD. few【高考考点】考查不定代词词义辨析。【答案与解析】D。考查代词词义，根据上下文逻辑，在此作者想表达很少有人来专门为打击音乐独奏演员来谱曲，所以出现上文作者挺身而出，竭力为演员们来谱曲，所以此题D项为正确答案。53. A. HoweverB. AlthoughC. WhenD. Since【高考考点】考查连词用法。【答案与解析】B。根据上下文逻辑，可知此处应使用表示转折的关联词，选项A (however)虽然表示转折含义，但不用做连词，不能连接句子，故排除。所以B项为正确答案。54. A. meanB. seemC. concludeD. say【高考考点】考查动词词义辨析。【答案与解析】A。根据文意和句式结构（此句为双重否定句）可知，mean表示：“意味着”，为最佳答案。55. 55. A. directedB. guidedC. taughtD. limited【高考考点】考查动词词义辨析。【答案与解析】D。作者通过自身经历劝导人们不要为别人的思想而束缚自己，故D项 (limited表示：限制)为最佳答案。第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题，每题2分，满分30分）A（A篇是一篇议论文，主要论述了如何做时间的主人。）What time is it? Most people are pretty accurate in their answer. And if you dont know for sure, its a very likely that you can find out. There may be a watch on your wrist, there may be a clock on the wall, desk, or computer screen; or maybe youre riding in a car that has a clock in the dashboard (仪表板).Even if you dont have a timepiece of some sort nearby, your body keeps its own beat. Humans have an internal clock that regulates (调节) the beating of our heart, the pace of our breathing, the discharge (排出) of chemicals within our bloodstream, and many other bodily functions. Time is something from which we cant escape. Even if we ignore it, its still going by, ticking away, second by second, minute by minute, hour by hour. So the main issue in using your time well is, “Whos in charge?” We can allow time to slip by and let it be our enemy. Or we can take control of it and make it our ally.By taking control of how you spend your time, youll increase your chances of becoming a more successful student. Perhaps more importantly, the better you are at managing the time you devote to your studies, the more time youll have to spend on your outside interests.The aim of time management is not to schedule every moment so we become slaves of a timetable that governs every waking moment of the day. Instead, the aim is to make informed choices as to how we use our time. Rather than letting the day go by, largely without our awareness, what we are going to discuss next can make us better able to control time for our own purposes.56. The underlined word “ally” in Para. 3 more likely means somebody or something that is _. A. your slave and serves youB. your supporter and helps you C. under your control and obeys youD. under your influence and follows you【高考考点】考查猜测词义的能力。【答案与解析】B。文章第三段作者亮出观点：谁来主宰时间，并又进一步指出：要么让时间溜走，成为我们的大敌；要么我们管好时间，使之成为我们的朋友，此处ally一词和上句的enemy恰好词义相对，语意相反，可知B为正确答案。57. The author intends to tell us that time _. A. could be regulated by a timepiece such as a clock or a watch B. could be managed by the internal clock of human bodies C. should be well managed for our own interest D. should be saved for outside interests【高考考点】考查推理判断能力。【答案与解析】C。作者在文章中阐明了我们如何去管理时间，进而成为时间的主人，所以C项切中文意，为正确答案。58. In the next part, the author would most probably discuss with you _. A. how to keep up with the timesB. how to make up for lost time C. how to have a good timeD. how to make good use of time【高考考点】考查推理判断能力。【答案与解析】D。从文章最后一段末句可知作者下面将讨论我们将如何更好地利用时间为我们服务，故D项为正确答案。B（B篇属于科普文，讲述有关太阳能的问题。）We experience different forms of the Suns energy every day. We can see its light and feel its warmth. The Sun is the major source of evaporation (蒸发) of water from the oceans and lakes. Sunlight also provides the energy used by green plants to make their own food. These green plants then provide food for all organisms (生物) on the Earth.Much of the energy that comes from the Sun never reaches the Earths surface. It is either reflected or absorbed by the gases in the upper atmosphere. Of the energy that reaches the lower atmosphere, 30% is reflected by clouds or the Earths surface. The remaining 70% warms the surface of the planet, causes water to evaporate, and provides energy for the water cycle and weather. Only a tiny part, approximately 0.023%, is actually used by green plants to produce food.Many gases found in the atmosphere actually reflect heat energy escaping from the Earths surface back to the Earth. These gases act like the glass of a greenhouse in that they allow energy from the Sun to enter but prevent energy from leaving. They are therefore called greenhouse gases.When sunlight strikes an object, some of the energy is absorbed and some is reflected. The amount reflected depends on the surface. For example, youve probably noticed how bright snow is when sunlight falls on it. Snow reflects most of the energy from the Sun, so it contributes to the low temperatures of winter. Dark-coloured surfaces, such as dark soil or forest, absorb more energy and help warm the surrounding air.59. According to the passage, the root cause for weather changes on the Earth is _. A. the atmosphere surrounding the EarthB. water from oceans and lakes C. energy from the SunD. greenhouse gases in the sky【高考考点】考查深层次理解能力。【答案与解析】C。细读全文可知，地球上天气变化的根源在于太阳能。60. Only a small part of the Suns energy reaches the Earths surface because most of it _. A. absorbed by the clouds in the lower atmosphere B. reflected by the gases in the upper atmosphere C. lost in the upper and lower atmosphere D. used to evaporate water from the oceans and lakes【高考考点】考查细节理解能力。【答案与解析】C。从文章第二段首句可知，太阳能只有小部分才能到达地表，大多被表层大气所反射或吸收。A、B两项表述过于片面，且与文意不符，只有B项才概括全面。其中lose一词用的恰到好处，可以涵盖reflect和absorb之意。61. We learn from the passage that _. A. all living things on the Earth depend on the Sun for their food B. a forest looks dark in winter because it absorbs solar energy C. only 0.023% of the energy from the Sun is made use of on the Earth D. greenhouse gases allow heat energy to escape from the Earths surface【高考考点】考查推理判断能力【答案与解析】A。从文章第一段末句可知，地球上所有生物均要依靠太阳能来间接为他们提供食物。B 、C、 D 三项表述皆与文意相违。CGallery Policiesfor Visitors to National Gallery of Art, WashingtonVisitors must present all carried items for inspection upon entry. After inspection, all bags, backpacks, umbrellas, parcels, and other things as determined by security officers must left at the checkrooms, free of charge, close to each entrance. All oversized bags, backpacks and luggage must be left at the checkrooms near the 4th Street entrance of either the East or West Building. These items will have to be x-rayed before being accepted items of value, such as laptop computers, cameras, and fur coats, may not be left in the checkrooms but may be carried into the galleries.We regret that we do not have enough space for visitor items larger than 1726 inches into the Gallery or its checkrooms.Additional security procedures and checks may be taken according to the decision of the Gallery.For the safety of the artworks and other visitors, nothing may be carried on a visitors back. Soft front baby carriers are allowed, but children may not be carried on shoulders or in a child carrier worn on the back. Pushchairs are available free of charge near each checkroom.Smoking is prohibited. Food and drink are not permitted outside the food service areas. Unopened bottled water may be carried only in a visitors bag. Cell phones may not be used in the galleries.Animals, other than service animals, are not permitted in the Gallery.Skateboarding is prohibited.Picture-taking (including video for personal use is permitted except in special exhibitions and where specifically prohibited. Tripods (三角架) are not allowed.Please do not touch the works of art.62. When people come to visit the Gallery, they should _. A. leave all their carried items at the checkrooms B. have all their carried items x-rayed at the entrance C. take all their carried items with them without inspectionD. have all their carried items inspected at the entrance【高考考点】考查学生的细节查找能力。【答案与解析】D。 根据文章首段第一句可知，游客们应在入口处对其所带物品接受检查，故答案为D项。63. What does the Gallery feel sorry for? A. Visitors have to keep their valuable items in the checkrooms. B. The size of visitor items allowed into the Gallery is limited. C. It cannot keep oversized visitor items due to limited space. D. Visitor items over 1726 inches must go through additional checks.【高考考点】考查细节理解能力。【答案与解析】B。文章第二段明确指出：限于条件，美术馆没有足够的空间来容纳体积大于1726英寸的物品，可知正确答案为C项。64. Parents with small children visiting the Gallery _. A. can carry their children in soft front child carriers B. can carry their children on their shoulders C. can carry their children in child carriers worn on the back D. ought to pay if they want to use pushchairs for their children【高考考点】考查的细节理解能力。【答案与解析】A 。根据文章第四段第二句soft front baby carries是可以被允许进入的，其他几项均表述错误。所以此题正确答案为A项。65. Visiting photographers should make sure that _. A. pictures and videos are allowed for personal use anywhere in the Gallery B. pictures and videos can be taken in some places for personal use C. picture-taking and videoing are totally forbidden in the Gallery D. tripods are allowed except in some special exhibitions【高考考点】考查细节理解能力。【答案与解析】B。从文章倒数第二段可知，除去一些特别的展品和严格禁止的地方，只要是限于个人使用的拍照（或录像）是可以被允许的，可确定B项为最佳答案。D（D篇属于记叙文，文章由邻居之死而引出一个不容忽视的社会主题：友情、亲情才是最重要的。）It had been some time since Jack had seen the old man. College, carrier, and life itself got in the way. In fact, Jack moved clear acro