专题-英语.doc

中小学1对1课外辅导专家讲义编号授课班级： 年 级： 初三 课时数：2学员姓名： 辅导科目： 英语 学科教师：学科组长签名及日期剩余天数课 题掌握状语从句的构成及基本用法授课时间：2014-10-29备课时间： 2014-10-28教学目标熟练掌握各类状语从句的基本使用方法重点、难点对状语从句中的从属连词、时态的准确把握教学内容一、导入 1. I know that he is a teacher. (主从复合句)主语 谓语 引导词 从句主语 从句谓语 从句宾语 从句三要素： 2. He speaks English very well. 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 状语： 【小结】 状语从句定义：【中考链接】38. Peter will cook for his parents _ the International Day of Families comes. (2012年上海市中考真题) A. unless B. when C. until D. though 37. John didnt give up looking for a job _ he got an offer from a German company. (2014年上海市中考真题) A. until B. since C. because D. if 38. Aunt Lucy will tell us something about her trip to Australia when she _ back. (2014年上海市中考真题) A. came B. comes C. would come D. will come二、语法梳理：状语从句 1. 作用： 2. 分类： 3. 考点： 【考点1：时态】 八大时态： 现在：一般现在时、现在进行时、一般将来时、现在完成时 过去：一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时 I. 规则变化： II. 例外：Eg. 1. While I _ TV, the bell rang. A. watch B. watched C. is watching D. was watching 2. No conclusion _ before we complete the test. A. is made B. will be made C. has made 【小试牛刀】用括号里单词的正确形式填空。1. What were you doing when the UFO _ _. (arrive)2. I _ _ (leave) if he came.3. I will leave as soon as he _ _ (come).4. It _ _ (be) rainy for 2 hours when he went out.5. I (tell) him everything when he comes back. 【考点2：连接词】 类别 连接词 时间状语从句when, while, as（当的时候）, before（之前）, after（之后）, since（自从）, till（直到）, once（一旦），as soon as, the moment, instantly, hardlywhen, no soonerthan (一就)地点状语从句where (在的地方), wherever (无论哪里)原因状语从句because（因为）, since（既然）, as, for（由于）, now that（既然，由于）etc. 目的状语从句in order that, so that(为了，以便), that, etc. 结果状语从句sothat, so that, suchthat（如此以致）, that, etc. 条件状语从句if（如果）, unless（除非）, as(so)long as（只要）, on condition that（条件是），as far as (就而言) ， in case (万一) etc. 让步状语从句though, although（尽管）, even if, even though（尽管）, however（无论怎样）, whatever（无论什么）,no matter (who, when, where) (无论), etc.比较状语从句asas, soas (和一样), than, etc. 方式状语从句as （与一样）, as if, as though（仿佛）, etc.【考点2分解】i. 时间状语从句when, while, as（当的时候）, before（之前）, after（之后）, since（自从）, till（直到）, once（一旦）as soon as, the moment, instantly, hardlywhen, no soonerthan (一就)1. when/ while/ as 辨析 When 当时，从句谓语动词既可以是延续性动词，又可以是瞬间动词。从句动作即可发生在主句前，后，也可以同时发生。从句时态用一般时态。 While 与同时，在此期间，从句谓语动词必须是延续性动词。强调主从句动作同时发生。从句时态用进行时态。 As 正当；一边一边，强调主从句动作同时或几乎同时发生。当强调随着时间的推移时，不能与其它替换。 【小试牛刀】 1. _ _ time goes on, its getting warmer and warmer. 2. We were watching TV suddenly the lights went out. 3. Please dont talk so loud others are working.4. I dont know when he next week. When he , please let me know. A. comes, comes B. will come, will come C. will come, comes D. comes, will come2. until 直到. I. (not)until 肯定句中主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，表动作一直持续到.；否定句中主句的谓语动词经常是非延续性动词，也可以是延续性动词, 表直到.才。 Eg. Ill _ (stay) here until you come back. He _ (go) to bed until he finished his homework.II. not until在句首时，主句要部分倒装; untiltill，但是在句首时，只能用until。 Eg. 直到老师进来学生门才停止讲话(翻译)。 _.3. since 自从.1) since主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。2)“It is/ has been十一段时间+since从句”意为“从到现在多久了”。eg. 自她大学毕业已有六年的时间。_4. no sooner.than, hardly/barely/scarely.when.引导表时间的句子时，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。位于句首时主句部分要倒装。Eg. 我还没来得及讲电话他就挂了.（翻译）_【专项练习】.1.A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosityhe reached the end of the story.A. whenB. unlessC. afterD. until2.He transplanted the little tree to the gardenit was the best time for it.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. until3.He was about to tell me the secretsomeone patted him on the shoulder.A. asB. untilC. whileD. when4. you understand this rule, youll have no further difficulty.A. WhileB. OnceC. ThoughD. Unless5.Substances will expand or contractheated or cooled, but this is not the case with water.A. when they will be B. if they will beC. as they beingD. whenii. 地点状语从句 从属连词：where (在的地方), wherever (无论哪里)注意点：where引导的状语从句表示特定的地点；wherever引导的状语从句表示非特定的地点专项练习1.I have kept this pictureI can see it every day, as it always reminds me of school days in America.A. whichB. whereC. whetherD. when2.You should be firmyou think yourself to be right.A. in whichB. whereC. whatD. however3.Where do you plan to go?Ive made up my mind to go Im most needed.A. to the placeB. to whichC. thatD. where4. human beings live in great numbers, the waters are very likely to become contaminated.A. ThatB. WhereC. Even ifD. Though5.There were dirty marks on her trousers she had wiped her hands.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that iii. 条件状语从句 【主将从现】从属连词：if（如果）, unless（除非）, as(so)long as（只要）, suppose that (假设), on condition that（条件是），as far as (就而言) , in case =for the fear that (万一) , given that (倘若考虑到)etc.If 还可表示虚拟条件或假设。Eg. 如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。（翻译）_专项练习1.I think our boat can pass the treacherous water cautiously handled.A. untilB. ifC. lestD. with2.Ill give you a lift I get home you get off.A. before. ifB. after. asC. if. beforeD. until . before3.Youll succeed in time you study hard.A. unlessB. as long asC. even ifD. even though4.The robber told him that he had better keep silent he wanted to get into trouble.A. ifB. unlessC. otherwiseD. whether5.I have made a promise anyone can tell me the secret, Ill give him a little present.A. that ifB. thatC. whenD. so long asiv. 原因状语从句 从属连词：because（因为）, since=now that（既然，由于）, as, for（由于）,considering that=seeing that(既然) ， in that (因为，在方面)etc.1. because意为“因为” 1)回答why引出的疑问句，只能用because回答。 2. because of 由于Eg.I. 他没去学校是因为生病了。（翻译） _ _II. - Why cant the boy understand what the American teacher said?- _ he is a beginner, _ he knows little English. A. Because, so B. Because, / C. Because of, so D. Because of, /专项练习1.Parents should take seriously their childrens request for sunglasses eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.A. becauseB. thoughC. unlessD. if2. the weather was fine, I opened all the windows.A. AsB. Because ofC. ForD. With3. you wouldnt like to go there, you might as well stay here.A. Even ifB. EvenC. Now thatD. Although4. time went on, what our teacher said proved true.A. AsB. SinceC. WithD. Because5.He married herhe loved her but because he was indebted to her.A. because notB. not becauseC. becauseD. thoughv. 让步状语从句 从属连词：though, although（尽管）, even if, even though（尽管）, however（无论怎样）, whatever（无论什么）,no matter (who, when, where) (无论), despite the fact that (不管), etc.1. although引导的让步状语从句不能倒装，经常放在主句之前。2. though引导的让步状语从句可以倒装，也可以不倒装，可以放主句前后。3. as意为“尽管” 引导的让步状语从句必须倒装。 Eg. 尽管他是日本人，但他大多数时间是在中国度过的。 _那篇文章虽然很短，但很重要。_虽然他只是个孩子，但他知道该做什么。_专项练习1. , Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.A. However late is heB. However he is lateC. However is he lateD. However late he is2.If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, great it is.A. whatB. howC. howeverD. whatever3. , I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John.A. As long as I have traveledB. Now that I have traveled so muchC. Much as I have traveledD. As I have traveled so much4.Dad, Ive finished my assignment.Good, and you play or watch TV, you mustnt disturb me.A. wheneverB. whetherC. whateverD. no matter5.If that idea is wrong, the project is bound to fail, good all the other ideas might be.A. whateverB. thoughC. whatsoeverD. however vi. 比较状语从句 从属连词：asas, soas (和一样), than, etc.1. 表示相同程度的比较 1) as+原级十as 2) the same（+表示量度的名词）+as 2. 表示较高程度的比较 1)“the+比较级，the十比较级”意为“越，就越”。 2) the+形容词比较级十of+名词3. 表示最高程度时的结构 1) the十最高级十比较范围 2)比较级+ than+any other+名词单数比较级+than+any of the other+名词复数比较级+ than+anyone else/ anybody else/ anything else 3)“比较级+ than+any+名词单数” 4. 表示较低程度的比较 l)not+as/ so+原级+as 2) less+原级+than专项练习1.In recent years, travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go, .A. our holiday will be betterB. our holiday will be the betterC. the better our holiday will beD. the better will our holiday be2.John plays football, if not better than, David.A. as wellB. as well asC. so wellD. so well as3.How beautifully she sings! I have never heard ?A. the better voice B. a good voiceC. the best voiceD. a better voice4.The cloth ismagnificent! they said.A. the mostB. very mostC. mostD. much more5.Ive gotwork to do on such a cold day.A. much too; much tooB. too much; too muchC. too much; much tooD. much too; too muchvii. 方式状语从句和目的状语从句 从属连词 ：表方式：as （与一样）, as if, as though（仿佛）, etc.表目的： in order that, so that(为了，以便), that, etc.专项练习1.He spoke in a careless way he cared nothing about it.A. as ifB. thoughC. even ifD. even though2.When a gun was pointing against your head, you should do .A. like you were told toB. as to what told toC. like what you were told toD. as you were told to3.Helen listened carefully she might discover exactly what John wanted.A. so as thatB. in caseC. providingD. in order that4.Just tell me what subject youd like me to talk on I could get some notes ready.A. so thatB. in orderC. soD. just as5.John may phone again tonight. I dont want to go out he phones.A. as long asB. in order thatC. in caseD. so thatviii. 结果状语从句 从属连词：sothat, so that, suchthat（如此以致）, that, etc. so/such十形容词副词，放在句首时，要引起主句的部分倒装。专项练习1.He hasthat it is difficult for him to travel.A. such heavy a work loadB. too heavy a work loadC. so heavy a work loadD. much heavy a work load2.She was so angry at allhe was doingshe walked out, and closed the door.A. that. . thatB. what. . thatC. what. . . asD. that. which3.There was such a long line at the exhibition we had to wait for about half an hour.A. asB. thatC. soD. hence4. that I couldnt support myself at that moment.A. I was weak enoughB. I was too weakC. So weak I wasD. So weak was I【家庭作业】一、用正确的连词填空。1. Mrs. Smith has taught Math _ he came to our school.2. _ everyone would make mistakes in his life, I decided to give him another chance. 3. We dont give up _ we would fail ten times. 4. The clever dog buried the bones _ the other dogs wouldnt find them.5. They are so beautiful pictures _ I want to buy all of them.6. He whispered to his wife _ he might wake up the sleeping baby.7. _I grow older, I realize that health is much more important than wealth. 8. I keep the photo of my daughter _ I can see it every day.9. You may do anything you like _ it is not against the law.10. People do not know the value of freedom _ they have lost it.11. _ hard a thing is thrown into the air, it always falls to the ground.12. It gets darker and darke