VCE物理专业词汇

VCE物理专业词汇Chapter 1 Motion 第一章 运动1.1Area of study 1 Motion in one and two dimension 一维二维学习领域1.vectors and scalars矢量和标量2.describing motion 描述运动（运动的描述）3.distance距离4.displacement 位移5.average speed平均速率6.average velocity平均速度7.centre of mass质心（质点）8.graphing motion运动图像9.positiontime graphs位置-时间图10.velocity-time速度-时间图11.acceleration加速度12.acceleration-time加速度-时间图13.equation of motion 运动方程14.vertical motion竖直方向的运动15.relative motion相对运动1.2Newtons laws of motion牛顿运动定律1.Newtonfirst law牛顿第一定律2.Newtons second law牛顿第二定律3.Newtonthird law牛顿第三定律1.3The normal force and inclined planes正交力和斜面1.Normal force正交力2.Inclined planes斜面1.4projiectile motion 抛体运动1.horizengtal component水平分量2.vertical component垂直分量3.Tips for problems involving projectile motion平抛运动中涉及的问题4.net force合力（净力）5.the effect of air resistance空气阻力的影响Chapter 2 collisions and circular motion碰撞和圆周运动2.1momentum and impulse动量和冲量2.2conservation of momentum动量守恒2.3Work ,energy and power做功，能量和功率1.conservation of energy能量守恒2.Elastic and inelastic collisions弹性和非弹性碰撞3.kinetic energy动能4.potential energy势能5.mechanical energy机械能2.4Hooks law and elastic potential energy胡克定律和弹性势能2.5Circular motion圆周运动1.Unifom circular motion匀速圆周运动2.centripetal acceleration向心加速度3.Force that cause circular motion向心力2.6Aspects of horizontal circular motion水平面上的圆周运动1.ball on a string线上的小球2.banked cornersChapter 3 Gravity and satellites重力和卫星3.1Newtons law of universal gravitation牛顿万有引力定律3.2gravitational fields重力场1.using diagrams to represent gravitational fields用图表代表万有引力2.caculating the gravitational fields strength计算重力场强度3.gravitational fields freely falling objects重力场和自由落体3.3 satellites in orbit轨道卫星1.natural satellites自然卫星2.artificial satellites人造卫星3.satellites in circular orbits圆周轨道卫星4.Keplers laws开普勒定律3.4Energy changes in gravitational fields 重力场中能量的改变1.energy of satellites in circular orbits圆周轨道卫星的能量2.energy of objects moving through a changing gravitational fields运动物体通过变化重力场的能量3.5Apparent weight and weightlessness超重和失重1.apparent weight超重2.apparent weightlessness and true weightlessness失重和真正的失重Chapter4 Area of study 2：Electronics and photonics学习领域2：电子学和光子学4.1Analising electronics circuits1.Electronic review电子学回顾（电学回顾）2.positive terminal正极端3.negative terminal负极端4.electrical potential energy 电势能5.internal resistance of real battery电池内阻6.resistance of circuit电路电阻7.voltage 电压8.current电流9.swith开关10.bulb灯11.Capacitor电容器12.diode二极管13.variable resistor可变电阻（变阻器）14.fixed resistor定值电阻15.voltmeter电流表16.ohmmeter欧姆表17 .transistor晶体三极管18voltage dividers分压器19.output potential V输出电压20.input potential V输入电压21.thermistors and voltage dividing热敏电阻和电压划线22.multimeter万用表23.measuring voltage测电压（电压的测量）24.measuring current测电流（电流的测量）25.measuring resistance测电阻4.2Diodes二极管1.Ohmic and non-ohmic devices欧姆设备和非欧姆设备2.Ohmic resistors欧姆电阻器（线性电阻器）3.anode阳极（正极）4.cathode阴极（负极）5verctical deflection垂直偏转6.horizental deflection竖直偏转7.beam of electrons电子束8.phosphor screen荧光屏9.beam spot电子束光点10.cathode ray oscilloscope阴极射线示波器11.vaccum真空12.sawtooth waveform锯齿波4.3Amplfication放大（率）1.voltage amplifiers电压放大器2.Amplifier放大器3.small signal小信号4.larger output signal更大的输出信号5. in parallel并联的6.thermistors热敏电阻7.voltage gain电压增益8.transistor晶体管9.amplifier clipping限幅放大器10.saturation饱和11.collector集电极12.emitter发射极13.base基极14.peak最高点（波峰）Chapter5 Introducing photonic光子学介绍5.1photonics in telecommunication电信中的光子1.photon energy光子能2.wavelength波长3.optical spectrum光谱4.frequency频率5.information carrying capacity and the effect信息承载能力和皮肤效果6.optical fibre光纤7.photophone光线电话机5.2Optical transducers光学传感器1.optical detectors光检测器2.junction detectors ：photodiodes联接探测器:光电二极体3.phototransistors光敏晶体三极管（光电晶体管）4.optical source光源（光纤源）5.light-emitting diodes发光二极管6.laser diodes半导体激光二极管（二极管激光器）5.3Audio transmission via a light beam光束通过音频传输器 1.telecommunications system电信系统2.laser pointer激光棒3.uninterrupted laser beam连系激光束4.interrupted laser beam间断激光束5.microphone麦克风（扩音器） Chapter6 Area of study 3 ：Detailed studiesEinsteins special relativity爱因斯坦相对论1.two principles Einstein did not want to give up爱因斯坦不想放弃的两个原理2.Radical thinking激进思想3.Moving through space time穿越时空4.Galileos principle of relativity伽利略相对性原理5.The speed of light光速6.Maxwells conundrum麦克斯韦难题7.The Michelson morley experiment6.2Einsteincrazy idea爱因斯坦的疯狂思想1.the elegance of physics美妙（优雅）的物理学2.the special theory of relativity狭义相对论3.EinsteinGedanken train爱因斯坦Gedanken火车4.simultaneity and spacetime同时性和时空6.3.time is not what it seems时间并不是你想象的那样1.The light clock光时钟2.Einstenspace twins paradox爱因斯坦的双胞胎空间悖论3.relatively intuitive较为直观的6.4 time and space时间和空间1.proper time and length适当的时间和长度2.Four-dimensional spacetime四维时空6.5Momentu，energy and E=mc2 动量，能量和质能方程Chapter7 Materials and their use in structure材料和他们在建筑中的应用7.1.external force acting on materials作用于材料上的外力1.Tension张力（拉力）2.compression压缩3.Shear切变4.bending弯曲7.2 Stress and strength应力和强度1.caculating stress 计算应力2.composite material：reinforced concrete复合材料：钢筋混泥土7.3 strain张力7.4Youngs modulus杨氏模量1.brittle and ductile materials脆性和韧性材料7.5Strain energy and toughness应变