英语---如何做主旨大意题

Itisquitereasonabletoblametrafficjams,thecostofgasandthegreatspeedofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadarebecominghorrible.Everybodyknowsthatthenicestmenwouldbecomefiercetigersbehindthewheel.Itisallrighttohaveatigerinacage,buttohaveoneinthedriversseatinanothermanner.Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsense.IttakesHowever,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous.TypicalexamplesareAnexperiencesdriver,whosemannersarefaultless,toldmeitwouldhelp31.Thepassagemainlytalksabout_A.trafficjamsB.roadpolitenessC.GoodmannersD.moderndrivers,Itisquitereasonabletoblametrafficjams,thecostofgasandthegreatspeedofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadarebecominghorrible.Everybodyknowsthatthenicestmenwouldbecomefiercetigersbehindthewheel.Itisallrighttohaveatigerinacage,buttohaveoneinthedriversseatinanothermanner.Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsense.IttakesHowever,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous.TypicalexamplesareAnexperiencesdriver,whosemannersarefaultless,toldmeitwouldhelp31.Thepassagemainlytalksabout_A.trafficjamsB.roadpolitenessC.GoodmannersD.moderndrivers,HowToGetTheMainIdea?,如何做主旨大意题?,阅读中主旨大意题的题型分类,主旨题,标题类,文章主旨,段落主旨,1.文章主旨类试题常见的题干形式,(1)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?(2)Thepassagetalksabout.(3)Thepassagetellsusthat.(4)Thispassagemainlydealswith.(5)Whatsthemainidea/topicofthepassage?,(体现全面性,避免以偏概全),2.段落主旨类试题常见的题干形式,(1)Themainideaofthesecondparagraphprobablyisthat.(2)Whatisthelastparagraphchieflyconcernedwith?(3)WhichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizeParagraphone?(4)Whatsthemainideadiscussedinthefirstparagraph?,(体现针对性,避免张冠李戴),3.标题类试题常见的题干形式,(1)Thebesttitleforthispassageis.(2)Thesuitableheadlineforthispassagemaybe(3)Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideaofthepassageis.(4)Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?,(体现概括性,避免远离主题),Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease(illness),cancer,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smokerscough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?,议论文总-分-总,1Whatisthemainidea?A.cigarettesmokingcancausecancerB.smokingcancausethemostseriousandterribledisease(illness)C.smokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblemsD.smokingisharmful.,IntheUnitedStates,oldpeoplewhonolongerhaveanincomeorwhosufferfromalossofphysicalabilitiesareoftenforcedtogiveuplivingalone.Theymustleavetheirhomesanddependonsomeoneelsetogivethemaplacetoliveandtotakecareoftheirphysicalneeds:theymusteitherlivewithrelativesorliveinhomesfortheaged.Thislossofindependenceisamajorproblemfortheaged.2.Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainidea?A.OldpeopleintheUnitedStateswhoarepoororsickcannotlivealone.B.BeingunabletolivealoneisaseriousproblemforoldpeopleintheUnitedStates.C.Oldpeoplewhoarepoororsickshouldlivewiththeirrelatives,notinhomesfortheaged.D.IntheUnitedStates,oldpeoplewhoarepoororsickareforcedtoliveinhomesfortheaged.,Allcommunicationisatwo-wayprocessinvolvingaspeakerorwriterandlistenersorreaders(theaudience).Inwrittencommunication,becausetheaudienceisnotpresent,theaudienceiseasytoignore.However,thekindofaudienceyouwritefordetermineswhatyouwriteandhowyouwrite.IndescribingtheWorldSeriesbaseballchampionshiptoaBritishreader,youwouldhavetoincludedefinitions,explanations,andfactsthatareaderintheUnitedStateswouldnotneed.Similarly,ifyouwriteaboutcricket(aBritishsport)foranaudienceintheUnitedStates,youwouldneedtoincludealotofbasicinformation.3.Whichsentencebeststatesthemainideaoftheparagraph?A.Communicationisaprocessthatinvolvesspeakersandwriters.B.BritishreaderswouldneedspecialinformationtounderstandanarticleontheWorldSeries.C.Listenersandreadersarecalledtheaudience.D.Itisimportanttoconsideryouraudiencewhenyouwrite.,TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.4.Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat_.A.Tom,whohadstudiedatParisUniversitiesforfouryears,movedtoanotheruniversity.B.TombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfromHarvardLawSchoolandlaterfromBostonCollege.C.TomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedatBerlinuniversity.D.Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation.,解题技巧,一：识别文体,二：找主题句,几种常用文体特征？,新闻报道,导语提携全文,议论文,总-分-总,（论点论据结论）,说明文,主题句,（首中尾）,记叙文,记叙文六要素,Summary:Whereisthetopicsentence?,thefirstsentencethelastsentenceinthemiddleofapassageputseveralkeysentencestogethersumitupbyyourselfpayattentiontosomewords:but,however,thus,therefore，so,toconclude,inconclusion,Thereisasimpleeconomicprincipleusedtodetermineprices.Itiscalledthelawofsupplyanddemand.Supplymeanstheamountof,oraccessto,certaingoods.Demandrepresentsthenumberofpeoplewhowantthosegoods.Iftherearemoregoodsthanwanted,thepriceofthemfalls.Ontheotherhand,ifthedemandforthosegoodsismuchgreaterthanthesupply,thenpricerises.Ofcoursemanufacturersprefertosellmoregoodsatincreasedprices.5.Thebesttitleis_A)EconomicPrinciplesB)LawofSupplyandDemandC)MoreGoods,LowerPricesD)FewerGoods,HigherPrices,Tips:找主题句注意高频词,Titlesshouldbecompleteincludethemaininformation.accurateexpressthewritersopinionfullyandcorrectly.simpleeasytounderstandnewThetitleshouldbefashionable,attra