过去分词用法归纳.doc

.过去分词用法归纳 Mar 7, 2011过去分词主要表示被动，可表示发生在过去， 所以叫过去分词。也可以无时间概念，只表示被动。过去分词用法：状语、定语、补语、表语。一状语情况 1：表“被动”的状语从句可简化成过去分词做状语。表示条件、时间、让步的连词可保留，如if, when, although。 表原因的不保留，如because等。1) He wont go to the party tomorrow, if he is not invited. He wont go to the party, if not invited.2) When she was asked about her age, she kept silent. When asked about her age, she kept silent.3) Once it is formed, a bad habit is hard to kick.Once formed, a bad habit is hard to kick.进一步练习:1) If it is seen from the mountain, the city looks more beautiful. Seen from the mountain, the city looks more beautiful.2) If it is heated to 100 degrees Centigrade, water boils.Heated to 100 degrees Centigrade, water boils.3) The problems, if they are not solved properly, will seriously affect the relations of nations.The problems, if not solved properly, will seriously affect the relations of nations.4) Although he was warned of the danger, the boy still went skating on the ice. Although warned of the danger, the boy still went skating on the ice. 5) When he was dressed in a uniform, he looked more like a cook than a doctor.Dressed in a uniform, he looked more like a cook than a doctor.6) Because it is made of plastics, the machine is very light. Made of plastics, the machine is very light.7) Because it was written carelessly, your homework is full of mistakes.Written carelessly, your homework is full of mistakes.8) Because he was lost in thought, he almost ran into a car in front of him. Lost in thought, he almost ran into a car9) Because he was faced with a tough problem, the headmaster was having a hard time. Faced with a tough problem, the headmaster was having a hard time. 10) Because he is interested in English, he listens to VOA every day.Interested in English, he listens to VOA every day.但: 1) Before it is used, the machine must be tested. = Before being used, the machine must be tested.2) He was very unhappy after he was punished by his teacher.=He was very unhappy after being punished by his teacher.（说明：在第二种句式里before 和after 是介词。）情况2：过去分词表状态，词形被动，语义不被动。1) Dressed in red, she looks beautiful.2) Lost in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.3) Seated at the front of the classroom, he listened carefully to the teacher.4) Faced with so much trouble, he was not able to finish the work on time.情况3：表“被动”的并列句，可简化成过去分词做伴随状语。1) The teacher stood there and he was surrounded by the students.The teacher stood there, surrounded by the students.2) I didnt do it on purpose, said Harry and he was annoyed.I didnt do it on purpose, said Harry, annoyed.3) The man went to bed drunk.The man went to bed and he was drunk.进一步练习：1) After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home and he was exhausted.After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, exhausted. (04 上海)高考题：1） _ by the question, the speaker didnt know what to say.A. Having shocked B. Shocked C. Shocking D. Be shocked （ B ）2) No matter how frequently _, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. (2006广东卷) A. performed B. performing C. to be performed D. being performed ( A )3) _ last month, the book is ready for printing. A. Completed B. Being completed C. Having completed D. To complete ( A)4) _ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. (06福建) A. Blaming B. Blamed C. To blame D. To be blamed ( B )5) _ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. (05上海) A. Put B. Putting C. Having put D. Being put ( A )6) When first _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. (04吉林) A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced ( B )7) _ time, hell make a first-class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given8) Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. (03上海) A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken ( B )9) When _, the museum will be open to the public next year. (02上海) A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed ( A )10) The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. (02上海) A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun ( D )二定语过去分词做定语，相当于一个表“被动”的定语从句。1) Lost time is lost forever.= Time which is lost is lost forever.2) There are several programs that are broadcast in English.= There are several programs broadcast in English.3) The net bar, which was opened last month, is popular with the middle school students nearby.= The net bar, opened last month, is popular with the middle school students nearby.4) The young lady, who is dressed in white, is my daughters English teacher.= The young lady, dressed in white, is my daughters English teacher.高考难题：1) - Can those _ at the back of the classroom hear me? (2008)- No problem. A. seat B. sit C. seated D. sat （ C；seated = who are seated ）2) Five people won the “Chinas Green Figure” award, a title _ to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection. A. being given B. is given C. given D. was given ( C; given = which is given)3) There have been several new events (项目) _ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. (2006北京卷)A. add B. to add C. adding D. added ( D )4）For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit _ on his own farm. (09北京) A. grown B. being grown C. to be grown D. to grow ( A )5) The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. (04上海) A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded ( A )6) Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining company, _ as 3M. (04浙江) A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known ( B )特殊情况1: 不及物动词的过去分词表“完成”，不表 “被动”。fallen leavesa developed countryboiled waterthe risen suna fully-grown boya retired workera learned mana drunken mana faded coat特殊情况2：过去分词无时间性的情况。a wounded soldier; spoken English; written English; broken English; a broken heart;a broken glass；a closed window; respected scientists; experienced travelers; talented journalists; 附加课本原句如下：1） Chen wrote about the efforts to bring stolen cultural relics back to China. (Book II Unit 2)2） Should you have enough energy left after a day on the slopes, you can take a dip in the pool, work out at the gym or go dancing in one of the citys many hotels and clubs. (Book II Unit 15)3） His grave is the richest of any found from that period. (Book II Unit 20)4） Among the many objects found at Jinsha, one piece, called a cong by ancient Chinese, was not made in Sichuan.5） Everything found in the mans grave was probably given to him for his use in the next life.6） They found a hole filled with more than 400 jade objects.7） The injustices in the city and in the South led Dr King to organize non-violent demonstrations aimed at ending segregation. (Book II Unit 16)8） This phenomenon, sometimes called wanderlust, may explain why people spend so much money on trips to interesting places. (Book II Unit 15)9） Copacabana, also known as the “Princess of the Sea”, has just celebrated its one hundredth birthday and is more beautiful than ever.10) The festival, known as Carnival, is one of the worlds most famous a