英语冠词的用法.doc

英语冠词的用法一|、导入：冠词，是用来表示名词特性的一种词，也就是说，冠词是一个虚词，本身无词义，也不能单独使用，它用在名词之前，限定名词的意义，如果用了a /an /the，不管后面是什么词，都变成了名词。冠词可分为不定冠词a / an、定冠词the、和零冠词(不用冠词)三类。二、知识梳理(一)、不定冠词的用法:1、a / an 用在单数可数名词前面，表示这个人或事物是泛指的不确定的一个，相当于中文的“一个”。通常在第一次提到某人或某物时用a / an I gave him a book yesterday. I am reading an interesting story.I have got a ticket. There is a tree in front of my house.用在不可数名词前面意义上也有变化如wood 木头, a wood 一片树林power威力, a power大国 / beauty 美丽, a beauty美人, a strong wind 一阵强风2、a 用在读音为辅音开头的名词之前, 而 an 用在读音为元音开头的名词之前。例如： a university (虽然u 是元音字母，但不读元音。) an hour (虽然h 不是元音，但单词读音是元音开头)3、用其中的任何一个，代表他们所属种类的特性。A horse is useful to mankind. 马对人类有用。A bird can fly. 鸟会飞。A steel worker makes steel. 炼钢工人炼钢。4、用在事物的度量单位前, 如时间、 速度、 价格等, 表示 每一个。We often go to school two times a day. I went to the library once a week at least. 5、用于某些特定的词组。例如：a few 几个， a little 有点，等等。She has a few friends in this city.There is a little milk in the bottle.Only a few students are in the classroom. 当有such what many so how too quiet rather very修饰时He left in such a hurry that he forgot to close the door.What an interesting book it is!Many a man has gone to big cities for work.She was so nice a girl that she took the blind man to the station.How nice a film this is!Quite a good bookRather a /a rather useful toolA very interesting story.(二)、定冠词的用法1、特指某(些)人某(些)事物，双方都知道的人或物或再次提到，基本上所有名词前都可用。 The bag in the desk is mine.Is this the book you are looking for? Do you know the man in back? It is not the car we are looking for.The man has found his child. I saw a film yesterday. The film was ended at eight oclock.Lucy bought a radio yesterday,but she found something was wrong with the radio.2、用在西洋乐器前如play the piano/violin/guitar/drum I like playing the piano3、用于表示世界上独一无二的事物或用于自然界现象或方位名词之前。这些事物当然是特指的事物，不可能有两个以上。如the sunthe moonthe earth the skythe worldthe winter nightThe sun is bigger than the moon. I can see a bird in the sky. I like to have a walk with the bright moon light in the evening. 4、定冠词与单数名词连用, 也可以表示这一类人或事物。The dog is not too danger. The cat is an animal. 。The umbrella in the shop is very cheap in this season. 5、定冠词与形容词连用, 可表示某一类人或事物。如the poor the rich the old the young the blind The wounded were brought to the hospital. He always helps the poor. The deaf can go to this special school. 6、the 用在姓名复数之前, 表示一家人。 The Greens is very kind to us. The Whites like the classic music. 。6、用在比较级、最高级或序数词前the +比较级 the +比较级 表示越越the longer you stay, the better it will be She said thee best way to learn English was by reading English magazine.The first lesson is easy.7、用在定语从句或介词短语所修饰的名词前The girl in red is her friend.(三)、不用冠词(零冠词)1、人名、地名、国名等专有名词前通常不用冠词：Mike is English, but he likes Beijing opera 2、头衔，职位，称呼前一般不加冠词：The guards took the American to General Lee.This is Doctor LiIn 1860, Lincoln became President of the United States.We made him head of our class.3、三餐、球类、学科前不用冠词，如have breakfast/lunch/supper 、play football/basketball/soccer /volleyball/tennisDinner is ready, Lets hurry up.I often play football with my friends.We all like English 4、交通工具之后不用冠词，如by bus/plain/train/air/ boat/ ship/bikeEveryday I go to school by bus. Did you come back by plane or by train?5、表泛指一类或一般概念不用冠词：Horses are useful animals. Failure is the mother of success. He is fond of music. 6、已经有代词、所有格等修饰时，不用冠词My mother and father are school teachers.Do you want to know about my morning?This is Li Mings book6、不是特定的节日、日期、星期、季节、年份、月份等名词前不用冠词，如Womens Day、Christmas Day、April FoolsDay、National Day、Christmas DayJune 1 is Christmas Day. It is Tuesday.Winter has come, is spring still far away? He came here in 2016.7、 序数词作副词时，前不用冠词：He came first in the race. Work must come first.8. 一些固定词组中不用冠词，如go to bed, go to school, at night注意区别有些词组中，有冠词和无冠词意思不同，in front of 在前面, in the front of 在范围内的前部go to hospital去医院看病go to the hospital 去医院 go to bed 去睡觉 go to the bed去床边at table 吃饭 at the table 在桌边 at school上学 at the school在学校三、随堂检测1. Tomorrow is _ Teachers Day and well make _ card for our English teacher.2. The bus is running about seventy miles_ hour.3. Mary is interested in _ science.4. Some people dont like to talk at _ table.5. Last night I went to_ bed very late.6. Dont worry. We still have _ little time left.7. What _ beautiful day! And what _ fine weather!8. In _ winter it is cold in _ Beijing and warm in _Shanghai.9. John is_ cleverest boy in his class.10. We cant live without _ water or _ air.11. Tomorrow Mr. Smith will leave Paris, _capital of_ France, for Washington by_ air.12. We were having_ lunch when they came in.13. This is _ book you gave me last week.14. What did you do _ last Saturday?15. March 8 is _ Womens Day.16. If _ weather is fine tomorrow, we will go to the park.17. I prefer playing _ piano to playing _ basketball.18. At