疑问词+to-do.ppt

8BUnit4Grammar,A.Usingquestionwords+to-infinitives,Howcanweformquestionwords+toinfinitives?,Questionwords,whenwhathowwhowherewhich,why+todo,要说什么何时出发去参观什么地方如何使用电脑选择哪个照顾谁要学什么语言要走哪条路要借谁的书需要邀请多少学生需要准备多少水,whattosaywhentoleavewheretovisithowtousethecomputerwhichtochoosewhotolookafterwhatlanguagetolearnwhichwaytotakewhosebooktoborrowhowmanystudentstoinvitehowmuchwatertoprepare,whatnottosay,Canyoumakeupsentences?,这本说明书告诉我们要做什么，不要做什么。这个孩子太小，他不知道什么地方该去什么地方不该去。我不知道向谁求助。他不知道该查哪本字典。,v.:advise,ask,decide,discuss,findout,forget,know,learn,remember,say,show,teach,think,understand,wonderadj.:sure,clear,P55,whichtoreadwheretofindhowtotravelwhentohandinwhattowriteaboutwhotoaskfor,Furtherthinking,Suzywillexplainwhysherecommendsthisbook.,Milliehasdecidedwhattoread.Danieldidnotsaywhototalktoaboutthisbook.Simonforgotwhentomeethisfriends.Kittycannotdecidewhichtochoosefirst.Sandyiswonderingwheretoaskforhelp.Amydoesnotknowhowtowritethereport.,Milliehasdecidedwhatshewillread.,Danieldidntsaywhohewilltalktoaboutthisbook.,Simonforgotwhenhewouldmeethisfriends.,Kittycannotdecidewhichshewillchoosefirst.,Sandyiswonderingwhereshewillaskforhelp.,Amydoesntknowhowshewillwritethereport.,Thisweek,wewillhaveatriptothecountryside.Beforegoingthere,weneedtodosomepreparations.Whatshouldwegetready?,Weshouldknowwhentoleaveforthecountryside.,动词不定式,Todothatsortofthingisfoolish。,Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.,Allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.,Wefoundahousetolivein.,ShecameheretostudyEnglish.,Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwateraftertheoperation.,主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾补,作主语,Tomasteraforeignlanguageisreallyimportantnowadays.,Togiveupsmokingisright.,1.当今掌握一门外语真的很重要。,2.放弃吸烟是对的。,Its+adj.+todosth,作宾语,Freddidnthaveanymoney,sohedecidedtolookforajob.,Hepromisednottotellanyoneaboutit.,1.Fred没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。,2.他答应不告述任何人这事。,作表语,MyjobistoteachEnglish.,Toseeistobelieve.,1.我的工作是教英语。,2.眼见为实。,Mydream/work/dutyis.,作定语,Doyouhaveanythingtosay?,1.你有什么要说的吗?,2.Betty是第一个知道这真相的人,Bettywasthefirsttoknowthetruth,作状语,Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.Theyjumpedwithjoytohearthenews.Imtootiredtowalkanyfurthertonight.,目的状语.,原因状语.,结果状语,作宾补,Sheaskedmetostaythere.,1.她叫我呆在这儿。,2.请允许我介绍Mr.White给你们。,PleaseallowmetointroduceMr.Whitetoyou.,ask,advise,teach,tell,promise,show+sb.+todo,注意,A.有些动词后面的不定式不带to，如feel（一感）hear,listento（二听）make,have,let（三让）see,watch,notice,observe（四看）.,Iheardthemsingapopsong.Theteachermademeanswerthequestion.Wewatchedthemplayfootball.,注意,B.动词不定式的否定式只须在to前加not.,Myfatherdecidednottotakeupthejob.,Theteachertoldusnottobelateagain.,注意,C.作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式常常省去to后面的动词，只保留to。,A:Wouldyouliketocometomyparty?,Marywantedtousemybike,butIaskedhernotto(usemybike).,B:Yes,Idloveto(cometoyourparty).,Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。,Modelverbs,must,haveto,dontneedto,donthaveto,Mustsb?,Do/Doessb.haveto?,(必须),(不得不),表示义务、命令或必要，后面接动词原形。Soldiersmustobeyorders.Wemustkeepourword.2.must用在否定句结构中表示“不允许、禁止”Hemustnotleavehisroom.Youmustntsmokeintheoffice.,must的用法,3.must用在一般疑问句中，肯定回答用must，否定回答用neednt或donthavetoMustIhanditinbeforefive?No,you_.Yes,you_.,youneednt./donthaveto,youmust,haveto的用法,haveto由have+todo组成。因此具有have的各种时态。Heisaninvalidandhastohaveanurse.Sheknewwhatshehadtodo.Ishallhavetoreconsidermyposition.Heisalwayshavingtoexercisejudgment.,must和haveto的区别,含义不同：must表示说话人的主观思想，强调个人意志和主观的决心。haveto侧重于客观上的必要，强调客观条件作用的结果。Youmustdoitnow.Ihavetogonow.,3.否定含义不同在否定句中,haveto表示不需要，must则表示不允许。Youdonthavetogothere.Youmustntgothere.,2.适用时态不同must只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时（在间接引语中）haveto可用于更多的场合。ShesaidshemustdowellinherEnglish.,BUsingmustandhaveto,Weusemustandhavetotosaythatitisnecessarytodosomething,Havetohasdifferentforms,hastohadtowillhavetohave/hasgotto,Tip1,mustnot=mustntdonothaveto=donthaveto,Tip2,Weusehavetowhenthesituationmakessomethingnecessary.Ihavetousethemtoreachtheboxonthefridge.Shehastotakeherdaughterfromschoolintheafternoon.,Weusemustwhenthespeakerfeelsthatsomethingisnecessary.Imustrunawayfromthem,Gulliverthought.,Weusemustnottosaythatsomethingisnotallowed.Youmustnotsmokeinthelibrary.,Weusedonothavetotosaythatitisnotnecessarytodosomething.Wedonothavetogotoschoolatweekends.,You(1)_keepquietinthelibrary.You(2)_keepthebookscleanandtidy.You(3)_draworwriteinthebooks.You(4)_eatordrinkinthelibrar,Libraryrules,AmyistellinghercousinShirleysomelibraryrules.Completewhatshesayswithmust,mustnot,havetoordonothaveto.,must,must,mustnt,mustnt,You(5)_returnthebooksontime.Ifyouwanttokeepthemlonger,you(6)_renewthem.You(7)_bringyourstudentcardeverytimeyougotothelibrary,butremembertobringyourlibrarycard.,must,haveto,donthaveto,同义句转换。,Exercise,Gulliverdidnotknowwherehecouldfindotherpeople.Gulliverdidnotknow_otherpeople.2.Gulliverwonderedwhohecouldaskforhelp.Gulliverwondered_help.,wheretofind,whotoaskfor,3.Gulliverdidnotknowhowhecouldbreaktheropes.Gulliverdidnotknow_theropes.4.Gulliverfoundoutwhathecoulddowiththetinyman.Gulliverfound_withthetinyman.5.GulliverdecidedwhenheshouldleaveLilliput.Gulliverdecided