写作中高级词汇和短语的使用

写作中高级词汇和短语的使用 1、使用高级词汇使用高级词汇并不是用偏词、难词，而是一些运用得体的习惯表达方式。像access, available, annoyed, appealing, charming, cute, confused, contact, challenging, considerably, consequently, demanding, essential, exceptional, fascinated, locate, participate, quit, significant, schedule, terrific, 等单词，均可视作高级词汇。1）用短语代替单词典型例题 I have made up my mind to study English better this term. (同义词：decide)典型例题 I have no idea how to enlarge my vocabulary. (同义词：dont know)典型例题 A burning cigarette end resulted in/led to the big fire. (同义词：cause)典型例题 Since my childhood I have been fond of music. (同义词：like)典型例题 We will take the matter into account(consideration). (同义词：consider)2）善用小词在写作中巧用、活用某些小词，常常会起到画龙点睛、四两拨千斤的作用。典型例题2005 saw the successful launch of Shenzhou VI in China.（动词see）典型例题At the news of his death I was shocked. (名词词组at the news of)典型例题No one can enter the office without permission. 典型例题They returned home, safe and sound. (形容词做状语)3）巧用习语（idiom）英语中有大量习语，如果运用得当，则可大大增加文章的感染力,在平时的学习过程中不断积累。典型例题What she explained doesnt hold water. 她的解释站不住脚。典型例题Many families struggle to make ends meet. 很多家庭只能勉强维持生计。典型例题I dont know why she is always in low spirits. 我不知道她为什么总是情绪低落。典型例题He turned a deaf ear to what I said. 他对我的话一点也听不进去。典型例题This sentence doesnt make sense. 这个句子讲不通。2、使用复合句复合句可以把结构松散的句子连接起来。高考写作中用到的复合句包括下列几种：1） 定语从句典型例题The girl is spoken highly of. Her composition was well written.(一般)The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of.(高级)2） 状语从句典型例题After I enter college, I plan to set new goals in my study and improve my way of learning.3）名词性从句典型例题 Xiao Ming was always late for school. His teacher didnt know why. His teacher didnt know why Xiao Ming was always late for school.3、使用惯用句型1）强调句典型例题He didnt finish his task until midnight.It was not until midnight that he finished his task.3） 倒装句典型例题I was not able to see him again until he came back from abroad.Not until he came back from abroad was I able to see him again.3）分词短语、由with或without引导的短语典型例题The driver escaped and didnt stop; he left the old man lying on the road. The driver escaped without stopping, leaving the old man lying on the road. 典型例题We sang and danced. We told jokes and stories. We had a good time.We had great fun singing and dancing, telling jokes and stories.典型例题My father sat in the sofa. He was smoking and reading a newspaper.My father was smoking in the sofa with a newspaper in his hand4） 被动句典型例题We will hold the party on Saturday afternoon.The party will be held on Saturday afternoon.4、适当运用过渡手段过渡词语（也称为衔接词）能起到连接句与句或段与段的中间媒介作用，如果使用恰当，就能增强文章的连贯性，使整篇文章顺畅自然，严密紧凑。1） 表示起始的过渡词语first of all, above all, to begin with, in my opinion, according to, as far as等2）表示时间的过渡词语first ,then, later, meanwhile, at last, in the end, finally, after that, since then, for the first time, as soon as, the next moment等3）表示空间的过渡词语near, next to, far from, on the left, to the right of, on one side ofon the ether side of, at the foot/top/end of, in the middle of4）表示因果的过渡词语so, thus, therefore, as a result (of),because of, thanks to5）表示转折的过渡词语but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, in spite of, in fact等6）表示列举的过渡词语like, unlike, for example, takeas an example, such as, that is, as follows, in other words, and so on7）表示递进的过渡词语still, also, besides, moreover, whats more, further more, on one handon the other hand, in addition, as well, not onlybut also8）表示总结的过渡词语in a word, in short, in brief, in general, on the whole, to sum up练习一、按要求改写下列句子。 1) English is widely used in the world. Most business letters are written in English. (合并为并列句)2) People thought of some ways to solve the problem. These solutions didnt work. (合并为并列句) 3) I suggest that you visit the Great Wall. It has a history of more than two thousand years. (合并为定语从句) 4） July 11 has been named the Sailing Day in our country since 2005. Zheng He began his famous voyage on July 11. (合并为定语从句) 5) I will not be able to meet you at the airport. I have some experiments to do that day.(合并为状语从句) 6）The problem was complicated. He solved it in only two hours with a computer. (合并为状语从句) 7) In the past five years, there have been changes in peoples diet. It is a fact.(合并为名词性从句) 8) The weather was fine. We went to visit the ZhongShan Park. (独立主格结构) 9) You should never give up when you are faced with difficulties. (非谓语+倒装句) 10) When a man and a woman meet, the woman first offers her hand. (改为强调句) 11) 众所周知, 吸烟危害健康。（一句多译） 二、完成句子1. Because the weather was good, our journey was comfortable._,our journey was comfortable.2.We all think he is a great man.We all _3.Suddenly I thought out a good idea. _4.The students there neednt pay for their books. _.5. As a result the plan was a failure._6. When she heard he had died, she went pale with sorrow._, she went pale with sorrow.7. She went to Austria in order to study music. She went to Austria_8. When he spoke, he felt more and more excited_9. In our school, there are twenty-six classrooms._.10.You can find my house easily. _ 11 When he arrives, please give me an e-mail._12. To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.（使用名词性从句）_13. Though Im weak, Ill make the effort. (使用倒装句)_14. He did not know what had happened until he had read the news in the newspaper.(使用强调句型) _ 15. I passed the physics exam because of your help.(用虚拟语气）_ 16. She walked out of the lab and many students followed her. (使用过去分词)_17. They sang and laughed as they went back to school.( 使用V-ing形式)_18.I wont believe what he says. （使用状语从句）_ 19.If you study hard, you will make rapid progress. （用并列句）_20He had no sooner come back from Beijing than he was sent abroad. (使用倒装句)_ 附：高中英语常用的重要句型1. It was not until midnight that he finished his task.2. Not until he came back from abroad was I able to see him again.3. The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.4. He walked around the house, gun in hand.5. May you be in good health!6. Wish you a pleasant journey back home!7. The professor was a humorous man with big nose and deep-set eyes.8. What surprised me most was his imagination and patience.9. He lay on the grass, with his eyes looking at the sky and his hands under his head.10. Sitting under the tree are Mr. Green and his first teacher.11. On the wall hang two pictures of famous scientists.12. Looking back upon those past years, he couldnt help feeling very proud.13. No sooner(Hardly) had he arrived at the theatre than(when) the play started.14. Young as he is, he has learned