Unit12 Out of StepPPT幻灯片

Unit12TextI,OutofStepFromImaStrangerHereMyself(1999)byBillBryson,1,TheAuthor:BillBryson（1951-）,Awell-knownAmericantravelwriterandhumorist,BillBrysoncantdecidewheretolive-England,Australia,Iowa,NewHampshire-itsreallyatoughdecision.But,ashepointsoutinhisbook,ImAStrangerHereMyself,nomatterwhereBillis,Billsastranger.MichaelFeldman,2,Pre-readingquestions,ItissaidthattheUnitedStatesisanationonthewheel.HowimportantdoyouthinkthecarisforanordinaryAmerican?(link1)2.Whendoyouprefertowalk,andwhendoyoudrive?Doyouthinkpeoplewillbecomeover-reliantoncarsinthefuture?,3,CulturalPointsforReference,1.USA:anationonwheels?1)USA,acountryofvastterritory:3,615,123sq.mi.(9,375,720sq.km.)Cf:AlmostaslargeaswholeEurope:9,900,000sqkm;38timesofthattheUK:244,820sqkm;17ofFrance,thelargestcountryinWestEurope:547,030sqkm),4,CulturalPointsforReference,2)IdeallivingenvironmentformanyAmericans:toescapebothisolationandcrowds.Peoplehaveflockedtothesuburbs.Thereisnothingbutcarthatcanmakeitpossibleforthemtomovearoundeasilylivinginsuburbs.3)Caralsoenablespeopletokeepawaycomfortablyfromthecrowdsinpublictransportation,whichobviouslycaterstotheprivacy-consciousAmericans.,5,CulturalPointsforReference,4)Foracountrythatmovesgenerallyaccordingtoschedules,beingpunctualishighlyvalued.Therefore,itseemstothemabsolutelyreasonabletodriveanywhereanytimeformeeting“anappointment”eveniftheplaceiswithinwalkingdistance.ItisPerhaps,formostofAmericans,itisnotamatterofdistance,butamatterofvalues.Thesameistrueoftheirdrivingto“walk”aswalkingisjustanitemontheirschedule.,6,CulturalPointsforReference,5)Apeoplethatregardtravelasanindispensablepartoftheirlife;apeoplethatvaluefreedommorethananythingelse.“IfyouanAmerican,youtravelasmuchasyoucan;ifyouareAmerican,youtravelinyourowncar.”ItisnotuncommonatallforAmericanpeopletodrivefor5ormorehourstohavelunchordinnerwithafriendandthendrivebackfortheirfavoriteNBAgamesathome.ZhouPingfromherpersonalexperience,7,CulturalPointsforReference,6)Thenthereistheproblemofpublictransportationandpedestrianpaths.“Ihaventtakenthetrainfornearly20years.NoreasonwhyIshouldnow.”Iusedtohearpeoplesay.Indeed,formanypeoplelivingfarawayfromthetrainstation,caristheonlyvehiclethattakesthemfromplacetoplace.Besides,itismuchcheaperandquickertomovearoundbydrivingacarthantakingthetrain.Thatiswhymoreconsiderationsaregiventodriversthantopedestrianswhosevoiceishardlyaudible.,8,CulturalPointsforReference,Problemswiththe“CarCulture”air-pollutionobesity:noteveryonecanaffordtoreduceweightinagymnasium.trafficjams,parkingproblems,aboveall,trafficaccidentstherightsofthepedestriansneglected,9,CulturalPointsforReference,2.knowledgeofthenamesofplacesinUSA2.1N.H.Trytofigureoutafewmoreabbrevs.forUSstates:AL,AK,DC,FL,GA,ME,MN,NV,NJetc)(link1)AndnamesofthesixstatesinNewEngland?（MapofNE)(MapofUSA:,10,CulturalPointsforReference,2.3DartmouthCollege:oneofthebestartcollegesintheworld.,11,CulturalPointsforReference,2.4RoseyJekesCaf:alocalcafReaditsadsfrominternet:InternationalstyleandaEuropeancafeEmail:Phone:603-643-3693Address:15LebanonStreetHanover,NH03755,12,CulturalPointsforReference,2.5TheNuggetTheatre:Achaintheatreformoviesfoundedinearly20thcentandseeneverywhereinthecountry.2.6Murphys:MurphysIrishRed(1856-),classicalbrandofbeer.,MurphysontheGreen:aRestaurantinHanover,13,StylisticandStructuralanalysisofthetext,Styleofwriting:ItisacasualessaypointingoutthesadfactthattheAmericansareover-reliantoncarsandtheywalktoolittle.Itispersonalinperspective.Thelanguageandstructurearefamiliar(notacademic)ingeneralthoughspecific/big/academicorwordsofforeignoriginsareemployedhereandtheretoachieveasenseofhumor(debonair,unfurl,ludicrous,extravagant,notionetc).Theideasinthetextarenotpresentedbymeansoflogicalargumentbutthroughpersonalexperiencesorfirst-handobservations.Nosolutiontotheproblemsisproposedbytheauthorintheend.,14,StylisticandStructuralanalysisofthetext,Structures:Ideasaredevelopedbymeansofexamples:e.g.Ps1-6:IntroducetheideahowmuchtheAmericansrelyoncarsfortheirdailylifewithhispersonalexperiencesinthesmalltownHanover.-Asmalltownconvenientforpeopletogetanywhereonfoot,butnobodywalked.-Whentheauthorandhiswife“walked”inthestreets,theywerethought“eccentric”:rarespeciesofintheworldmovingonwheels.-Theirchoicenottousecarswashardtobeunderstood.,15,Studyofthetext,Warm-upexercises:1)Howtodividethetext?SectionI?SectionII?SectionIII?2)Whatissaidineachofthesections?(studentsworkfirst),16,StylisticandStructuralanalysisofthetext,ThreesectionsofthetextI:Para1-6:theauthorintroducestheideathatover-dependenceoncarsisacceptedasabsolutelynormalinAmerica(otherwise“eccentric”)II:Para7-13:TheauthorpresentsthefactthattheAmericansarehabituatedtousingcarsforeverything.III:Para14-20:theauthorexplainsthatpedestrianfacilitiesareneglectedordiscarded.,17,Text:SectionI:overallcomprehension,Comprehensionquestions(Para1-6):Whatkindoftownisit?Whatisconsideredtheauthors“eccentricbehavior”?Whywoulddrivers“departreluctantly”whentheirofferwasdeclined?(link2forreferenceanswers),18,Text:SectionI:Languagework,sedate:a.tendingtoavoidexcitementorgreatactivityandtobecalmandrelaxed.安静的,镇静的e.g.Sheisasedateoldlady;sheiscaringbutnevertalksmuch.v.tomakecalmorsleepy,espwithadruge.g.Thepatientwasheavilysedatedandrestingquietlyinbed.Wordderivation:sedatelyad,sedationn.,sedativea./n.,19,Text:SectionI:Languagework,Compactcloselyandfirmlyunitedorpackedtogether.紧凑的,紧密的,简洁的e.g.Hereceivedacompactpackage.n.asignedwrittenagreementbetweentwoormoreparties(nations)toperformsomeaction合约，条约;asmallcosmeticscasewithamirror;tobecarriedinawomanspurse.e.g.TheCommonwealthagreedtomakeacompactwiththiscountry.womenspowdercompact,20,Text:SectionI:Languagework,Venerable:Deservingrespectbecauseofage;highpositionorreligiousorhistoricalimportance.a.庄严的,值得尊敬的e.g.Wealllistenedtothevenerablescholarwithawe.Virtually:inessenceoreffectbutnotinfacte.g.Itisvirtuallyimpossibletopredictthefutureaccurately.,21,Text:SectionI:Languagework,Debonair/debn/:(fromOF)havingacheerful,lively,andself-confidentair高兴的(心情愉快的),殷勤的，温文尔雅的e.g.Hestrolledabout,lookingverydebonairinhiselegantnewsuit.Cappuccino/kpti:n/:coffeemixedortoppedwithsteamedmilkorcream.,22,Text:SectionI:Languagework,Eccentric:n.apersonwithanunusualoroddpersonality;unconventional,orunusualorslightlystrange.e.g.Theclubseemedfullofeccentrics.Sheisaneccentricoldlady.Pullup:etoahaltafterdrivingsomewhere;straightenoneself;n.aroadsidecafeespeciallyforlorrydrivers.e.g.Thedrivinginstructortoldmetopullupatthepostoffice.,23,Text:SectionI:Languagework,Curb:alineofraisedstonesseparatingthefootpathfromtheroad.(Link3:pictureofacurb),24,Text:SectionI:Paraphrase,apleasant,sedateandcompacttownaleafyresidentialneighborhoodIwouldntdreamofgoingtoanyoftheseplacesbycar.Peoplehavegottenusedtomyeccentricbehavior.Theywoulddepartreluctantly,evenguiltilyasifleavingthesceneofanaccidentwithoutgivingtheirname.(Link4:referenceanswersforparaphrase),25,Text:SectionII:overallcomprehension,Questionsfordiscussion(Paras7-13)Whatisthemainideaofthepart?Howdoestheauthorsupportthisideainthispart?Whyaretheexamplesdescribedindetail?(Studentsworkfirst.Link2:Referenceanswers.),26,Text:SectionII:LanguageWork,Habituate:becomeaccustomedbyfrequentrepetitionoprolongedexposure.e.g.Youshouldhabituateyourselftoreadingaloud,Bytheendofthisterm,thestudentshavehabituatedtosubmittingtheirhomeworkthroughemail.Syn:have/become/getdto:getaccustomedto,getusedto;,27,Text:SectionII:LanguageWork,occur:v.happenoccurtosb.:cometoonesmind;cometopasse.g.Diditevertoyoutoreporttothepolicewhenyoupassedthesceneoftheaccident?Unfurl/nf:l/(fromL.firmus:totie;madewithEngpref.“un”;uncommonword):unfold,orspreadoutorbeunrolled.,28,Text:SectionII:LanguageWork,Van(Link5:acar,atruck,or?Seeapicture)Contortion:movementofthebodyorfaceintoanunusualshapeorposition.Thespectatorscannotbutadmirethesofthegymnasts.Cf:distort,twist,deform,contort,warpTheseverbsmeantochangeandspoiltheformorcharacterofsth.,29,Text:SectionII:LanguageWork,Ludicrous:(FromL.meaninggame)causinglaughter;veryfoolish;ridiculouse,g.Howitwastoleavethesubstanceofpowerinasingleruler!Pop:out:appearsuddenlyorunexpectedlyTherabbitspoppedoutassoonasweopenedthehutch.n.babywordforfather;shortformfor“popular”,30,Text:SectionII:LanguageWork,Thethingis:Whatmatters;Whatisimportantise.g.Thethingisnottointerrupthimwhilehestalking.要紧的是Extravagant:exceedingwhatisreasonableorappropriate;奢侈的,浪费的;过分的e.g.Hemakesthemostextravagantclaimsforhisnewsystem.Dontbesoextravagant;spendyourmoneymorecarefully.,31,Text:SectionII:LanguageWork,Squash(Link6:pictureofSquashGame)Treadmill(Link6:picturesoftreadmill)Simple-minded:acaseofeuphemismfor“ignorant”Confess:confesstoapunishableorreprehensibledeed,usuallyunderpressure;confesstoGodinthepresenceofapriest,asintheCatholicfaith(忏悔)e.g.Heconfessedthathehadneverseenherbefore.Cf:admit:declaretobetrueoradmittheexistenceorrealityortruthofe.g.Imustadmit,itsmoredifficultthanIthoughtitwouldbe.,32,Text:SectionII:LanguageWork,Deficient:inadequateinamountordegreeinthisregard:atthispointe.g.Inthisregard,thechildmaybethoughtofashavingtwohomes.就这一点而言，Ifeelquitesatisfactoryinthisregard.,33,Text:SectionII:LanguageWork,Grammar:asif:conj.+asent.orellipticalformofasent(subjmoodisusedwhenitisdefinitelyimpossible)e.g.Itwashehadlosthislastfiendintheworld.Heran(hewere)chasingbyaghost.Itseemedthedaywouldneverend.Itseemsasifheknowseverything.Itlooksasifitisntcleanenoughtobathehere.,34,Text:SectionII:Paraphrase,becomesohabituatedtousingthecarthatitdoesntoccurtoustounfurlourlegsandseewhatthoselowerlimbscando.WewillgothroughthemostextraordinarycontortionstoAndthethingis,thismanlookedreallyfit.jogsextravagantdistanceShelookedatmeasifIweretragicallysimple-minded.andIcanadjustitfordegreeofdifficultyIconfessithadneveroccurredtomehowthoughtlesslydeficientnatureisinthisregard.(Link4:referenceanswers),35,Text:SectionIII:overallcomprehension,Comprehensionquestions(Paras14-20)Whatdoesthissectiontalkabout?Whydidtheauthorsay“Actually”,Imsurpriseditwaswhatmuch?WhydidLaconiachangeitsdowntownpedestrianmalltoonewithparkinglots?(Link2:referenceanswers),36,Text:SectionIII:LanguageWork,Concerned(here):feelingorshowingworryorsolicitudee.g.Concernedparentsheldameeting.忧心忡忡的家长们开了一次会。,37,Text:SectionIII:LanguageWork,Editorial:n.anarticlegivingopinionsorperspectives（社论);a.relatingtoorcharacteristicofaneditore.g:TheisentitledBring/drivesthhometosb:tomakesbrealizesthTheeditorialbroughthometomethatthegovernmentdidspendsomemoneyonthepedestrianfacilitiesthoughverylittle.TheprofessordrovehometothestudentsthattheyhavetofinishthewritingassignmentbyFriday.,38,Text:SectionIII:LanguageWork,Motel(pictureofamotel)Skip:passover;gowithoutDodge:movetoandfroorfromplacetoplaceusuallyinanirregularcourseinordertoavoidsth;makeaquickevasivemovemente.g.Hedodgedthefallingrockandescapedunhurt.Shewassharp