名词性从句完整

,名词性从句,NounClauses,英语组：任秀敏,2,1.Dontputofftilltomorrowwhatshouldbedonetoday.2.Dontclaimtoknowwhatyoudontknow.,Guessthemeaningoftheseproverbs,今日事，今日毕,不要不懂装懂,名词性从句,一、相关概念及种类二、常见引导词（重点）三、七大常考考点（重点/难点）1.thatwhatwhich2.it形式主语、宾语的用法3.语序问题4.同位语从句和定从的区别5.whatwhatever6.ifwhether7.名词性从句中的虚拟语气问题,Learningtargets,一.相关概念,1.名词：表示人或事物的名称的词2.名词的句法作用：名词在句中主要作主语,宾语,表语和同位语等。3.名词性从句：在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫:名词性从句。,1.Whenwewillstartisnotclear.2.MrsBlackwontbelievethathersonhasbecomeathief.3.Myideaisthatweshoulddoitrightnow.4.Ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,二、名词性从句的种类,（动词、介词的宾从）,1.Atlunchtime,theradioweathermanreportedthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfogintheafternoon.,ObjectClause,I.Findclausesfromthefollowingsentencesandtellthefunctionsofthem.,2.ThatmostofthesearenowthreatenedandmaydisappearisaseriousmattertothepeopleinBritain.,SubjectClause,3.Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.4.ThefactthatPollydidntaskforthemansnameisapity.,AppositiveClause,PredicativeClause,8,三.名从引导词分类及作用:,that(无意义),whether/if(是否)asif/asthough（只在表从）,what(ever)who(ever)whom(ever)which(ever)whose,when(ever),where(ver),why,how，because(表从中),不作成分只起连接作用,作主、宾、表、定语,作状语,四、名词性从句七大常考考点,Workingroups,考点1：A:连接词that与what的区别,Whatwecantgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehave.Thatanewteacherwillcometoourschoolistrue.,that只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分但是除引导宾从外，其余情况都不可省what既有连接作用，又要在从句中作成分（主语，宾语，表语）(的东西;物;话;时间;地点;人物;数目等不同概念),1.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetatwasadangerousspeed.2._theearthisroundisknowntousall.3._hesaidnothingatthemeetingmadeusangry.4._hesaidatthemeetingmadeusangry.,what,That,That,What,B:what(表“什么”无选择范围)which(表“哪一个”有选择范围),1.-Doyouknow_MrBlacksaddressis?-HemayliveatNo.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.Imnotsureof_.2.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_itwas?,what,which,which,1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。_isapity.2.你成功与否不重要。_doesntmatter.,Itdoesntmatterwhether,Thathemadesuchamistake,Itisapitythat,考点2：it作形式主语,形式宾语的用法,it作形式主语(为了平衡句子结构),Whetheryousucceedornot,用it作形式主语的常见结构：Itiswellknown/reported/thought/saidthatItisclear/necessary/certain/truethatItisapity/ashame/anhonorthatItdoesntmatterwhetherItseems/happensthat注：由what/whatever/whoever等引导的主语从句，必须置于主句的谓语动词之前，不能用it作形式主语：Whateverwassaidheremustbekeptsecret.,1._isknowntoall,TaiwanisonlypartofChina.A.AsB.ThatC.WhichD.What2.Itisknowntoall_TaiwanisonlypartofChina.A.asB.thatC.ifD.for3.ItwasonSunday_Imethim.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.which,（非限制性定语从句）,（强调句）,*(2)有些动词带宾语从句时习惯上在宾语从句前加it这类动词有：like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/make等。,b.it作形式宾语,*(1)动词make/find/feel/consider/think等后面有宾补时，则需要用it作形式宾语并将真正的宾语后置。Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.,Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfulloffood.,1.Ilike_intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.one2.Iwillappreciate_ifyoucometomybirthdayparty.A.thisB.itConeDthat,考点3语序问题在名词性从句中,除了关联词要提到句首之外,一律要用陈述句语序,1.Thephotographswillshowyou_A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike,3.Whattimedoyouthink_?willBestycomehereB.BestywillcomehereC.isBestycominghereD.canBestygethere,疑问词+doyouthinksuggestbelievesuppose+陈述语序,考点4同位语从句和定语从句的区别,同位语从句一般跟在名词fact,news,promise,truth,belief,thought,idea,answer,information,knowledge,doubt,hope,law,opinion,plan,suggestion后面,用以说明或解释前面的名词的内容.,定语从句：对先行词起修饰限制作用,Thenewsthatshepassedtheexamexcitedherparents.,Thenewsthatweknowfromherexcitedallofus.,解释说明；that在从句中不充当成分但是不能省。,修饰限定；that在从句中充当成分、作宾语时可以省。,同位语从句,定语从句,1.Thesuggestionthatheshouldnotgothereisofgreatvalue.2.Thesuggestionthathemadeisofgreatvalue.,同位语从句,定语从句,考点5.选择填空（what,whatever,who,whoever),1._wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.2._weneedismoretime.3._madethelongdistancecalltohimisnotimportant.4._breaksthelawwillbepunished.,Whatever,What,Who,Whoever,_等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而_等引导的名词性从句都含有疑问意义。,whoever,whatever,Who,what,请你归纳:who,whoever/what,whatever?,1._hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever,高考题选萃,2.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof_sharesherinterests.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho,注：wh-ever既可引导名词性从句又可引导让步状语从句nomatterwh-只引导让步状丛HewouldbelievewhateverIsaid.WhateverIsaid,hewouldbelieveit.=NomatterwhatIsaid,hewouldbelieveit.,宾语从句,让步状语从句,考点6.用if或whether填空,1.Idontknow_Illbefreetomorrow.2.Thequestionis_thisbookisworthwriting.,whether/if,whether,3.Itdependson_wewillhaveenoughmoney.4._theycandoitmatterslittletous.,a.主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether，不能用if；b.后面紧跟ornot时,用whether,whether,Whether,1.在order，suggest（建议），demand，request，advise，insist(坚持应该)等所接的宾语从句中用should型虚拟语气。should常省略。2.在order，suggestion等名词后同位语从句，表语从句中用should型虚拟语气，可省略should3.在asif，asthough引导的表语从句中，在必要的情况下应用过去式虚拟语气。,考点7虚拟语气问题,4.在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气“(should)+do”,常用的句型有：（1）Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that.（2）Itisapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)that.（3）Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that.如:Itisstrangethatshe(should)thinkso.,5.wish后，从句中的时态在原本的时态上退一步，即wishthat,过去时(跟现在相反),would+v.(跟将来相反),haddone(跟过去相反),wouldrantherthat,sbdidsthsbhaddone,IwishthatI_thatfilmstaryesterday.AsawB.hadseenCwouldseeDhasseen,缺主/宾/表/定,补代词what(ever)who(ever)whom(ever)which(ever)whose,只缺“是否”意思,补whether，if,什么都不缺,that,缺状语,补副词when(ever),where(ver),why,how,Conclusion:解题方法,2、分析从句句子成分,缺什么，补什么,1、找主句谓语，确定是什么从句,3、确定词性后，再根据句子意思选择引导词。,Practicemakesperfect.,I:改错,1.Itisrightthatyousaidyesterday.2.Ifwewillhaveameetinghasntbeendecidedyet.3.Thereasonwhyhewaslateforschoolwasbecausehegotuplate.4.Hisideawhatwegothereonfootisacceptable.,what,Whether,that,that,Iamalwayswondering_1_Icanfindmygirlfriendornot._2_makesmesurprisedis_3_girlsaredifferentfromeachother.UptonowIhaverealized_4_difficultthatIcanfindherintheworld.Mymothertellmethefact_5_marriagedependson_6_Ihavethedestiny(缘分).wishthatIcouldmeetmygirlfriendinthenearfutureand_7_allthesinglepeoplesittingheretodaycouldfindtheirownhappiness.Pleaseremember:theGodoftengiveshappinessto_8_hasconfidenceinlife.,whether,What,that,that,it,whether,that,whoever,II.Fillintheblanks:,III完成句子（写作训练）1.上周，我们就“高中生是否应参加暑期补习班”对我校3000名学生进行了一次调查。.(基础写作)Lastweekwedidasurveyamong3000studentsinourschoolon2.作为一个学生，我们应该做的是努力学习。Asastudent,istostudyhard.3.无论是谁救了这女孩都应受到表扬。shou