2009~2012年外科学复试题目(1)

【试题】2012-03-31/山东大学/医学院/研究生复试外科试题名解（5*8）1.丹毒2.甲状腺危象3.残胃癌4. 瓷性胆囊5.MODS6.尿失禁7.Kruburg瘤8.清创术简答（10*8）1.肠内营养并发症2.烧伤严重程度的诊断标准3.腹股沟直疝与斜疝鉴别4.阑尾切除术后并发症5.胰腺炎非手术治疗6.肺癌淋巴转移7.乳腺癌术后应用三苯氧胺8.骨折特有体征及治疗原则论述（15*2）1.肝癌的诊断与鉴别诊断2.AOSC临床表现与治疗原则考研专区2011山医考研复试外科学试题+齐鲁医院骨外复试题2011山医考研外科学试题（题目顺序不对.想起来一个写一个）名词解释5*81.transplantation2.肛裂三联征3.mizziri syndrome4.开放性气胸5.休克指数6.Colles骨折7.骨筋膜室综合征8.早期胃癌简答题10*81.低钾血症的病因2.脓性指头炎切开引流的指征和注意事项3.胃癌的淋巴结分组4.出血性坏死性胰腺炎的诊断标准5.股骨颈骨折的分型和治疗原则6.肾癌根治术和肾盂癌手术范围的比较7.胸腔闭式引流的适应征8.乳腺的淋巴引流论述题15*21.甲亢手术术后并发症及防治2.腹部闭合性损伤空腔脏器破裂和实质脏器破裂的临床特点附：齐鲁医院骨科复试笔试题简答题10*51.骨肿瘤手术切除范围2.脊髓损伤并发症3.腰椎间盘突出的病因、分类及病理4.骨关节炎的病理变化5.骨质疏松病理性骨折的治疗原则英文翻译是一篇轴向颈部疼痛的，不难，3个单词不认识|【试题】外科学复试2010年山东大学硕士研究生入学考试2：305:30 pm时间180分钟 满分150分1.名词解释（15X2）有两个想不起来了，请大家补充柯林溃疡ARDS消毒夏科三联征法洛四联征二重感染胸廓出口综合症进展期胃癌高渗性缺水医源性损伤网球肘限期手术不稳定骨折2.简答（10X8）休克的一般紧急治疗原则食管癌手术禁忌症溃疡性结肠炎手术适应症原发性肝癌AFP定性诊断前列腺增生手术切除的适应症儿茶酚胺症术前为什么扩充血容量骨肉瘤的临床表现骨盆骨折的并发症腹股沟疝的鉴别诊断预防性应用抗菌素的适应症3.问答（20X2）肿瘤标志物分类及检测的临床意义AOSC临床表现 诊断 治疗原则【考研】2009山东大学硕士研究生入学考试复试试题（外科学）一：名词解释（2分*15=30分）1.应激性溃疡2.MODS3.等渗性脱水4.脑震荡5.条件性感染6.I烧伤7.创伤性窒息8.绞窄疝9.早期胃癌10.CALOT三角11.闭合性骨折12.原醛症13.颈干角14.腕管综合症15.围手术期二：简答题（8分10=80分）1.甲状腺手术后甲状腺危象的临床表现2.简述反常呼吸及病理生理变化3.急性胰腺炎的非手术治疗方法4.肾损伤在保守治疗期间什么情况下需行手术治疗5.膀胱肿瘤按浸润深度分级6.生化测定在骨肿瘤诊断的意义7.股骨颈骨折手术治疗的适应症8.先天性胆管扩张症的分型9.大量输库存血导致凝血功能障碍的主要原因10.ARDS的高危因素三：论述题（20分2=40分）1.论述感染性休克的主要原因及治疗原则2.论述门静脉高压手术治疗的适应症及手术选择名解（5*8）1.丹毒2.甲状腺危象3.残胃癌4. 瓷性胆囊5.MODS6.尿失禁7.Kruburg瘤8.清创术简答（10*8）1.肠内营养并发症2.烧伤严重程度的诊断标准3.腹股沟直疝与斜疝鉴别4.阑尾切除术后并发症5.胰腺炎非手术治疗6.肺癌淋巴转移7.乳腺癌术后应用三苯氧胺8.骨折特有体征及治疗原则论述（15*2）1.肝癌的诊断与鉴别诊断2.AOSC临床表现与治疗原13年名解5*81痈2移植物抗宿主病3嵌顿疝4短肠综合征5AOSC6门静脉高压症7whipple三联征8腕管综合征简答10*81输血适应证2围手术期术前应用抗生素指征3张力性气胸临床表现及治疗4甲状腺肿手术适应症5乳腺癌转移途径6门静脉与腔静脉交通支7尿失禁类型及特点8Collens骨折临床表现论述15*21胃大部切除术术后并发症2机械性肠梗阻典型临床表现与病理生理变化2013-4-1 齐鲁医院 普外科 研究生复试1直肠上与直肠下破裂临床表现与处理的不同2肝内胆管结石的手术原则3黄疸病人的围手术期处理4胃窦癌第一站和第二站淋巴结5上消化道出血不同部位的特点一篇国外论文摘要翻译VOA慢速英语 一篇有关医学的语音（听两遍） 回答五个选择 Bariatric surgery versus intensive medical therapy in obese patients with diabetes.AbstractBACKGROUND: Observational studies have shown improvement in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus after bariatric surgery.METHODS: In this randomized, nonblinded, single-center trial, we evaluated the efficacy of intensive medical therapy alone versus medical therapy plus Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy in 150 obese patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. The mean (SD) age of the patients was 498 years, and 66% were women. The average glycated hemoglobin level was 9.21.5%. The primary end point was the proportion of patients with a glycated hemoglobin level of 6.0% or less 12 months after treatment.RESULTS: Of the 150 patients, 93% completed 12 months of follow-up. The proportion of patients with the primary end point was 12% (5 of 41 patients) in the medical-therapy group versus 42% (21 of 50 patients) in the gastric-bypass group (P=0.002) and 37% (18 of 49 patients) in the sleeve-gastrectomy group (P=0.008). Glycemic control improved in all three groups, with a mean glycated hemoglobin level of 7.51.8% in the medical-therapy group, 6.40.9% in the gastric-bypass group (P0.001), and 6.61.0% in the sleeve-gastrectomy group (P=0.003). Weight loss was greater in the gastric-bypass group and sleeve-gastrectomy group (-29.49.0 kg and -25.18.5 kg, respectively) than in the medical-therapy group (-5.48.0 kg) (P0.001 for both comparisons). The use of drugs to lower glucose, lipid, and blood-pressure levels decreased significantly after both surgical procedures but increased in patients receiving medical therapy only. The index for homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) improved significantly after bariatric surgery. Four patients underwent reoperation. There were no deaths or life-threatening complications.CONCLUSIONS: In obese patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes, 12 months of medical therapy plus bariatric surgery achieved glycemic control in significantly more patients than medical therapy alone. Further study will be necessary to assess the dur