词义猜测题解题技巧

词义猜测型,Theunderlinedword“”refersto/means/standsfor？.Whichofthefollowingwordscantaketheplaceof/bereplacedbytheword“”?Whatisthemeaningof“”asthewordsareusedinthetext?Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheword“”?,常见词义猜测题型,考查方向：、熟词新意，即熟悉词汇的陌生含义；、复合词的含义理解，对于衍生词汇的理解能力；、根据上下文对代词的指代含义的理解能力；、根据上下文对不认识单词的词义判断能力；、对谚语、俗语、俚语和句子含义的理解能力。,Howtoguessthemeaningofthenewwords?,构词法Wordformation,语境法Contextclues,常识法CommonSense,词义猜测,派生Derivation,合成Compounding,转化Conversion,前缀+词根,词根+后缀,前缀+词根+后缀,构词法Wordformation,英语单词大多是由词根、词头（前缀）和词尾（后缀）所组成。词根是单词最基本的部分，表达单词的基本含义。在词根前或后加上前缀或后缀，可以用来引申或转变原词的意义，即派生。只要我们掌握了各种词根、词头和词尾的基本含义，那么就可以很容易猜测出由其构成的新词的含义了;另外还有合成与转化。,常见的前缀和后缀有：inter-(在之间,相互)dis-(不,无,相反)mini-(迷你的,微小的)anti-(反对)micro-（微小的）re-（再，反复）mis-（误，恶）im-（不）un-（不，非）in-（不，非）non-（不，非）-able（能的）-less（不，无）-wards(向)en-/-en置于之中,赋予；使-(i)fy(使得，变成）,interpersonaldisconnectmispronouceanti-ageingnonsmokersleep-walksaddensolidify,Canyouguesstherightmeanings?,人与人之间的，人际的,不抽烟的人,发错音,梦游,断开，切断,抗衰老的,使悲伤,使固化，使凝固,1.Definition定义法,3.Similarity相似法,2.Contrast对比法,4.Causeandeffect因果法,5.Example例举法,6.Context上下文,语境法Contextclues,1.Definition定义法：一般通过定义、定语(从句)或同位语(从句)来确定词义。,e.g.:Itwillbeveryhardbutverybrittlethatis,itwillbreakeasily.,(adj.易碎的,脆的),Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout6,500yuanayear.,(n.牧羊人),表定义常见词汇及短语及手段：becalled,beknown,bedefinedas,constitute,referto等词汇或冒号，括号，破折号等。,表解释常见词汇及短语及手段：or,thatis(tosay),inotherwords,toputitanotherway等引出一些解释性的短语或句子。,表示对比的词有:but,yet,while,however,otherwise,ontheotherhand,incontrast,onthecontrary,inspiteof,instead等。,2.Contrast对比法：利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词（组）猜测词义。,Mostofusagreed,however,Billdissented.,(v.不同意),Sheisusuallypromptforallherclasses,buttodayshearrivedinthemiddleofherfirstclass.,A.ontimeB.lateC.slowlyD.quickly,3.Similarity相似法：利用同义词、近义词或词组猜测词义。,Cleaningupwaterwaysisangigantictask.Thejobissolarge,infact,thatthegovernmentmaynotbeabletosavesomeoftheriversandlakeswhichhavebeenpolluted.,(adj.巨大的;极大的),4.CauseandEffect因果法：从原因推测结果，从结果推测原因。,Onewhoisdestitutehasagreatneedforfoodandclothing.,Shedidnothearwhatyousaidbecauseshewascompletelyengrossedinherreading.,(adj.贫穷的,穷困的),adj.全神贯注的，聚精会神的，专心致志的,因果关系常见词汇及短语：since,as,for,because,dueto,owingto,forthereasonthat,resultfrom,resultin,so,therefore,thus,consequently等。,5.Example例举法：利用文中的举例猜测词义。,Todayyoungcouplesoftenspendlotsoftheirmoneyonappliances,forinstance,washingmachines,refrigeratorsandtelevisions.,(n.电器用具),常见的举例的提示词有:forinstance,forexample,suchas,like等。,Lionsareopportunists.Theyprefertoeatwithouthavingtodotoomuchwork.Ifanotheranimalhasmadeakill,theywilldriveitoffandtakethekillforthemselves.Bydescribinglionsas“opportunist”,theauthormeanstosaythatlions_.A.arecruelanimalsB.arecleveranimalsC.liketotakeadvantageofotheranimalsD.liketotakeeverychancetoeat,6.Context上下文：利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义。,猜代词的含义多用词法,即根据普通常识和生活经验来猜测词义。,在阅读的过程中，如遇到生词，有时可以根据自身的直接或间接的经验，或运用自己已有的常识将其推测出来。比如了解一些英美国家的天文地理、风俗习惯、宗教信仰、政治结构、社会制度等，可以帮助加深对文章的理解，遇到生词时，猜测词义的能力自然就会增强。,Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient，heusuallygivesananestheticto