英语ⅷ人教新资料unit3语法资料

英语人教新资料unit3语法资料,2,Grammar,动词-ed形式作定语动词-ed形式作表语动词-ed形式作宾语补足语,3,过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧,渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词形容词(theParticipleAdjective),实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词,除表示“完成”的动作之外,还表示“被动”的意义。如：,一、动词-ed形式作定语,spokenEnglish(英语口语)；icedbeer(冰冻啤酒)；,4,cookedfood(熟食);friedchips(炸土豆条);,但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作,而不表示“被动”意义。如:boiledwater(开水);fallenleaves(落叶)therisensun(升起的太阳)等。,5,1.Thetallmanisareturnedstudent高个子的那个人是个归国留学生。2.Myparentsarebothretiredteachers我的父母都是退休教师。,6,(1)前置定语,单个的动词-ed形式,一般放在被修饰的名词的前面,作前置定语。,Theexcitedpeoplerushedintobuilding.,激动的人们冲进大楼。,(=thepeoplewhowereexcited),Losttimecanneverbefoundagain,虚度的时光,无法挽回。,(=timewhichislost),7,e.g.Thebooksleftareformystudents,(2)后置定语,少数单个动词的-ed形式,如left等,只能作后置定语。,剩下的书是给我的学生的。,动词-ed形式短语作定语时，通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面，在意思上相当于一个定语从句。,8,1.Isthereanythingplannedfortonight?,(=thathasbeenplannedfortonight),今晚有什么活动吗?,2.Themeeting,attendedbyalotofpeople,wasasuccess,这次会议有很多人出席,开得很成功。,(=whichwasattendedbyalotofpeople),9,高考题,MostoftheartiststothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.(MET90)A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited2)ThefirsttextbooksforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.(NMET94)A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written,10,3)TheOlympicgames,in776BC,didntincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying4)Pricesofdailyfoodsthroughacomputercanbelowerthanpricesinstores.(2002年全国春）A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying,11,5)Mr.Smith,_ofthespeech,startedtoreada_novel.(2003北京春)A.tired,boringB.tiring,boredC.tired,boredD.tiring,boring,12,Helookedworriedafterreadingtheletter看完信后,他显得很忧虑。Whenweheardofit,weweredeeplymoved当我们听到这件事时,被深深地感动了。Heseemedquitedelightedattheidea听到这个想法,他似乎很高兴。,二、动词-ed形式作表语,过去分词作表语并无“完成”或“被动”之意,而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。如：,13,Iwasverypleasedatthenews听了这消息我很高兴。Hegrewmuchtiredofthework他十分厌倦这工作。Heseemedquitedelightedattheidea.听了这想法他似乎很高兴。,作表语的-ed形式可被much,very,quite等所修饰。,14,Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget_bythehour.(NMET98)A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay2)AswejoinedthebigcrowdIgot_frommyfriends.(NEMT2001)A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed,高考题,15,3)Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain_astheplanewasmakingalanding.(2004上海)A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating,16,三、动词-ed形式作宾语补足语,能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词,表示被动意义或已完成意义,有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。,17,Shefoundthedoorbrokeninwhenshecameback她回来时发现有人破门而人。Mygrandfatherhadhisoldhouserebuilt我爷爷找人重修了一下他的旧房子。,18,动词-ed形式作宾语补足语的基本用法动词的-ed形式可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。在这一结构中,动词-ed形式和它前面的宾语构成逻辑上的被动关系。如果这种句子改为被动语态,原来的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。,19,Peoplefoundthegirlbeatenblackandblue,人们发现这个女孩被打得青一块紫一块。,(宾语补足语),Thegirlwasfoundbeatenblackandblue,(主语补足语),20,(1)动词-ed形式可作表示感觉和心理状态的动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括see,hear,watch,notice,feel,find,think,suppose,consider等。,Wethoughtthegamelost我们认为球赛输了。,21,Ihaveneverheardhimspokenillofothers.我从未听过有人说他的坏话。Shefeltagreatweighttakenoffhermind她觉得心里轻松了些。Theyconsideredthemattersettled他们认为这问题解决了。,22,Ihavemyhaircutonceamonth我每个月理一次发。Hewastryingtomakehimselfunderstood他正努力使别人听懂自己。Sheheldherhandspressedagainstherface.她用双手按着脸。,(2)动词-ed形式可作使役动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括make,get,have,keep,leave,hold等。,23,Shehadherhouserepaired她请人把屋子修好了。Wheredidyouhaveyourhaircut?你在哪儿理的发?,“have+宾语+done”结构有三个含义：,(请人)把某事做完。,24,Hehadhishatblownawayonhiswayhome在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。Shehadherwalletstolenyesterday.昨天她的钱包被偷了。,参遭遇某种意外情况。,25,Ihavehadallmyspellingmistakescorrected我把所有的拼写错误都改正了。Hehashadonethousandyuansavedthisyear他今年已存了1000元。,完成某事(自己也可能参与)。,26,Hewontlikesuchquestionsdiscussedatthemeeting他不喜欢在会议上讨论这样的问题。,(3)动词-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等动词的宾语补足语，这类动词包括like，want,wish,expect,order等”这一类动词的后面作宾语补足语。,27,(4)过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中,过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。,Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.,ThestudentswishtheTVserialplayscontinued,学生们希望电视连续剧继续播下去。,小偷被带进来了,双手被反绑在后面。,28,Exercises,1.Isthisthebikewhichyouwishtohave_?A.repaireditB.repairingC.repairD.repaired,.单项选择：,29,2.LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany(明尼苏达州矿业与制造公司),_as3M.A.knowingB.knownC.beingknownD.tobeknown,30,3.Fromthedates_onthegoldcoin,wedecidedthatitwasmadefivehundredyearsago.A.markingB.markedC.tobemarkedD.havingbeenmarked,31,4.Itwassolargearoomthatahundredpeoplelooked_init.A.losingB.lostC.toloseD.havinglost,5.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildrensactionsagainstthelawsgetparents_.A.worriedB.toworryC.worryingD.worry,32,6.With_leaves_intheeartheveryyear,thesoilbecomesricherandricher.A.falling;buryingB.fallen;buriedC.fallen;buryingD.falling;buried,33,7.Shewasgladtoseeherchildwell_careof.A.takeB.tobetakenC.takenD.taking,8.Friendshipislikemoneyeasiermadethan_.A.keptB.tobekeptC.tokeepingD.beingkept,34,9.Dontusewords,expressionsorphrases_onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known,35,10.Johnrushedoutinahurry,_thedoor_.A.leaving;unlockedB.leaving;unlockingC.left;unlockingD.toleave;unlocking,36,11.Thedisc,digitally_inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded,37,12._withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.A.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared,38,13._time,hellmakeafirstclasstennisplayer.A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given14._inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.ToloseC.LostD.Havinglost,39,15._in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.A.BeingfoundedB.ItwasfoundedC.FoundedD.Founding,40,.选择恰当的非谓语动词填空：1.JohnSnowtoldthestoryaboutthe_(astonish)peopleinBroadStreet.2.Someofthepeople_(invite)tothepartycouldntcome.3.Thereisacar_(park)outsidethehouse.,astonished,invited,parked,41,4.Theexperience_(gain)willbeofgreatvaluetous.5.Theseseatsare_(reserve)foryou.6.Thelibraryis_(close)onweekends.7.Dontdrinkthe_(pollute)water.8.The_(worry)motherlookedather_