上海牛津版英语初一下第1-5单元的重要知识点

7B 期中复习知识点Unit One1. a travel guide (guide n. 指南，手册，导游) The guide took us around the castle. (导游) Do you need a guide? It tells you a lot about Paris. (guidebook, 导游手册) A Guide to English Grammar (英语语法指南) guide v. 为领路，带领He guided me to my room. / guide visitors around the city2. tour suggestions (n.) tour n. 旅行 联想 tourist n. 游客 (visitor) tourism n. 旅游业 We had a library tour in the university this morning. suggestion C n. suggest v. 建议 suggest that sb. (should) do sth. 建议某人做某事 (宾语从句用法) I suggest that you (should) go over your lessons first.I suggest that he (should) exercise regularly.suggest doing sth.建议做某事He suggested going to the cinema.3. have been to, have been in, have gone to Simon _has been in_ Dalian for five years. -Where is he? He _has gone to_ Beijing. I _have been to_ the Ocean Park twice.4. decide to do sth. / decide not to do sth. 决定做/决定不做某事 She decided to leave Shanghai. / She decided not to leave Shanghai.decision C n. make a decision5. take part in a competition 参加一个竞赛 take part in = join in 参加(某项活动) join = become a member of 参加(某个组织或团体并成为其中的一员) Sally will _take part in_ the 100-meter-race at the school sports meeting. He _joined_ the Club ten years petition C n. compete v. 比赛，竞争6. make some suggestions = give some suggestions联想 make a decision, make a promise, make a plan, make a wish7. Tiananmen Square, Yu Garden (拼音前面不用定冠词) the Great Wall, the Ocean Park (普通名词构成的地名前有定冠词)8. reason C n. 原因，理由 The reason she was ill was that she had eaten some bad meat. 联想 reasonable a. 合理的，明智的 (unreasonable)9. Shanghai Grand Theatre 上海大剧院 grand a. 大的(用于大建筑物等的名称)，壮丽的，宏伟的 Its not a very grand house. theatre n. 剧院 联想 go to the theatre 去看戏 go to the cinema 去看电影10. Oriental Pearl TV Tower 东方明珠电视塔 oriental a. 东方的，亚洲的 oriental countries / languages / customs 联想 Orient n. 东方 11. Century Park 世纪公园 century C n. 世纪 The castle was built in the 19th century. (在19世纪) 联想 century n. 百年 This book was written centuries ago. (几百年前)12. Shanghai Science and Technology Museum 上海科技馆 science n. 科学 scientist 科学家 technology n. 技术，科技 technologist n. 技术员，(工程技术)专家 technological adj. 科技的13. sightseeing n. 观光，游览 Some people like to lie on the beach, but I prefer sightseeing. 联想 a sightseeing bus 旅游车 a sightseeing tour 观光旅游 go sightseeing 去观光 sightseer n. 观光者 14. in the centre / south / of 在的中央/南面 区分 B is in the south of A (B包含在A之内) B is on the south of A (B与A接壤) B is to the south of A (B与A不相邻) 15. get on with = get along with 进展，与相处(人) How are you getting on with your project? How are you getting on with your new classmates?16. be famous for = be known for 以(因为)而著名 Thailand is famous for its palaces and beaches. be famous as = be known as 作为而著名 He is known as a great writer. 17. night views 夜景 view C n. 景色，风景 have a view over the Huangpu River There is a view of the river from my window. view C n. 信念，观点，看法 In my view, the book is quite interesting.18. shopping paradise 购物天堂 paradise C n. 天堂 近义 heaven This beach is surfers paradise.19. it is not surprising that 不足为奇 surprising a. (sth.) surprised a. (sb.) surprise n. v.20. in about eight minutes 在八分钟内 (in + 一段时间) 在一段时间内，常用过去时和现在时 He can draw a horse in five minutes. (之内) 在一段时间后，常用将来时 She will be a singer in ten years time. (之后)21. about 30 km south-west of the city 在城市西南方30公里处 (距离+方位+of) The Great wall is 130 kilometers north of the city of Beijing. Where is the Great Wall?22. Sheshan State Resort 佘山国家旅游度假区 state a. 国家的，洲的(美国) resort n. 度假胜地 a health resort / a summer resort23. go there for sightseeing and fun 去那儿观光游玩 (for表示目的，后面接名词或动名词) go to the beach for fun / go there for shopping24. think of 想出，想到 think about 思考，考虑 think of more examples / think about your suggestion25. observatory n. C 天文台 observe v. 观察 observe the stars observer n. 观察者，旁听者26. cruise n. 巡航，巡游 go on Huangpu River cruises v. 巡游 cruise along the shore cruiser n. 游艇，巡洋舰Unit two1. see a film 看电影 see a movie, go to the cinema2. read a film guide 看电影指南 read a (book, magazine, newspaper, report)3. discuss which film to see = discuss which film they should to see4. take a look at = have a look at (look n.) 看一看5. stupid a. 愚蠢的，笨的 stupidly ad.近义 foolish, silly6. clown n. 小丑 近义 joker7. an action film 动作片 action n. 动作 Its time for action. (U n.) Actions are more important than words. (C n.) act v. 行动，表演 n. 行动 a kind act/action actor n. 男演员 actress n. 女演员 active a. 积极的 activity n. 活动8. robber C n. 强盗 联想 thief (thieves) n. 贼，小偷 rob v. 抢劫 (robbed, robbed) robbery C n. 抢劫案 The _robbery_ happened at 2 a.m. The old man saw two _robbers_ break into the bank. They _robbed_ two bags of money.9. hate v. 讨厌，不喜欢 I hate to interrupt someone who is busy working. (hate to do) I hate seeing horror films. (hate doing) 提示 hate to do = hate doing 近义 dislike v. dislike doing sth. 反义 like, love v. like doing sth. = love doing sth.10. adventure C n. 冒险，奇遇 All the children listened to his adventures with full attention. adventurer n. 冒险家 adventurous a. 冒险的11. in space 在太空 区分 in the space 在的空间里 Therere many different kinds of stars in space. We can put nothing in the space between the two desks.12. duration n. 持续时间 We hope the war will be of short duration. 联想 during prep. 在的期间 durable a. 耐用的，持久的 durable clothing/durable peace13. in the circus 在马戏团 circus n. 马戏团 run a circus 演马戏，演出杂技 travelling circus 流动马戏团14. full of laughter and fun 充满笑声和欢乐 laughter U n. laugh v. laugh at 嘲笑 I can hear his laughter in the next room. be full of = be filled with 充满 The film is full of laughter. = The film is filled with laughter.15. miss v. 错过，想念 Hurry up, or you will miss the early bus. (错过) I miss you very much. (想念)16. in a small town far away 在一个遥远的小镇上 far away在这里是一个副词短语，置于句末 Christmas is a time for friends to send cards to those who live far away.17. diary n. (工作日程)记事簿 区分 dairy 乳制品18. pay v. (paid, paid) sb. pay money for sth. / sth. cost sb. money / sb. spend money on sth. 付钱 pay a visit to sp. 访问/参观某地 pay for his rudeness 为他的鲁莽付出代价 pay attention to 注意19. altogether ad. 总共，一共 altogether = in all Therere 18 people on the bus altogether. Therere 18 people on the bus in all.20. price n. 价格 priceless a. 无价的，宝贵的 Whats the price of the suit? (price只能用what提问) at a low price / at a high price21. the way to the cinema 去电影院的路 与to搭配的固定词组 the answer to the question the key to the door the entrance to the building22. avenue, street, road, lane avenue通常指两边有树的，通往较大建筑的大街。 street指城镇里较窄，短的重要街道，两边有很多建筑物。 road指较长，宽的路，通常是行驶车辆。lane指小胡同或乡间小路。23. 常用于问路的句子 Where is the post office? How can I go to the post office (from here)? Could you tell me the way to the post office?24. 常用于指路的句子 Turn left. Walk along Rose Street. Turn left into Rose street and walk along. Walk straight ahead. Take the first turning on the left. 在第一个路口左转。 Take the second turning on the right. 在第二个路口右转。 Walk to the end of the street. You will see the post office in front of you. You will see the cinema on your right.You cant miss it.Unit three1. quite a few years = many years quite ad. 相当，十分 Ann is quite pretty. (quite+adj.) I quite like watching volleyball games. (quite+v.)辨析 quite, rather, pretty, very quite语气稍重，比如说某部电影quite good,就是指相当不错，虽然不是最好的，但是值得一看。rather和pretty在语气上更重一些，但pretty不如rather正式。它们可以和褒义或贬义形容词连用，表示一种愉快，或不赞成，不满意的心情。 Its a rather interesting book. She looked rather disappointed about it.very语气最强，意为 “非常，很” ，以上几个副词按语气轻重列为 quiterather/prettyvery 但在用法上存在区别。(1). 只有rather可以和比较级以及副词too连用 Its rather warmer today. This one is rather too large.(2). rather和quite有时可以直接修饰动词，其他副词一般不可以。 I quite agree with you. (I agree with you very much.) We rather like the book. (We like the book very much.)(3). rather和quite与“冠词形容词名词”连用时，通常可以置于冠词之前或之后，very只能置于冠词之后，形容词之前。 Its quite/rather a good idea. = It a quite/rather good idea. Its a very good idea. 若只有 “冠词+名词”，quite和rather只能放在冠词之前。 It is quite/rather a success.2. since和for的用法since用于过去的时间前，意指“从那时起到现在”，常和现在完成时连用。He has been here since last Monday.since也可以是时间连词，后接一个表示时间点的时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用过去时。He has worked for us since he left school.for用来表示一段时间，常与现在完成时连用，表示动作延续到说话的那一刻。He has worked here for a year.for+一段时间也可以用since+行动开始那一刻来代替，如He has worked here for a year.He has worked here since one year ago.所有for和since的划线部分提问均用 “How long”3. 反义疑问句(1). 反义疑问句中问句部分和陈述句部分构成相反关系，即 前肯后否，前否后肯。 Theyre very late for the meeting, arent they?(2). 反义部分的助动词与陈述部分的动词要匹配，在时态上一致。 He has dinner at home every day, doesnt he? He has known the man, hasnt he?(3). 陈述部分若含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分仍为肯定，反意部分要用否定。 Your father is unhappy, isnt he? Its impossible to arrive there on time, isnt it? She dislikes staying at home alone, doesnt she?(4). 陈述部分若带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词语时，反意部分用肯定。 She never tells a lie, does she? He was seldom late, was he?(5). 陈述部分为I am时， 反意部分为arent I? I am a very honest man, arent I?(6). 反义疑问句的回答形式类似于一般疑问句，yes后面无not，no后面带not. 回答从客观事实出发。 -Cathy is reading an English magazine now, isnt she? -_No, she isnt_. She is busy cleaning the house. -He isnt a teacher, is he?-_Yes, he is_. He has worked in this school for two years.4. waiter n. 男服务生waitress n. 女服务生 wait v. 等待 wait for sb.5. train v. 训练，培养 They are training for the boat race. Mother trained us to be honest. 联想 trainer 训练员 trainee 受训的人 train n. 火车 an express train 快车6. headmaster 男校长 headmistress 女校长 principal 校长7. machine n. C 机器 mechanic n. C 机械师8. engineer n. C 工程师 engine n. 引擎9. use sth. to do = sth. be used to do use sth. for doing = sth. be used for doing We use water to wash clothes. Water is used to wash clothes. We use fire for cooking. Fire is used for cooking.10. tell the time 报时 tell the truth, tell a story, tell a lie, tell the difference11. hold the keys 挂钥匙 hold v. (held, held) She is holding her raincoat tightly. (抓住) The hall can hold 1000 people. (容纳) They held many meetings with the foreigners. (举行) Hold on. (请稍等；别挂断)12. take the cable car to sp. = go to sp. by cable car13. fantastic = wonderful adj.Unit three1. let sb. do sth. let后跟动词原形 另：Lets, shall we? Let us, will you?2. go + doing sth. 去做某事 go shopping 去购物 go swimming 去游泳3. different a. 不同的 difference n. 不同之处 e.g. differet shops 不同的商店4. need的用法1)当need作为情态动词时，后跟动词的原型，need本身无时态变化； e.g. He need finish his homework. He need not finish his homework. Need he finish his homework?2)当need作为实意动词时，后跟to do sth.或名词, need本身有时态变化。 e.g. He needs to finish his homework.He doesnt need to finish his homework. He needs some money. He doesnt need any money. Does he need any money?5. need v. 需要 necessary a. 必要的6. a pair of shoes 一双鞋 a pair of trousers 一条裤子 a pair of jeans 一条牛仔裤7. buy sth. for sb.=buy sb. sth. e.g. buy you a pair of jeans =buy a pair of jeans for you8. something用在肯定句中 anything用在否定和疑问句中重要的词组：1. would like to do sth. 想做某事2. need to buy a lot of things 需要买许多东西3. need a new pair of jeans 需要一条新的牛仔裤4. let me buy you a pair of jeans 让我买给你一条牛仔裤5. at the shops 在商店6. buy a computer book for your dad 为你的爸爸买一本电脑书楼层在英国的表达方式 ground floor 一楼 1st floor 二楼 2nd floor 三楼 3rd floor 四楼 以此类推sun n. 太阳 sunny a. 晴朗的taste v. 品尝 tasty a. 美味的=delicious=nicefun n. 乐趣 funny a. 可笑的5. need的用法Unit four1)当need作为情态动词时，后跟动词的原型，need本身无时态变化； e.g. He need finish his homework. He need not finish his homework. Need he finish his homework?2)当need作为实意动词时，后跟to do sth.或名词, need本身有时态变化。 e.g. He needs to finish his homework.He doesnt need to finish his homework. He needs some money. He doesnt need any money. Does he need any money?6. need v. 需要 necessary a. 必要的7. information是不可数名词，其他还有：advice，fun一般将来时 表述：将要发生的事情 动词结构：will do sth. be going to do sth. 时间标志：tomorrow（明天）, this coming Saturday（这个星期六）, in two days(两天后)，next week（下星期）重要的词组：tasty food 美味的食物clothes for kids 童装We dont need to buy anything there. =We need not buy anything there.like would like to do sth. 想做某事 =want to do sth. like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 =enjoy doing sth. like sth. 喜欢某物or“或者”通常用在疑问句或否定句中 one代替前面的单数，ones代替前面的复数重要的词组：the shirt with the long sleeves 长袖衬衫the dress with the blue spots 蓝点裙子the sweater with the V-neck V字领毛线衫the trousers with the checks 方格裤子the trousers with the stripes 条纹裤子-P25-try on sth. 试穿 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 try to do sth. 努力做某事 e.g. try to learn English 努力学会英语 （怀着一定要学会的决心） try learning English 试着学