牛津译林 模块七第二单元 M7U2 Reading life-saving medicine

ReadingTwolife-savingmedicines,2.培养阅读技能：本篇涉及到的阅读技能有：阅读医学文章,理解医学术语。,本版块的教学目标,3.学习语篇中出现的新词汇掌握重点词汇及短语。,4.分析理解长句和难句，回顾巩固强调句型以及倒装句的用法。,1.阅读有关aspirin和penicillin的语篇，了解其发明过程和作用。,5.激发学生在医学领域的科研意识，致力于研究“救命”药造福人类。,aspirin,penicillin,life-savingmedicines,Brainstorming,Haveyouevertakenthesemedicines?Whatillnessescanthetwomedicinescure?,TheNobelPrizeinMedicine.,Aspirinandpenicillin.,1.Whatarethetwomedicinesmentionedinthearticle?,3.WhatawarddidFleming,FloreyandChainshare?,2.Whendidpeoplefindthatdrinkingaspecialkindofteacouldreducebodypainsandfever?,Nearly3,500yearsago,Skimming,Scanning,Thedevelopmentofaspirin,producedfromaspecial_first_patientsinpowderform_intheformoftabletsprovedtoreducetheriskof_usedtopreventa_provedtoreducetheriskof_provedto_usedtoreduce_andhelppeoplewithdiabetes,18971899190019711977198819992003,Q:Whatconclusioncanyoudrawafteryougettoknowthedevelopmentofaspirin?Ittakesmuchtimeandeffortstodevelopanewmedicine.Manypeoplecontributedtothedevelopmentofaspirin.,chemical,usedwith,soldinshops,heartattacks,stroke,somecancers,lengthenpeopleslives,bloodsugarlevels,in1928,purifythepenicillin,makeandtest,inlargequantities,millionsoflives,Thedevelopmentofpenicillin,Q1:WhywerethethreescientistgiventheNobelPrizefortheirworkonpenicillin?,Scanning,Thedevelopmentofpenicillin,1928,1940,1944,discoveredbyAlexanderFleming,madeandtestedinlargequantities,massproductionbegan,Q1:WhywerethethreescientistgiventheNobelPrizefortheirworkonpenicillin?Duetothewidespreaduseofpenicillin,manylivesweresavedduringthewar.Penicillinbecamethegreatestdrugofthe20thcentury,savingmillionsoflives.,reducebodypainsandfeverhelpstopreducetheriskofheartattackspreventstrokesreducetheriskofsomecancersincreasethelengthofpeopleslivesreducebloodsugarlevelsandhelpwithdiabetes,treatsillnessescausedbybacteria,Carefulreading,Theeffectsofpenicillin,Theeffectsofaspirin,Howcanweunderstandmedicalterms？(医学术语）,Readingstrategy,Howmanykindsofsimilarwordsareincludedinamedicalarticle?Whatarethey?,beneficial(L4)chemical(L7)trial(L13)relief(17)length(L28)abnormal(L36)application(L40)effective(L45)approval(L49),fromthesamestem,life-savingsalicylicacid(L11)best-selling(L17)heartattack(L21)bloodsugar(L29)widespread(L50),bacterium(L39)bacteria(L41),irregularpluralforms,compoundwords,Understandingmedicalterms,benefitchemisttryrelievelongnormalapplyeffectapprove,Discussion,Aspirinandpenicillinhavesavedmillionsoflivessincetheywereinvented.Nowadays,mostpeoplearelivingawell-offlifeyetsomeofthemseemtobelosinggoodhealth.SomedeadlydiseaseslikecancerandAIDskillthousandsofliveseveryyearandarethreateningmoreandmorepeople.Isitnecessarytodevelopnewlife-savingmedicines?Wouldyouliketodevoteyourselftostudyingmedicineinthefuture?,Languagepoints,Usefulexpressions,1.两种救命药2.引发医学革命3.对有益4.用树皮制成汁5.发生6.分发7.以粉末形势8.最畅销的药物9.有的可能性10.减少风险11.实施12.预防中风,13.延长人们的寿命14.糖尿病患者15.在当代16.看起来异常17.在上试用某物18.应用于19.大量地20.加快批准程序21.批量生产22.广泛使用,Usefulexpressions,1.两种救命药2.引发医学革命3.对有益4.用树皮制成汁5.发生6.分发7.以粉末形式8.最畅销的药物9.有的可能性10.减少风险11.实施12.预防中风,1.twolife-savingmedicines(title)2.startrevolutionsinmedicine(L1)3.bebeneficialto(L4)4.makeajuicefromatreebark(L11)5.takeplace(L14)6.distributesth.to(L15)7.inpowderform(L15)8.thebest-sellingmedicine(L17)9.havethepotentialto(L20)10.reducetheriskof(L21)11.carryout(L24)12.preventstrokes(L24),13.延长人们的寿命14.糖尿病患者15.在当代16.看起来异常17.在上试用某物18.应用于19.大量地20.加快审批程序21.批量生产22.广泛使用,13.increasethelengthofpeopleslives(L28)14.peoplewithdiabetes(L30)15.incontemporarysociety(L34)16.lookabnormal(L36)17.tryouton(L39)18.haveanapplicationin(L40)19.inlarge/amplequantities(L47)20.acceleratetheapprovalprocess(L49)21.massproduction(L49)22.thewidespreaduseof(L50),1.peoplechewedonordrankteamadefromleavespossessingaspecialchemicaltoreducebodypains(L8-9),5.Heimmediatelythoughtthatthemouldmighthaveanapplicationintreatingillnesscausedbybacteria.(L40-41),2.aspirinhadthepotentialtoreducetheriskof(L21),4.Itastonishedhimtoseethebacteriasurroundingthemoulddead.(L37-38),3.In1977,astudycarriedoutintheUSAshowedthataspirincould(L24),6.Penicillinbecamethegreatestdrugofthe20thcentury,savingmillionsoflives.(L52-53),Understandingsentenceswithv-ing,v-ed,ortodo,对该药进行的首批试验发生在1899年，当时，霍夫曼供职的公司开始将这种药以粉末形式分发给药师，在病人身上使用。,Analyzingdifficultsentences,1.Thefirsttrialsofthismedicinetookplacein1899,whenthecompanyHoffmannworkedforbegandistributingthemedicineinpowderformtophysicianstousewithpatients.(L13-15),2.LawrenceCraven,adoctorfromtheUSA,introducedtheideain1953thataspirinhadthepotentialtoreducetheriskofheartattacks,becauseithelpedthebloodcirculatebetter.(L27),美国医生劳伦斯.克雷文在1953年提出一个观点，即阿司匹林可能有助于降低心脏病发作的风险。,3.Henotedthatadishinwhichhewastryingtogrowbacteriaforanexperimentlookedabnormaltherewasbluemouldinit.(L27),他注意到一个碟子看起来有些异常为了做实验，他试图在这个碟子中培养细菌它里面有蓝色的霉。,4.Itastonishedhimtoseethebacteriasurroundingthemoulddead,whichmeantthatthemouldhadkilledthem.(L37-38),使他十分惊讶的是，他看到这种霉周围的细菌都死了，这意味着是这种霉杀死了它们。,5.Itwasdifficulttoproducepenicillinintheamplequantitiesneededtobeeffective.(L44-45),难以生产出足量的青霉素以产生药效。,Sentencepattern,Ifyouopenupanymedicinecupboardorgotoanymedicinecounterintheworld,itislikelythatyouwillfindaspirinandpenicillin.(L1-3),这趟火车很可能晚点。,Thetrainislikelytobelate.,Itislikely/possiblethatthetrainwillbelate.,Itslikely/possiblethat(很可能)Sb.belikelytodosth.,倘若你打开世界上任何一个药柜或者去任何一个药品柜台，都很可能找到阿司匹林和青霉素.,Itsverylikelythatshellringmetonight.,Itspossiblethatthelettergotlostinthepost.,Itsstrangethatwehaventheardfromhim.,4.奇怪的是我们没有他的音信.,1.很可能今晚她会给我打电话.,2.那封信可能在邮递过程中弄丢了。,5.有关他的家庭情况他为什么撒谎不清楚。,3.很显然aspirin和penicillin自发明以来拯救了几百万人的生命。,Itsnotclearwhyhehasliedabouthisfamily.,Itislikely/obvious/strange/necessary+主语从句,Itsobviousthataspirinandpenicillinhavesavedmillionsoflivessincetheywereinvented.,2.Itwasin1897thataEuropeanchemistcalledDrFelixHoffmannproducedaspirinfromthischemical,1.Itwasatmidnight_Igotbackhomeyesterday.2.Itwasmidnight_Igotbackhome,that,when,1897年，一位名叫菲利克斯霍夫曼的欧洲药剂师提取这种化学物质,制成了阿司匹林.,2.Notonly_(城市被污染)butthestreetwerecrowded.3.Notonlycanvoluntaryworkbringprofitstothehelpedpeople,butalsoitcontributestothehappinessofthevolunteersthemselves.,3.Notonlyhasaspirinprovedvitalforreducingfeverandhelpingstoppain,buttherearealsootherthingsthataspirincanhelpwith.,1.Notonly_(约翰喜爱)Chinese,butheisalsogoodatspeakingit.,notonlybutalso连接并列主语时,句子不用倒装,谓语动词遵循就近原则.NotonlyyoubutalsoI_fondofmusic.(be),wasthecitypolluted,doesJohnlove,notonly位于句首,所在的分句要用部分倒装.,am,(语序：助动词情态动词/系动词主语谓语其他),4.Ifpenicillinhadnotbeenavailable,manypeople_sicknessorevensmallwounds.A.woulddiefromB.diedfromC.wouldhavediedfromD.coulddiefrom,如果没有青霉素的话,许多人会死于疾病,甚至是微小的创伤.,C,Keywords,effectivevitalbeneficialapplicationrevolutionpotentialapprovalastonishpossessaccelerate,1.HestudiedtheGermanmarkettofindthepotentialthereforprofitableinvestment.,2.Therewereanastonishingnumberofapplicantsforthejob.,3.Doeshepossessthenecessarypatienceandenthusiasmtodothejobwell?,4.Thegovernmentistryingtotakemeasurestoacceleratetherateofeconomicgrowth,5.Aspirinisaninventionthathasavarietyofapplicationsinthetreatmentfordiseases.,Thetouristindustryisofvitalimportancetothenationaleconomy.,WefindadvertisingonTVveryeffective.,Freshairisbeneficialtooneshealth.,6.Creditcardshavebroughtaboutarevolutioninpeoplesspendinghabits.,7.Dotheplansmeetwithyourapproval?,8.Itisjustthreemonthssincewereceivedofficialapprovaltogoaheadwiththeproject.,11.新鲜空气有益於健康.,10.我们发现在电视上做广告效果好。,9.旅游业对于国家的经济是至关重要的。,Fillintheblanksaccordingtothetext,Peoplechewedonleavesordrankakindoftea_(make)fromleaves_(possess)aspecialchemical_(reduce)bodypainsandfever.2.In1977astudy_(carry)outintheUSAshowedthataspirincouldpreventstrokes,aswell.3.Itastonishedhim_(see)thebacteria_(surround)themoulddead4.Heimmediatelyrealizedthatthemouldmighthaveanapplicationintreatingillnesses_(cause)bybacteria.5.Itwasdifficulttoproducepenicillinintheamplequantities_(需要)tobeeffective.6.Penicillinbecamethegreatestdrugofthe20thcentury,_(save)millionsoflives.,made,possessing,toreduce,carried,surrounding,needed,saving,caused,tosee,Ifyouopenupanymedicinecupboardorgotoanymedicinecounterintheworld,itislikely_youwillfindaspirinandpenicillinwhichB.whatC.thatD.when,2.Itwasin1897_aEuropeanchemistcalledDrFelixHoffmannproducedaspirinfromthischemicalA.whenB.thatC.inwhichD.which,3.Thefirsttrialsofthismedicinetookplacein1899,_thecompany_Hoffmannworkedforbegandistributingthemedicineinpowderformtophysicianstousewithpatients.A.which,thatB.when,C.,thatD.when,which,4.Itastonishedhimtoseethebacteriasurroundingthemoulddead,_meantthatthemouldhadkilledthem.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.what,5.LawrenceCraven,adoctorfromtheUSA,introducedtheideain1953_aspirinhadthepotentialtoreducetheriskofheartattack,_ithelpedthebloodcirculatebetter.A.that;soB.which;becauseC.which;soD.that;because,6.Anotherdrug_hashelpedincreas