Marrakech课件PPT.ppt

LessonTwo,MarrakechbyGeorgeOrwell,I.BackgroundKnowledge,1.GeorgeOrwell,GeorgeOrwell,Britishnovelistandessayistbetweenthetwoworldwars.au/o/orwell/georgeSeenotes1onpage25,GeorgeOrwellwasthepseudonymofEricArthurBlair(1903-50),anEnglishwriterwhoatonetimeservedwiththeIndianImperialPoliceinBurma.HefoughtintheSpanishCivilWar,anexperienceherecordedinHomagetoCatalonia.HisnovelsincludeDownandOutinParisandLondon(describingaperiodofpovertyinthesecities);BurmeseDays;ComingupforAir;AClergymansDaughter;KeeptheAspidistraFlying;AnimalFarm;and1984.Thelasttwonovelsvilify(诽谤,中伤)socialistsocietyandcommunism.Amonghiswellknownessaysare:ShootinganElephant;AHanging;Marrakech;andPoliticsandtheEnglishLanguage.,GeorgeOrwell,OrwellisbestrememberedtodayfortwoofhisnovelsAnimalFarmandNineteenEighty-Four,Hisbook-AnimalFarm,AnimalFarm(1945),-apoliticalfableEachanimalrepresentsacertainhumancharacter,meanttocriticizeStalinssocialism.AshortnovelthatcriticizestheSovietUnion,oneofEnglandsalliesinWorldWarII.Itisanentertainingstoryaboutanimalsor,onadeeperlevel,asavageattackonthemisuseofpoliticalpower.,NineteenEighty-Four(1949),AnEnglishnovelaboutlifeinadictatorshipaslivedbyWinstonSmith,anintellectualworkerattheMinistryofTruth,andhisdegradationwhenherunsafoulofthetotalitarian(极权主义的)governmentofOceania(大洋洲),thestateinwhichhelivesintheyearthathepresumesis1984.,GeorgeOrwell,themasterofasuperb,lucid(清晰的)prosestyle.anuncompromisingindividualistandpoliticalidealistfamousforhispoliticalsatiresOrwellarguedthatwritershaveanobligationoffightingsocialinjustice,oppression,andthepoweroftotalitarian(极权主义的)regimes.,Featuresofhisworks,Inreadinghisworks,severalaspectsdrawourattention:1.Hisworksshowsharppowersofobservationanddeepsympathyforsufferingpeople.2.Hisworksgiveadeepsenseofconvictionandurgency.3.TheuseofEnglishisclear,simpleanddirect,withnoformalityofembellishment(润色).(addition/decoration)Hesaidhisidealwastowriteproselikeawindowpane-asclearasglass,HisLife,Heismushpraisedinthewestpartlybecauseofhisanti-communistpointofview.HewasborninIndia,father,asocalledempire-builder-servingtheBritishgovernmentabroad.,HisLife,HereceivedgoodeducationinBritainandstudiedinthemostfamousschool“Eden”.,HisLife,Marrakechisoneoftheplaceshetravelledto.Histravelmadehimtakeahostileattitudetowardimperialism.Heshoweddeepsympathyforthepoorandbecameafirmsupporterofsocialism.ImperialismThepolicyofextendingacountrysinfluenceoverlesspowerfulstates(OxfordWorldEncyclopedia(1998).Colonialism:asituationinwhichonecountryrulesanother(麦克米兰英语词典).,HisLife,HejoinedSpanishWar.Hewasseriouslywounded.TheSpanishsocialistforcesdividedintofaction.Thefactionhebelongedtowaspersecuted.Sohebecamesopessimisticanddepressed,whichledhimtowardanti-communistattitude.,2.Morocco(摩洛哥),摩纳哥地中海沿岸近法-意边界的独立公国。面积：约1.9平方千米。人口：约31,800(2001)。居民大多是法国人，有少数意大利人。只有不到15的居民为摩纳哥后裔。语言：法语(官方语言)。宗教：天主教。货币：法郎。AsmallprincipalitylocatedinthesouthofFranceinthehillsabovetheMediterraneanSea.,NationalflagofMorocco,2.Morocco,a.LocatedinNorthAfrica,ontheMediterraneanSeaandtheAtlanticOceanb.About2000B.C.settledbyBerbertribes,theninvadedbyArabsinthe7thcentury,bringingwiththemIslam.c.In1912,aFranco-SpanishagreementdividedMoroccointo4administrativezones-FrenchMorocco,Spanishprotectorate(保护国),asouthernprotectorateandaninternationalzone.,d.Gainedindependencein1956andbecameaconstitutionalmonarchy(君主国)in1957.MoroccoisamemberoftheUnitedNations,theLeagueofArabStates,andtheOrganizationofAfricanUnity.e.People:mostMuslims;Most(70%)Moroccansarefarmers,usingcamels,donkeysandmulestopullplows,tryingtotrytogrowtheirownfood.IntheSouthafewtribesmenstillwanderfromplacetoplaceinthedesert.f.Islam:thestatereligiong.Arabic-theofficiallanguage,FrenchandSpanishalsospoken.,Marrakech(马拉喀什),Marrakech/Marrakesh(马拉喀什)Location:AtthecenterofwestMorocco,attheNorthernfootofthehighAtlas.130milessouthofCasablanca,thechiefseaport.-ItistheprincipalcommercialcenterofMorocco.-Ithasextremelyhotsummersbutmildwinters.-Renownedforleathergoods-theoldcityislikealabyrinth(迷宫)fullofcrooked,deadenedstreets.,Marrakech,Marrakechisnotonlyafantasticcity,itisalsoasymboloftheMoroccothatoncewas,andwhichsti