不定式的几种形式解读.ppt

Grammar:Infinitive,不定式的几种形式,todo,tobedoing,tohavedone,tohavebeendoing,tobedone,tohavebeendone,必须掌握的几点:1.只能跟不定式做宾语的动词:,afford,attempt,expect,hope,manage,agree,pretend,wish,offer,fail,plan,decide,promise,intend,refuse,seem,want,happen他们设法放火烧了那座宾馆.他们未能及时签署那项协议.,Theymanagedtosetfiretothehotel.,Theyfailedtosigntheagreement.,2.要求用不定式做宾补的动词:ask,tell,invite,force,get,allow,wish,want,expect,advise,encourage,persuade,permit,order,warn,cause等.另外,besaid/report/expectedtodo当沙尘暴袭击这座城市时,专家建议我们不要出门.,Whenthesandstormstruckthecity,expertsadvisedusnottogoout.,据说他们那天遭遇了飓风.Theyaresaidtohavebeencaughtinahurricanethatday.据报道火灾发生时他们正在丈量土地.Theyarereportedtobemeasuringfieldswhenthefireoccurred.他们被迫把家具搬出房屋.Theywereforcedtomovethefurnitureout.,注意:下列两种情况中的宾补用动词原形:1.使役动词let,make,have后.医生要我在床上躺一个星期.(被动)2.感官动词notice,observe,watch,see,lookat,find,hear,listento,feel等后.你看火山喷发了么?,Thedoctormademelieinbedfor=Iwasmadetoliein,Didyouseethevolcanoerupt/erupting()?,全过程,正在进行,3.几个区别:stop,goon,remember,forget,try,mean,regret我忘了把那些证据销毁.别发牢骚了.我们没有足够的时间了.我很后悔跟他交换了戒指.这就意味着他们不能接受更好的教育.,Iveforgottentoruintheevidence.,Stopcomplaining.Wehaventenoughtime.,Iregretexchangingringswithhim.,Thismeanstheirnotreceivingbettereducation.,4.need,want,requiredoing=tobedone这些死鸡需要掩埋.什么引起的这些自然灾害?这个问题需要思考.,Thesedeadchickenneedburying.=,Whathascausedthenaturaldisasters?Thisproblemwantsconsidering.=,needtobeburied.,wantstobeed.,5.but,except,besides,otherthan作“除了以外”解时,若前面部分有行为动词do(非助动词)的各种形式如do,did,done等时,but之后接dosth.反之,后接todosth.Hecandonothingbutwait.Hedidntwantanythingbuttoplayinthepark.,E.g.:Shecoulddonothingbut_(cry).Whatdoyouliketodobesides_(swim)?Ihavenochoicebut_(wait).Therewasnothingformetodootherthan_(wait)untilthemeetingwasover.Ihadnothingtodobut_(watch)TV.,cry,swim,towait,wait,watch,2.当句子的谓语动词是cant,canthelp,cantchoose等结构时,but,except后的不定式to也省略,常译为不得不。E.g.:Wecantbutadmirehisbravery.Wecantchoosebutwait。SheissuchalovelygirlthatIcanthelpbutloveher.,1.Sandycoulddonothingbut_tohisteacherthathewaswrong.A.admitB.admittedC.admittingD.toadmit,Letstrysomeexercises,2.-Howdidyouspendyourweekend,Jone?-Ididntfindanythinginterestingforme_somewashinginsteadofmymoth