高中非谓语动词课件

非谓语,非谓语：不作谓语，是改写从句的一种形式。Hetoldusthatweshouldgotoschool.Hetoldustogotoschool.Thisisthestorythatistoldbyher.Thisisthestorytoldbyher.WhenIwasyoung,Ialsolikedgames.Beingyoung,Ialsolikedgames.Hecamehomeandcried(并列句）.Hecamehome,crying.,非谓语动词,动名词v-ing,分词,现在分词v-ing,过去分词p.p,动词不定式todo,否定式：在之前加“not”,主动进行用现分被动完成用过分目的将来不定式用途性质用动名,1.Swimmingishisfavoritesport.2.Heenjoysswimming.3.Hisfavoritesportisswimming.4.Theswimmingpoolinourvillageisbeingbuilt.,（作主语）,（作宾语）,（作表语）,（作定语）,nousenogooduselessworthwhile,作主语,1.用it作形式主语的特殊句型,Its,+doing,（1）光说不做没用Itsnousetalkingtoomuchwithoutdoinganything.,（2）做无益的后悔没用Itsuselesscryingoverthespiltmilk.,（4）学好英语是值得做的ItsworthwhilelearningEnglishwell.,（3）吸烟太多无益Itsnogoodsmokingtoomuch.,PRACTICE:1.Itsnouse_(sit)herewaiting.2.Thereisno_(say)whatwillhappennext.3.Itisnogood_(tell)himthetruth?,enjoyfinishpracticemindavoidsuggestadmitescapemissimaginerisk,+,doing,作宾语,adviseconsiderallowpermitforbid,+,doingsb.todo,注意,lookforwardtocanthelpbeusedtocantstandhavefunfeellikegiveupputoffpayattentiontohavedifficulty(in)insistonleadtodevotetoobjectto,+,doing,likelovepreferstartbegincontinue,+,doingtodo,4,forgetrememberregretstoptrymeangoon,+,doingtodo,5,needwantrequiredeservebeworth,+,doingtobedone,6,动词不定式,1.Toseeyouisglad.=Itisgladtoseeyou.2.Iwanttoseeyou.3.Iwanthimtoseeyou.4.Myhopeistoseeyou.,（作主语）,(作宾语）,（作宾补）,(作表语）,常用it作形式主语,（作定语）,（作原因状语）,（作目的状语）,（作结果状语）,5.Hehasnotimetoseeyou.6.Imgladtoseeyou.7.Imcomingtoseeyou.8.Hewentsoearlyastoseeyou9.Tolookathim,youwouldlikehim.,（作条件状语）,句型1：,Itis+adj+forsbtodosthItis+adj+ofsbtodosth,(形容人的品质),Eg.Itiseasyformetofinishtheworkbeforeten.Itisagreathonorforustobepresentatyourbirthdayparty.,(1)作主语,Itiskindofyoutogivemesomehelp.Itsimpoliteofyoutospeaktotheteacherlikethat.,句型2：It+谓语+todo,句型3：Its+n.+todo,Ittakesusanhourtogettherebybus.,Itsourdutytohelpthepoor.,1.常见动词有：,(2)作宾语,2.见动名词用法,wantexpectwishallowpermitpromisecauseforcebeginviteorderencourageaskrequestadvisewarnremindpersuade,sb.todo,(3)作宾补,Makelessnoise，theresasleepingchild.Weonlysellusedbooks.,TheyoungmansittingbetweenJohnandMaryistheheadmasterofourschool.Thebridgebuiltlastmonthneedsrepairing.,(2)作后置定语,1.作定语,(1)作前置定语,现分和过分作定语的区别：boilingwater正在沸腾的水（表正在进行）boiledwater开水（表完成）developingcountries发展中国家developedcountries发达国家fallingleavesfallenleaves,2.作表语,Shewastoofrightenedtomove.Whatyousaidisreallyinspiring.,注：修饰人的表情、脸色、情感等要用v-ed.,adisappointinglook一个令人失望的表情,adisappointedlook一个失望的表情,Isawhimcaughtbythepolice.Iheardthemsingingintheclassroom.,3.作补语,1.“吾看三室两厅一感觉”5看：see、watch、lookat、notice、observe3使：make、let、have2听：hear、listento1感觉：feel,不定式和分词作补语的区别：,seewatchlookatobservenoticehearlistentofeel,+,sb./sth.,+,dodoingdone,注：以上词语用于被动语态要还原“to”,Eg:Ioftenhearhimsingthissong.Heisoftenheard_thesong,tosing,注意：1.havesth.done还表示“使遭受”Eg:Mr.Smithhadhishousebrokenintowhilehewasawayonholiday.2.havesb.doing用于否定句中表示“容忍”Eg:Iwonthaveyouspeakingtoyourdadlikethat.,2.leave、keep、set、find、catch、with,Eg:Keeptheengineendnrunning.Weshouldkeepthewindowsclosed.,Eg:Wefoundhim(tobe)dishonest.,Eg:Icaughthimreadingmyprivateletter.,Eg:Withalotofdifficultproblemstosettle,themanishavingahardtime.,1.Seeingfromthetopofthetower,wecanseeabeautifulfactory.2.Seenfromthetopofthetower,thefactorylooksbeautiful.3.Hearingthebadnews,theycouldnthelpcrying.4.Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitbetter.,4.作状语,Hearingthebadnews,theycouldnthelpcrying.,Whentheyheardthebadnews,Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.,Iftheyhadbeengivenmoreattention,Beingsoangry,hecouldntgotosleep.,Becausehewassoangry,Theycameintotheclassroom,singingandlaughing.,andtheyweresingingandlaughing.,Toservethepeoplewell,Istudyhard.,Inordertoservethepeoplewell,1.Becauseshewasmovedbythehero,shedecidedtostudyharder.,Movedbythehero,将下列状语从句改为非谓语短语作状语：,2.Whenhefoundthedoorlocked,hewenthome.,Findingthedoorlocked,Becausehewasscoldedbytheteacher,hewasverysad.,将下列非谓语短语改写为状语从句,1.Notknowingheraddress,Icantwritetoher.BecauseIdontknowheraddress,Icantwritetoher.2.Enteringtheroom,Isawastrangesight.WhenIenteredtheroom,Isawastrangesight.,3.Scoldedbytheteacher,hewasverysad.4.Notknowingwheretogo,heaskedapoliceman.5.Hearingherfriendwasbadlyhurt,sheburstintotears.,找出下列句子中的非谓语动词（含短语）,Hestoodthere,tiredfromawholedayofwork,thinkingofawaytoescapefromtheconstructionsite.2.Thenewsconference,tobeheldinthathall,hasalreadybeencrowdedwithreporters.3.HavingreachedtheverypeakoftheEverest,theclimberscheeredagainstthefiercenorthwind.4.Hekeepsbuyingexpensivemaps.Hemusthavemorethan200bynow.5.Iheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom.6.ThemantalkingwithmyfatherisMr.Wang.,状语,定语,状语,宾语,(宾语)补语,定语,找出下列句子中的非谓语动词（含短语）,Hestoodthere,tiredfromawholedayofwork,thinkingofawaytoescapefromtheconstructionsite.2.Thenewsconference,tobeheldinthathall,hasalreadybeencrowdedwithreporters.3.HavingreachedtheverypeakoftheEverest,theclimberscheeredagainstthefiercenorthwind.4.Hekeepsbuyingexpensivemaps.Hemusthavemorethan200bynow.5.Iheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom.6.ThemantalkingwithmyfatherisMr.Wang.,状语,定语,状语,宾语,(宾语)补语,定语,非谓的不同形式,Eg:1.Thebuildingbeingrepairedisourlibrary.2.Thequestionbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.3.Havingturnedofftheradio,hebegantogooverhislessons.(完成式：表示关收音机的动作先于后面的动作，并已经完成。)4.Nothavingreceivedhisfathersletter,hedecidedtomakeacalltohim.,Task:completethefollowingsentences,1.“（你有衣服要洗吗）?themaidasked.2._(没有完成作业),TomwasforbiddentowatchTV.3._(正在刷油漆),thehousewasnotallowedtoenter.4._(被邀请参加舞会),Maryfeltexcited.,DoyouhaveanyclothestobewashedNothavingfinishedhishomework,BeingpaintedNothavingbeeninvitedtotheball,5.Thedifficultmathsproblem_(很难算出）.6.Shewasangryfor_(没有被邀请）totheball.7.Thethiefstoleintothestore_(没人看到）8.Theflat_(出租）,nothavingbeeninvited,isdifficulttoworkout,withoutbeingseen,istolet,1.Letme_(help)you_(water)theflowers.2.LittleSandywouldlove_(take)tothecinemathisevening.3.Thoughheoftenmadehisdeskmate_(cry),todayhewasmade_(cry)byhisdeskmate.,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，使句子完整、正确,totake,(to)water,tocry,help,cry,4.Isawhim_intothesmallstore.A.wentB.goingC.togoD.hasgone5.Telltheboy_outofthewindow.nottolookB.tonotlookC.dontlookD.notlook6.Thehouseisnotbigenoughforusall_.A.toliveinB.tobelivedinC.toliveD.forlivingin,2.Wouldyoupleasepassmetheknife_?A.tocutthefruitwithB.tocutthefruitC.cuttingthefruitD.cuttingthefruitwith3.Ihavesomethingimportanttosay.pleasefindapieceofpaper（写上）4.Excuseme，couldIuseyourpenforamoment？Ihavenopen（写）,towriteon,towritewith,动词不定式做定语,动名词的复合结构,1).物主代词/名词所有格+动名词在句中作主语:Maryscominglatemadeherteacherangry.Doyoumindmysmoking?Doyoumindmyreadingyourpaper?Theircomingtohelpwasagreatencouragementtous.,2).人称代词宾格/名词+动名词在句中作宾语:Imsureofhimcomingontime.Hehasneverheardofawomanbeingapilot.IdontmindJack(him)going.Shehatesyoungpeople(them)smoking.,独立主格结构,一般来说，分词或分词短语作状语，其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。但有时候，分词的动作不是由句子的主语发出来的，它有自己的逻辑主语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。,Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitbetter.,Nobodyhavinganymoretosay,themeetingwasclosed.,1独立主格结构的形式：,（1）名词/代词+-ing分词及其短语,Themoonappearing,theydecidedtogoonwiththeirjourney.Thepupilsarewalkingslowly,theirteacherfollowing.,（2）名词/代词+-ed分词及其短语,Good-byesaid,wewenthome.Allthingsconsidered,itisagoodplan.,（3）名词/代词+形容词及其短语,Theweather(being)hot,weallwentswimming.Dinnerready,thehostessaskedhergueststobeseated.,（4）名词/代词+不定式及其短语,Themoneytobepaidbythedriver,thepolicewentaway.Herearethefirsttwovolumes,thethirdonetocomeoutnextmonth.,（5）名词/代词+副词及其短语,Themeeting(being)over,welefttheroom.,（6）名词/代词+介词及其短语,Shestoodthere,bookinhand.Everybodyathome,wesatdowntodinner.,2with+复合宾语结构,（1）with+名词/代词+名词Thebravemanfoughtthetigerwithastickhisonlyweapon.Hewascarriedintothehospital,withhisfaceamassofbleedingflesh.,（2）with+名词/代词+介词Theteachercameintotheclassroomwithabookinhishand.Hewasasleepwithhisheadonhisarms.Familydependants,whenill,enjoyfreemedicaltreatment,withmedicinesathalfprice.,（3）with+名词/代词+副词Hewentoutwithhishaton.Thesquarelooksmorebeautifulthaneverwithherlightson.,4）with+名词/代词+形容词Dontspeakwithyourmouthfull.Theoncelowlyserfsnowwalkwithheadshigh.,5）with+名词/代词+-ing分词Withtheoldmanleading,thetwostartedtowardthemountains.Witheveryonesurroundinguswecancertainlysucceed.Shefeltverynervouswithsomanypeoplelookingather.,（6）with+名词/代词+-ed分词Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.Hediedwithhislifesworkstillunfinished.Withhismattersettled,welefttheroom.,（7）with+名词/代词+不定式Theyarehighlymechanizedfarms,withmachinerytodomostofthework.Thiswasaseveretest,withinnumerabledifficultiestobeovercome.Withfiveminutestogobeforethelasttrainleft,wearrivedhere.,3.由Therebeing+主语这种结构多表示原因,例如：,Therebeingalotofbookstoread,heoftenstudiedtillmidnight.因为有许多书要读，他经常学习到深夜。,Thanksalot!,不定式、动名词用作主语,1。直接作主语（1）眼见为实（2）今天早晨做早操对身体无益（3）在这里吸烟很危险,1.Toseeistobelieve2.Todomorningexercisestodayisnotgoodforhealth.3.Tosmokehereisdangerous,（1）眼见为实。（2）天天做早操有益于健康。（3）吸烟不是好习惯。,1.Seeingisbelieving.2.Doingmorningexerciseseverydayisgoodforhealth3.Smokingisnotagoodhabit,不定式与动名词作主语的区别：不定式作主语时经常表示具体动作，而动名词作主语时经常表示抽象动作,A:如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的，可以在不定式前加一个由for引起的短语。Itiseasyforthestudentstoread.Itwillbeamistakeforustohelpyou.,B:下列形容词作表语时，不定式前常加一个of引起的短语，这些形容词是：(表评价性的，来说明逻辑主语的性质，特征，属性）kind,good,nice,wise,unwise,clever,silly,stupid,foolish,wrong,right,careless,rude,polite,naughtyetc.Itskindofyoutothinksomuchofus.Itsunwiseofhimtoleavehomeatonce.Itswrongofhimtospeakbadbehindothers.ItswrongofthesouthtobreakawayfromtheUnion.,小结：动名词与不等式作主语时的区别,一、对称原则二、特殊表达三、固定句型四、习惯用法,主语和表语对称,动名词表示经常性、反复发生的动作不等式表示具体的、某一次的动作,Ittakessbsometimetodosth,Itsnouse/nogood/useless/worthwhile+doingItskind/wise/cleverofsbtodosthItsimportant/necessary/hardforsbtodosth,todo表示具体的动作，-ingform表示泛指的动作，通常1.Herworkis_(look)afterthechildren.2.Myaimis_(go)toTsingHuaUniversity.3.Oneofmybadhabitsis_(bite)nails（指甲）.,作表语,（3）做表语：主语+系动词+不定式,1).其主语多为抽象名词(wish,need),Mywishistobeascientist.Themainthingistokeepourroomclean.,2).,betodo可构成将来时态,表“准备/打算/计划/需要”;,Sheistoreturnnextweek.Itwasabouttoleavewhenitstartedtorain.,不定式动词在介词but，except，besides后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式不带to，否则要带to。,Shecoulddonothingbutcry,Whatdoyouliketodobesidesswim?,Ihavenochoicebuttogo,(4)作定语,不定式作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。不定式常和它所修饰的词有动宾关系。如：,Ihavealotofworktodo.Herearesomebooksforyoutoread.Shewasthefirstpersontothinkoftheidea.TheymadeaplantostudyEnglish.HeexpressedhiswishtovisittheGreatWall.,不定式动词在介词but，except，besides后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式不带to，否则要带to。,Shecoulddonothingbutcry,Whatdoyouliketodobesidesswim?,Ihavenochoicebuttogo,(4)作定语,不定式作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。不定式常和它所修饰的词有动宾关系。如：,Ihavealotofworktodo.Herearesomebooksforyoutoread.Shewasthefirstpersontothinkoftheidea.TheymadeaplantostudyEnglish.HeexpressedhiswishtovisittheGreatWall.,1).目的状语:可放于句首,也可放于句末,前面可加inorder/soas/soasto表强调.,Hewenttoseetheartisthimself.Hestoppedtohavealook.Heransofastastogettoschoolintime,2).结果状语:主要用在enoughto/tooto/onlyto结构中。,Thequestionistoodifficulttoanswer.Theyworkedhardenoughtofinishtheirwork.,3).原因状语:主语+系动词+adj.+todo,表感情的adj.有:happy,surprised,pleased,glad,sorry,anxious(忧虑),disappointed,careful,afraid,wrong.,Imverysorrytoseeyou.Hewasafraidtoleavehimhome,1.Themaninsisted_ataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.A.findB.tofindC.onfindingD.infinding2.Itsnecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview._theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.A.TohavehadB.HavinghadC.HaveD.Having3.Ireallycantunderstand_herlikethat.A.youtreatB.youtotreatC.whyt