小学英语冠词讲解与练习

.1、知识1定义：冠词是用在名词前面，说明名词所表示的人或事物的词。2、知识2：冠词的分类冠词分为不定冠词a, an 和定冠词the（一）不定冠词a, an不定冠词表示数量一个或一. 不定冠词a 用于辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前, an用于元音音素开头的单数可数名词前.但语气没有one强烈。如:a book , a pen , a girl , a worker, an arm , an apple ，an orange , an hour , an egg以字母u 开头的单词，u的发音为/ju:/时, 前面要用a ; 发音为元音音素的单词,前面都要用an 如: a useful book a university an umbrella an hour an honest child an interesting stor用在某些固定词组中。 a bit 有一点儿; 一会儿 a bit of 一点儿; 少许 a few 一些; 少数几个 a little 一点儿 a lot (of ) 许多 a moment later 片刻之后 a pair of 一对，一双 after a while 过一会儿 have a good time 玩得很高兴have a rest休息once upon a time 从前 in a minute 一会儿; 立刻 just a moment 等一会儿 Exercise:一、判断正误 a story( ) a apple ( ) a paper（ ） a orange（ ） a pretty woman（ ） an school ( ) an useful book ( )二、用正确的a和an填空。1、（ ）cat can catch mice.2、The ant is ( ) insect .3、Lucy spends ( )hour doing her home work everyday .4、Bobs father is ( )engineer .5、John is ( ) honest boy三、在空格内填上a或an1. _ear 2._actor 3. _hen 4. _toy 5. _university 6. _elephant 7. _hat 8._umbrella9._rabbit 10._idea 11._hour 12_ honest boy13._interesting book 14._easy question 15._orange dress16_apple pie 17_X-ray machine 18._ice cream(二) 定冠词the定冠词the通常对所修饰的名词有指定作用。1.特指某(些)人或某(些)物，这是定冠词的基本用法。Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都。The man in blue in my father. 穿蓝衣服的男人是我爸爸。2.指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。Open the window please. 请把窗户打开。(双方都知道指的是哪一扇窗户)3.指上文已经提到的人或事物。 There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. 窗户附近有一把椅子。椅子上坐着一位年轻妇女，怀里抱着一个婴儿。I have a book. The book is very interesting. 我有一本书。这本书非常有趣。4.指世上独一无二的事物。Which is the biggest, the sun, the earth or the moon?太阳、地球和月亮哪个最大？A kite is flying in the sky. 一只风筝在天空中飞翔。5.用在乐器名称前。Do you like playing the piano? 你喜欢弹钢琴吗？6. 用在集合名词前，指一个整体。The family are all music lovers. 全家人都是音乐爱好者。The public are the best judges. 公众是最好的审判员。7.用在序数词、形容词最高级前。The first truck is the fastest of all. 第一辆货车跑得最快。8.用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。the Great wall长城 the Summer Palace颐和园9.用在某些形容词前，表示复数意义的某类人。the rich富人 the sick病人 the old老人 the young年轻人the poor_ the deaf _ the blind_10.用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妇俩”。The Turners are going home on a train.11.用在方位词前。on the left在左边 in the east在东方 at the back/front of在的后/前面12.用在某些固定词组中。 all the time 一直at the same time 同时by the way 顺便说in the end 最后in the morning在上午on the earth 在地球上the day after tomorrow 后天the day before yesterday 前天3. 知识3：不用冠词的情况1）在物质名词，抽象名词前不用冠词 The desk is made of wood. What is work? Work is struggle2）专有名词前通常不用定冠词：England， China Mary Lilei Mr.Green 3） 在星期、月份，季节，节日等名词前：We have four seasons- spring, summer, autumn and winter一年有四季：春夏秋冬We often go to sea a film on Sunday. 我们经常周日去看电影。Tomorrow is National Day. 明天是国庆节。4）名词前有物主代词，指示代词，不定代词，名词所有格修饰时(this， my，that， those， these， her)如：this morning my pen your watch whose bike 等5） 在球类运动、一日三餐、学科和语言的名词前如：have breakfast play chess play basketball (注意 在乐器前必须加定冠词 如弹钢琴play the piano play the violin)6）固定短语：by bus 乘坐公共汽车 after school 放学后 in bed 卧床 at first 首先 at noon在中午 on foot步行四、课堂练习1.Mom tells her little daughter old story every night. A. a B. / C. an D. the2. computer on the table is Susans. A. A B. An C. The D. /3.There is map of the world on wall. map is mine.A. a, a, A B. a, the, The C. the, the, The D. the, the, A4. Whites live on floor. A. /, three B. A, third C. The, third D.The, the third5. Spring comes after winter. A. /, / B.The, / C.The, the D.A, the6.I bought shoes yesterday. shoes are very beautiful.A. a, The B. a pair of, The C. the, The D. a pair, The pair7.He was soldier in the Second World War. A. a B. an C. the D. /8.She can play and .A. the tennis, the guitar B. tennis, guitar C. the tennis, guitar D. tennis, the guitar9.I can see moon and clouds in the sky. A. the, a B. a, a C. the, / D. the, the10. “c” is in “cat.” “s” is in “sat.” A. An, An B. An, A C. A, A D. A, An11. Tiananmen Square is in Beijing.A. /, / B. A, / C. The, / D. /, the12.Can you tell me nearest bookshop? Go straight and turn right at_third crossing, and you will see it.A. the, a B. the, the C. a, the D. t