高考英语语法总复习名词性从句ppt课件

名词性从句,1,.,一、名词性从句的种类名词性从句是起名词作用的从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。,2,.,4、同位语从句(appositiveclause),分类,1、主语从句(subjectclause),2、表语从句(predicativeclause),3、宾语从句(objectclause),1、Englishisveryusefulforus.2、WeneedtomasterEnglishwell.3、ThesubjectIaminterestedinisEnglish.4、Hewanttolearnthelanguage,English.,请思考：,3,.,连接副词：when、why、where、how(在从句中作状语),引导词,从属连词：that、if、whether（只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分）,连接代词：who、whom、what、which、whose、whoeverwhomever、whatever、whichever(在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语或定语等),二、引导名词性从句的连接词,4,.,（1）主语从句Thathewillcometothepartyiscertain.Whetherwellgooutingdependsontheweather.Whodidtheworkisunknown.Whoeverleavestheclassroomshouldtellme.Whentheywillcomehasntbeenmadepublic.,5,.,that引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语，常见句型有：itbe形容词(如：obvious，true，natural，surprising，good，wonderful，funny，possible，likely，certain，probable，evident，clear，apparent等)that从句。Itisevidentthatlungcanceriscloselyrelatedtosmoking.,6,.,itbe名词(如：nowonder，anhonour，agoodthing，apity，nosurprise等)that从句。Itsagreatpitythatitsprobablythelasttimethiswillhappen.itbe过去分词(如：said，reported，thought，estimated，expected，decided，announced，arranged，recognized等)that从句。Itisknowntoallthatphysicalexercisescanimproveourphysicalandmentalhealth.类似句型还有：Itcannotbedeniedthat./Itmustbeadmittedthat.,7,.,it动词(如：seem，appear，happen，occurtosb.，makenodifference等)that从句。Itsuddenlyoccurredtohimthathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.that引导主语从句，置于句首时，that不能省略。Thatweareinvitedtoaconcertthiseveningisgoodnewstous.,注意：,8,.,宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词、介词、形容词后Hesuggestedthatwe(should)makeatriptoHongKongnextyear.Iwonderwhetheritistrueornot.Oursuccessdependsonhowwellwecancooperatewitheachother.Iwassurprisedatwhathesaid.Heisconfident(that)hewilwin.,（2）宾语从句,9,.,如果宾语从句后面还有补语，需用it作形式宾语。HemadeitclearthatthetaskshouldbecompletedbySunday.,10,.,1.在口语或非正式问题中，引导宾语从句的that常省略，但在下面情况下，that一般不省略（1）当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，除第一个从句的that外，都不可省略。Hetoldme(that)thepowerwouldbecutoffandthatIshouldgetout.（2）形式宾语it后的that及介词后面的that不能省略。2.如果主句主语是第一人称，谓语动词是think,consider,believe,suppose,expect,fancy,guess,imagine等，后面的宾语从句含有否定意义，否定转移。Idontthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.我认为这件衣服不适合你。,注意：,11,.,表语从句通常位于系动词be,look,remain,seem等之后Thereasonforhisabsencewasthathewasillinhospital.Thatiswhysheissohappy.Thatiswhereyouaremistaken.注：because,as,asif也可以引导表语从句。Thingsarenotastheyseemtobe.事情并不像表面上看起来的那样。Ithinkitisbecauseyouaretoonervous.Itseemsasifitisgoingtorain.,（3）表语从句,12,.,“Thereason(why)isthat”ThereasonwhyIgotwetthroughisthatIhadnoumbrella.ThatswhyIhadnoumbrella.ThatswhyIgotwetthrough.It/ThatisbecauseIgotwetthrough.ThatisbecauseIhadnoumbrella.,考点：,13,.,对名词进行“解释说明”的从句。可以跟同位语从句的名词常为news,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,word(消息),order,fear,proof,belief,advice,demand,truth,wish等。最常见的是that引导的同位语从句。Wordcamethatthemayorwilldelieveraspeechinourschool.Thereisnodoubtthatheisguilty.Ihavenoideawhereweshouldgo.,(4)同位语从句,14,.,三、whoever，whatever，whichever，wherever，whenever，however的用法它们的作用等同于who，what，which，where，when，how，但语气加强了。这类词引导名词性从句时，不能用nomatterwho/what.代替。1引导主语从句。Whoeverdidthisjobmustberewarded.2引导宾语从句，充当直接宾语。Illgiveyouhowevermuchmoneyyouneed.3引导宾语从句，充当间接宾语。Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpahand.,15,.,1.名词性从句必须使用陈述句语序，不能用疑问句。Howcanwedevelopourreadingskills?Thatisaquestion.Thequestionishowwecandevelopourreasingskills.,四、名词性从句的注意事项,16,.,2、连接词whether/if(是否)的用法两者都可引导宾语从句，常可互换使用。但以下情况不能互换：1if只用于引导宾语从句和不放在句首的主语从句。whether皆可2用if会引起误解，就要用whether。Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.(此句如果把whether改成if，可作条件状语从句，因而产生歧义。),17,.,3宾语从句中的whether与ornot直接连用，就不能换成if。Idontknowwhetherornotthereportistrue.4介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether可与不定式连用，也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句。Whetheryoucanmakeprogressinyourstudydependsonwhetheryoutryyourbest.Idontknowwhethertolaughortocry.5.某些动词，如discuss后面只接whether.,18,.,3、that，what引导的名词性从句的区别,19,.,1.表示“的东西或事情”“所的”eg:Theyvedonewhattheycandotohelpher.他们已经尽力帮助了她。2.表示“的人或的样子”Heisnolongerwhathewas.他已经不是以前的那个样子。WhohasmadeFredwhatheisnow?3.表示“的数量或数目”Ourincomenowisdoublewhatitwastenyearsago.我们现在的收入是10年前的两倍。,what的用法归纳,20,.,4.表示“的时间”,Afterwhatseemedlikehourshecameoutwithabittersmile.似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。5.表示“的地方”,相当于theplacethatThisiswhattheycallSaltLakeCity.这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。In1492,ColumbusreachedwhatisnowcalledAmerica.归纳总结：当名词性从句缺少主语、宾语、表语，而缺少的这个词不是指具体的人时，要首先考虑what,21,.,用that/what填空：,1._hewantsisabook.2._hewantstogothereisobvious.3.Theresultis_wewonthegame.4.Thisis_wewanttoknow.5.Is_hetoldustrue?6.Weshouldpayattentionto_theteacherissaying.7.Ihavenodoubt_hewillcome.8.Ihavenoidea_hedidthatafternoon.,What,That,that,what,what,what,that,what,22,.,23,.,.用适当的连接词填空1_thedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.2Ithink_impressesmeabouthispaintingisthecoloursheuses.3Exactly_thepotatowasintroducedintoEuropeisuncertain，butitwasprobablyaround1565.,24,.,4Somepeoplebelieve_hashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.5Pickyourselfup.Courageisdoing_youreafraidtodo.6Itisdifficultforustoimagine_lifewaslikeforslavesintheancientworld.7Thebestmomentforthefootballstarwas_hescoredthewinninggoal.8Grandmapointedtothehospitalandsaid，“Thats_Iwasborn.”,25,.,9AsJohnLennononcesaid，lifeis_happenstoyouwhileyouarebusymakingotherplans.10“Everytimeyoueatasweet，drinkgreentea.”Thisis_mymotherusedtotellme.11Ithink_itsourdutytohelpparentsdosomehousework.12Itookpridein_Ihaddoneintheabsenceofmyfather.13Iamwondering_youcanpickhimupattheairport.,26,.,14Thisis_Iamthinkingaboutthepicture.15Iknow_itis_Idontspendmuchtimememorizingthemafterclass.16Iamwondering_youcanhelpmesellsome.17Bytheway，doyouknow_theystandfor?18Isincerelyhope_youwillgivemeachanceandpleasebelievethatIwillbeagoodvicepresident.,27,.,19Personallyspeaking，Idontthink_theseparentsdoishelpfultotheirchildren.20Itsreported_about30volunteerswhoareatleast18yearsoldwillbechosenfromallovertheworldtotheMarsbytheyearof2015.21Iwouldappreciateit_youcouldselltheknotsfor10dollarseach.22Itsourdesire_youshouldprovidesomemoneytofundourprogram，aswellasofferussomepracticalsuggestions.,28,.,答案1.When2.what3.when4.whatever5.what6what7.when8.where9.what10.what11.that12what13.whether14.how15.that；because16whether17.what18.that19.what20.that21if22.that,29,.,.语篇填空(用适当的名词性从句连接词完成下列短文)Iamgoingtotellyouanunbelievablethingthathappenedinmyrestauranttoday.Thisafternoonapoorlydressedgentlemancameintomyr