高考英语系统复习名词ppt课件

.,1,词汇量：5500多单词,简单句并列句复合句,词类,名词和冠词,动词,代词和数词,介词和连词,形容词和副词,非谓语动词,动词时态.,情态动词,定语从句名词性从句状语从句,高中英语,语言知识,语言运用,虚拟语气,听力,阅读,写作,词法,句法,系动词,助动词,实义动词,语态,强调句型,主谓一致,倒装,省略,.,2,名词,.,3,名词考点：1.单复数2.所有格3.可数名词不可数名词4.主谓一致,.,4,名词在句子中的作用,找出句子中的名词并指出它们的作用Thetrainisapproaching.Thestoryisveryinteresting.Iwillspendmysummerholidayonthebeach.Ireadabookinthelibrary.Shebecamemyfriend.Heisateacher.HespeaksEnglish.Ididitforthecountry.,.,5,9.Theyhavegreatconcernforusstudents.10.Chinaourmotherlandisadevelopingcountry.11.Themeetinglastedanhour.12.Wemadehimourmonitor.,13.Takeaseat,MissLake.14.Wemadehimourmonitor.,.,6,名词的句法功能：名词在句子中可以多种句子成分，如做,语等。,.,7,用所给词的正确形式填空并判断语法功能:1(2016全国，61)Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asiasbiggestbuilding,andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop_(attract)2(2016全国，69)Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew_(day)withhissister.3(2016全国，42)Handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyoullfeelarealsenseof_(achieve)4(2016全国，46)Recent_(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaksregularly.,.,8,I.可数名词的复数变法,情况,加法,例词,一般情况,以s,x,ch,sh,结尾的词,以辅音y结尾的词,以辅音+o结尾的词,以f或fe结尾的词,加-s,加-es,去y加-ies,多数加-es,把f/fe改成ves,brothers;schools,buses;watches;dishes,ladies;countries,heroes;tomatoes,halves;leaves,1.规则动词,.,9,不规则名词单复数变化:,（1）单复数同形:sheep,deer,fish,means,species,works(工厂),aircraft,spacecraft,Chinese,Japanese,Swiss（2）改变字母：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,saleswomansaleswomen,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,goose-geese,mousemicebasis-bases（3）增加字母:child-children,oxoxen,.,10,（4）以o结尾的词：加s:photo,radio,piano,zoo,studio,bamboo,tobacco加es:tomato,potato,heroNegroesandheroesliketoeattomatoesandpotatoes.（5）以f或fe结尾的词:直接加s：roof,proof,belief,chief,gulf,变f为v再加es：life,wife,knife,half,leaf,wolf,thiefWivesseesthievesareundershelves.Holingknivestokillwolves.Fallenleavescutwolvesintotwohalves,losinglives.,妻子见贼架下藏。手持刀子要杀狼。树叶把狼分两半，可怜老狼把命亡。,.,11,(6)合成名词的复数形式：1.将合成名词中的主体名词变为复数：looker(s)-on,passer(s)-by,mother(s)-in-law将最后一部分变为复数：grown-up(s),go-between(s)(中间人），2.含man或woman的合成名词：它们随其后名词单复数的变化而变化。如：amandoctor-twomendoctorswomanteacher-womenteachers注意：boystudents,girlfriends,ladydoctors,.,12,A名词只能用复数形式的短语：doexercises（做操）takenotes(做笔记）taketurns（轮流）makefriendswith（交朋友）shakehandswith(握手）asfollows（如下）inrags（衣衫褴褛）indozens（成打的）,.,13,II.不可数名词的”数”,1.抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。如：抽象名词（不可数）具体化（个体名词，可数名词）insurprise惊讶地asurprise一件令人惊讶的事winsuccess获得成功asuccess一个(件)成功的人(事)winhonor赢得荣誉anhonor一个(件)引以为荣的(事)byexperience靠经验anexperience一次经历youth青春ayouth一个青年人havepityonsb.怜悯某人apity可惜的事情withpleasure乐意apleasure乐事,.,14,Failureisthemotherofsuccess.Hethoughthimselfafailure.HehasgotrichexperienceaftermanyexperiencesThoughshelovesbeauty,sheisnotabeauty.Hegainssuccessinmarriage,butheisnotasuccessincareer.,.,15,2.抽象名词与a(an)连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。如：AknowledgeofEnglishisamustininternationaltrade.Wouldyouliketohaveawalk(swim,bath,talk)withme?Itisawasteoftimereadingsuchanovel.,.,16,必须牢记的不可数名词,progressadvicefuninformationworkbaggageluggagenewsjewelryweatherequipmentknowledgehomeworkfurniture改错：1.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.2.Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenourviewandgainknowledges.,.,17,1)当不可数名词表示个体时，必须使用单位名词(量词)。apieceofadvice/bread/chalk/newsapairofglasses/shoes/trouserstwobottlesofink/milk/wine2）下面不可数名词不可与不定冠词连用。adviceweatherknowledgehomeworkprogressfunnewshouseworkinformationfurnituretraffic,.,18,3)有些名词的用法随意义变化而不同。coffee(咖啡)acoffee(一杯咖啡)glass(玻璃)aglass(玻璃杯)man(人类)aman(男人)iron(铁)aniron(熨斗)room（空间）aroom（房间）work（工作）awork（著作）paper（报纸）apaper（报社）hair（头发）hairs（几根头发）,.,19,III.名词单复数的特殊情况:,集体名词只用作复数：police,cattle,people，public,theyouth(2)集体名词用作不可数名词:clothing,furniture,luggage(baggage),wealth(3)集体名词视具体情况而定单复数：family,class,population,staff,crew,couple,public,group,team,party,club,company,government,committee,audience,enemy(4)只有复数形式的名词:clothes,trousers,jeans,twins,glasses,scissors,goods，wages,tears,.,20,(5)以s结尾但不表示复数:mathematics,physics,politics,news,woods(森林),works(工厂)(6)有没有s结尾意义不同：glassglasses,clothclothes,workworks,waterwaters,woodwoods,goodgoods,timetimes(时代),paperpapers(论文)customcustoms(海关),(7)姓氏后加s并带冠词，表一家人或夫妇俩:theGreens；theChengs,.,21,名词所有格表示名词间的所有关系“的”一.名词所有格的构成方法1.单数名词后加“s”*Tomsbook*myfriendsuncle2.以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“”即可*TeachersDay*twoweeksholiday3.不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“s”*ChildrensDay*mensshoes,.,22,注意：但是有些表示时间、距离、国家、等无生命的东西的名词，可以加“s”来构成所有格。Todaysnewspapertenminuteswalk，Chinasproblem，tomorrowsweatherintwoyearstimetwohoursdelay注意：twohoursdelay=atwo-hourdelay：例如：WehavetenminutesbreakWehaveatenminutebreak4.用of加名词，构成所属关系的短语，主要用于表示无生命名词的所有关系*apictureoftheclassroomthecoverofthebook,.,23,.双重属格：限定词+名词+of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词强调左边的名词是右边名词的一部分：afriendofmyfathers;twoclassmatesofminesomefriendsofmybrothersthatbookofTims,.,24,二.名词所有格的几个注意点1.可用名词所有格表示地点,地点名词习惯上省略*myaunts(home）*gototheteachers(office）2.表示两人共同拥有,在最后一个名词后加“s”LucyandLilysroom露西和莉莉的房间（两人共有）LucysandLilysroom.露西的房间和莉莉的房间（两人各有）,.语境感悟Two_1_(月)ago，Ihaddinnerat_2_(Mr.White)withtwo_3_(朋友)andthree_4_(英雄).Duringthedinner，Whitetalkedalotabouthis_5_(experience)inAmerica.Hetoldmethattheymetwithmany(difficult).Hegainedhis_8_(wealthy)byprintingworksoffamouswriters.Afterthedinner，hemadefive_9_(tea)forus.AsfarasIamconcerned，IthoughtMr.Whitefocusedtoomuchon(successful)becausehedidntwanttobea_10_(fail).,.,26,高考真题,1.Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.2.Theteenageyearfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.3.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.4.Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenourviewandgainknowledges.5.Istayedhereforoneandahalfhourandmadesurethatthegirlwasallhopeyouunderstand.,.,27,6.Withinthenextfewminute,mygrandfatheralsocaughtafish.7.Somefriendso