雅思培训完整(pie-)ppt课件

Task1PieChart,.,Review,.,Task1-PieChart,饼图关注的对象：占据的表达比例/百分比的表达比较（连接词）重点：最大值、最小值、相同或相似的、成倍的排序,.,1.占据表达,占：A占总体的N%.A+makeup/takeup+N%ofthetotal.accountfor/amounttoconstitute/form/compriserepresent/covercontribute被动句：N%ofX+besharedbyA.,.,2.ApproximatePercentage概数,当N%不精确时，可用概数代替：Asmallpercentageof(20%)=onefifthExactlyaquarterof(25%)Exactlyonethird(33%)Theminorityof(40%),.,Halfof(50%)Themajorityof(60%)Threequartersof(75%)Mostof(80%),2.ApproximatePercentage概数,.,Practice,1.医保部门将近一半的工作人员是志愿者。Volunteersconstitutenearlyhalfoftheworkforceofthehealthcaresector.2.垃圾填埋地中36%是城市垃圾，24%是商业和工业垃圾，40%是建筑垃圾。Landfilliscomposedof36%municipalwaste,24%commercialandindustrialwasteand40%constructionwaste.,.,3.比较,ishigher/more/lower/lessthanTheproportionofA+exceed/surpass/overtake(v)outnumber+thatofB.,.,Usefulsentences,Chinaistheworldsmostpopulouscountry,withapopulationofmorethan1.4billion,faraheadofIndia,with1billionpeople.ThepopulationofFranceisonlymarginallylargerthanthatofBritain.Theproportionofhomeownerswasashighas78%in1989,inmarkedcontrasttoamere35%adecadeearlier.,.,相同Abeidenticalwith/thesamewithB.AbeequaltoB.大体相同,相似：AandBaremoreorlessalike.AandBareroughlythesame.AandBshowgreatresemblance.,.,.,SinglePie,Step1观察单个饼图中有哪几个区域，各个区域分别代表什么Step2观察单个饼图中各区域间的百分比差异,.,SinglePie,首段:Thispiechartrelatesthepercentage/proportionof描述对象+地点+时间结尾:总结最大值或不写结尾。,.,SinglePie,Body：(一段；排序)1）第一大值第二大值第三大值2-3个最小值or2）最大值最小值2-3个较小值时态（根据情况）,.,Body：(一段；排序)第一大值第二大值第三大值.2-3个最小值Accordingtothechart,Atakesupthelargestpercentage(.%)ofthetotal(population,expenditure.).FollowedbyC(.%),Bholdsthenextlargestproportion(.%),x%lowerthanA.Bycontrast,D,E,Fmakeupasmallpercentageofthetotal(population,expenditure.),whichare.%,.%and.%respectively.,.,Body：(一段；排序)最大值最小值2-3个较小值Accordingtothechart,Atakesupthelargestproportion(.%)ofthetotal.Incontrast,thesmallestproportiongoesforB,whichisonly.%.Asthoselieinthemiddle/Then,C,D,Eaccountfor.%,.%and.%respectively.,.,.,Task1-DoublePies(static),comparefiguresbetweentwopies,.,Thetwopiechartsshowthetimeofusingtheinternetfordifferentpurposesindifferentgenders.,.,percentageoftotaltimeofusingtheinternetontypesofwebsite,.,.,排序,1.Male&Female:Entertainment(最大)V.S.News（最小）2.Malefemale:Shopping&Sports3.FemaleMale:Academic&Others,.,Analysis,开头段:Thetwopiechartscomparethedifferencesbetweenmenandwomenintermsofhowtheyallocatetheirinternettime.,.,Entertainment(最大)V.S.News（最小）,Clearlyentertainmentisthemajoraimofgettingonlineforbothmenandwomen,accountingfor40%ofand35%oftheirwebtimerespectively.Newsistheleasttimeconsumingforeveryoneeventhoughitcostsmen(8%)muchmoretimethanwomen(1%).,.,Malefemale:Shopping&Sports,ShoppingandsportsareimportantthingstodoontheInternetformaleswhospend20%ofvirtualspacetimeoneachofthem.Incomparison,thecorrespondingpercentagesforfemalesareonlyhalfofthoseformales.,.,StudentsSamples1,Academicpurposeseemstoattractfemalesmore,whichconstitutes20%ofthetotaltime,8%higherthanthatofmales.Meanwhile,femalesaremoreconcentratedonotherthings,makingup18%and8%respectively.,.,StudentsSamples1,Academicseemstoattractfemalesmore,whichconstitutes20%ofthetotaltime,8%higherthanmale.Inthemeanwhile,femalesaremoreconcentratedonotherthingsexceptforshopping,news,sportsandacademic,makingupfor18%and8%respectively.,.,StudentsSamples2,Academicresearchandotherthingsarelessattractivetomaleswhospend12%and8%timeonthem,respectively.Onthecontrary,femalesshowmoreinterestinthosethings,thepercentagesoftimespentonwhicharenearlytwiceasmanyasthoseformales.,.,StudentsSamples2,Academicandotherthingsarelessattractivetomaleswhospend12%and8%timeonthem,respectively.Onthecontrary,femalesshowmoreinterestinthosethings,whicharenearlytwiceasmuchasmales.,.,StudentsSamples,Academicandothersareimportantthingstodoforfemalesoninternet,whichaccountfor20%and18%respectively.Incontrast,thecorrespondingproportionsoftimethatmalesspentare8%and10%,lessthanthoseoffemales.,.,Femalesseemtoprefertostudyontheinternet,spendingonefifthtimeonacademicresearch.Inthecontrary,malesjustdevote/contribute12%forthesamepurpose.Similarly,femalesspend18%timeindoingotherthings,10percenthigherthanthatbymales.,.,timeofusingtheinternet=allocateinternettime/webtime=spend.virtualspacetimeon=costmen/womenX%.,.,YourTurn,.,FemaleMale:Academic&Others,Incontrast,womenfocusmoreonacademicstudy,whichoccupies20%ofthetimespentontheInternet,thanmen(12%)do.Thesimilardisparityalsoexistsintheotheractivities.Tobespecific,femalesdedicate18%,whereasmalesonlydedicate8%inthiscategory.,.,比较衔接,类比：Similarly,Likewise,Inthesameway,Inlikemanner,+句子Thesameistrueof/inB.B也有同样情况.对比：Conversely,.In/Bycontrast,.Onthecontrary,.Incomparison,.A,while/whereas/whilstB,.,Conclusion,Fromthedataitcanbeconcludedthatmenandwomenhavedifferenttimescheduleonwebactivities.Overview:Butthecommonthingisthattheybothspendthelargestproportionoftimeonentertainmentandsmallestpartonnews.,.,Usefulsentences,Theincomedifferencesbetweensexesevenout(平衡/相等)withage.Thedropin1995wasatoddswith(与.不一致)thesharprisein1999.,.,.,Task1-PieChart(doublepies),.,Task1-DoublePies1(dynamic),Thepiegraphsshowgreenhousegasemissionsworldwidein2002andtheforecastfor2030.,.,Task1-DoublePies(dynamic),Ascanbeseeninthetwopiecharts,developingcountriesareexpectedtoaccountforabiggershareofemissionsin2030,48%,comparedto38%in2002.Incontrast,OECDcountriesareprojectedtomakeupalowerproportion,43%,9%downoverthesameperiod.Countrieswithtransitioneconomiesareestimatedtotakeuptheremaining9%in2030,1%lessthanin2002.,.,.,Task1-DoublePies2(dynamic),.,.,.,.,Method1:,Step1描写两饼中的最大值（扇面5时，先选最大值（一般2个），剩余按趋势分类。）静态比较（饼图内数值大小）：占据、最高级、百分比动态比较（饼图间趋势变化）：增加或减少，倍数关系Step2：根据上升、下降、不变/平稳分类并描述剩余数据,.,Food&cars,Foodandcarsmadeupthetwobiggestitemsofexpenditureinbothyears.Togethertheycomprisedoverhalfofhouseholdspending.Foodaccountedfor44%ofspendingin1966,butthisdroppedbytwothirdsto14%in1996.However,theoutlayoncarsdoubled,risingfrom23%in1966to45%in1996.,.,Restaurants&ComputersV.S.Books,Otherareaschangedsignificantly.Spendingoneatingoutdoubled,climbingfrom7%to14%.Theproportionofsalaryspentoncomputersincreaseddramatically,upfrom1%in1996to10%in1996.However,ascomputerexpenditurerose,thepercentageofoutlayonbooksplungedfrom6%to1%.,.,Petrol&furniture,Someareasremainedrelativelyunchanged.Americansspentapproximatelythesameamountofsalaryonpetrolandfurnitureinbothyears.,.,UsefulSentences,Rentasapercentageofthehouseholdexpendituremorethandoubledbetween1974and1998,from5%to12%.Chinasagriculturaltradedeficitjumped1.5timesto$35billionoverthefive-yearperiod.,.,倍数的表达,A是B的N倍。1.A+be+Ntimes+as+形容词原级+asB.2.A+be+Ntimes+形容词比较级+thanB.3.A+be+Ntimes+thesize/length/height+of+B,.,倍数的表达,double(verb)翻一番Thenumberofunemployedpeopledoubledbetween2005and2009.double(adj)是.的两倍Theoutputisdoublethatoflastyear.,.,倍数的表达,treble(verb,adj)成三倍；是.的三倍triplequadruple(verb,adj)翻两番；是.的四倍,.,倍数的表达,twiceas.as/comparedto,threetimesas.as/comparedtoEg:Thereweretwiceasmanyunemployedpeoplein2009asin2005.Twiceasmanypeoplewereunemployedin2009comparedto2005.,.,倍数的表达,.A增至N倍（增加了N-1倍）1.Aincrease(to)Ntimes2.AincreasebyNtimes3.AincreasebyafactorofN4.AincreaseN-fold5.ThereisaN-foldincrease/growthin.,.,倍数的表达,减少到1/N1.decreaseNtimes/N-fold2.decreasebyNtimes3.decreasebyafactorofN4.ThereisaN-folddecrease/reductionin.,.,TranslationExercise,1.中英两国贸易在过去五年里翻了一番。ChinesetradewithBritainhasdoubledoverthelastfiveyears.2.新建的广场的规模是以前的四倍大。Thenewlybuiltsquareisfourtimesthesizeofthepreviousone.,.,TranslationExercise,3.近几年来，电视机的价格下降了一半。ThepriceofTVshasbeentwofolddownovertheseyears.4.到2020年中国将实现国内生产总值比2000年翻两番，达到40000亿美元。By2020,ChinasGDPwillquadruplethatof2000toapproximatelyUSD4trillion.,.,YourTurn,.,Workingandsleepingmakeupthetwolargestexpenditureontimein1985,whichbothaccountforonethirdofthetotal,whilegoingoutwithfamilyandfriendsonlycontributes11%.However,itisclearthatpeoplearemorelikelytoworkharderthesedays.Comparingwith1985,workingcoveredmoreinpeopleslife,takinguptheminorityofthetime,whilesleepingdroppedtoonequarterofit.Whatsmore,theoutlayongoingoutwithfamilyandfriendsdecreasedto2times.,.,Task1-DoublePies3(dynamic),Thechartshowsthepercentageoftimeworkingadultsspentthedayondifferentactivitiesinaparticularcountryin1985and2008.(2014.1.25),.,19852008,.,.,Method2:,Step1:描写1985年的数据（大小排序）Step2：描写2008（上升、下降、不变/平稳）overview:working(最大)，relaxingathome(上升),.,.,SampleAnswer,P1:Thetwopiechartsshowhowdailyscheduleofworkingadultsinonecountrychangesintwospecificyears:1985and2008.Overall,peoplespentmoretimeonworkingbutlessonsleeping,andtheyrelaxedathomemorethanwentoutovertime.,.,P2:,In1985,almostonethirdofthedaywasspentonworking(33%),andmarginallylesstimewasonsleeping(32%).Goingoutwithfriendsandfamilywasthenacommonpastime,takingup19%.Incontrast,theotheractivitiescombined,includingrelaxingathome,playingsports(orotherhobbies)andtraveltowork,justaccountedfor16%.,.,P3:,In2008,workingandsleepngtogetherstillconstitutedalmosttwothirdsoftheday,butthepreviousbalancenolongerheld.Whiletheshareoftheformerroseconsiderablyto42%,thelattershrankto25%.Intermsofrecreationalactivities,hangingoutwithfriendsorfamilyexperiencedatwo-thirdsreductionoftime(6%),replacedbyrelaxingathome(13%).Inaddition,thetimetheyspentontheroadclimbedto8%,surpassingthatonsportsplayingwhichremainedunchangedat6%.,.,P4:,Inconclusion,duringtheseyears,workingtookmoretimeoftheday,andthepopularityofindoorrelaxationincreasedovertime.,.,.,Task1-PieChart(threepies),.,Cambridge8Test2Task1P53,ThethreepiechartsbelowshowthechangesinannualspendingbyaparticularUKschoolin1981,1991and2001.Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.,.,.,审题,1题目显示信息：英国某学校在1981年、1991年和2001年这三年每年的花费情况。2.饼图显示信息：时态过去时态3.变量：时间4.不变量：地区+比较对象,.,写作思路,1.扇面5时，先选最大值（一般2个），剩余按趋势分类。2.既要涉及同一年份不同花费项目之间的比较（静态比较），还有描述同一花费项目在不同年份之间的变化。（动态比较）3.既有“变化”又有“比较”时，重点写“变化”4.写比较时则要强调占据最大/最小比例的项目,.,.,.,.,开头段,ThethreepiechartsbelowshowthechangesinannualspendingbyaparticularUKschoolin1981,1991and2001.ThechartsdescribehowmuchaUKschoolspentondifferentrunningcostsinthreeseparateyears:1981,1991and2001.,.,TeachersandOtherworkerssalaries(最大值),Inallthreeyears,thegreatestexpenditurewasonstaffsalaries.Butwhileotherworkerssalariessawafallfrom28%in1981toonly15%ofspendingin2001,teacherspayremainedthebiggestcost,reaching50%oftotalspendingin1991andendingat45%in2001.,.,Resources（中间值，先增加后减少）,Expenditureonresourcessuchasbookshadincreasedto20%by1991beforedecreasingtoonly9%bytheendoftheperiod.,.,FurnitureandEquipment（中间值，先减少后增加）,Incontrast,thecostoffurnitureandequipmentsawanoppositetrend.Thiscostdecreasedtoonly5%oftotalexpenditurein1991butrosedramaticallyin2001whenitrepresented23%oftheschoolbudget.,.,insurance（最小值，一直增加）,Similarly,thecostofinsurancesawarisingtrend,growingfromonly2%to8%by2001.,.,Conclusion,Overall,teacherssalariesconstitutedthelargestcosttotheschool,andwhilespendingincreaseddramaticallyforequipmentandinsurance,therewerecorrespondingdropsinexpenditureonthingssuchasbooksandonotherworkerssalaries.静态对比（每个饼图内部）动态对比（各个饼图之间）,.,Task1-PieChart(fourpies),.,Cambridge7Test4Task1-P101,ThepiechartsbelowshowunitsofelectricityproductionbyfuelsourceinAustraliaandFrancein1980and2000.Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.,.,.,审题,1.题目所示信息：1980年及2000年，澳洲和法国通过不同燃料发电的电量情况。2.饼图所示信息：时态过去时态3.变量：时间+地区4.不变量：比较对象,.,写作思路（综合）,1.扇面5时，先选最大值（一般2个），剩余按趋势分类。2.总体比较极值比较3.写比较时则要强