八年级英语期末复习VIP

期末复习,一、主要语法点：二、易混淆词组三、交际用语,1.系表结构,定义：系动词是表示主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的词。本身有词义，但不能单独做谓语，须后接表语构成“系表结构”来说明主语的状况、性质、特征。常见的系动词有：1.be,2.become,get,turn,grow,go,keepseem3.look,feel,sound,taste,smell,等。,1.Theseorangestaste_andsell_A.good,wellB.well,goodC.good,goodD.well,well2.Thefoodcango_sooninsummer.A.badlyB.badC.goodD.well,A,B,2、状语从句,1、原因状语从句表示主句所发生的原因或理由。通常用because，as，since和for引导。2、时间状语从句，要注意时态一致。一般情况下，主句是一般将来时/含情态动词/祈使句，从句用一般现在时。主句是过去时态，从句也要相应用过去时态。连接词有：when，while，as，before，after，since，till，until等。“notuntil”直到才assoonas一就Hedidntcomeback_hefinishedallthework.A.whenB.afterC.untilD.before,即主将从现,C,3、条件状语从句由if，unless（除非），incase（万一），aslongas（只要）等词引导。条件状语从句同时间状语从句一样，谓语动词常用一般现在时表示将来。（易考点：主将从现）Ifit_,IwontgotothebeachthisSunday.A.willrainB.israiningC.rainsD.israin,C,4、结果状语从句表示主句的动作所引起的结果，可以用sothat,suchthat,.sothat.等引导。1.在sothat结构中，so是副词，与形容词或副词连用，结构是so+adj/adv+that从句。2.在suchthat结果中，such是形容词，后面跟可数或不可数名词。结构是：such+a(n)(+adj.)+单数名词+that从句such(+adj)+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that从句当名词前有many，much，few，little等表示数量多少的词修饰时，用so，不用such。-即somany/much/few/little+n当单数名词前有形容词时，即可用so，也可用such，但不定冠词的位置却不同.-即so+adj+a/an+n或such+a/an+adj+neg:Thisissuchanimportantmeetingthatyoushouldattend.=Thisissoimportantameetingthatyoushouldattend.3.sothat既可以引导目的状语从句(为的是，以便于）也可以引导结果状语从句（因此）。,5.让步状语从句eventhough,1.Hewas_tired_hefellasleepsoon.A.tootoB.sothatC.suchthat2.Roseis_agoodgirl_everyonelikesher.,B,C,3.使役动词的用法,(1)概念：“使役”就是叫别人去做事情的意思。(2)使役动词make和let的用法：make+sb/sth+v.n.adj.-Hemadeuslaughinclassyesterday.-Thesongmakesmehappy.-Weagreetomakehimmonitor.let+sb+v.Heletmedrinkthewater.Exercise那个男孩把那个婴儿弄哭了。Theboy_thebaby_.,madecry,4、动词不定式：,由“to+v(原)”构成。在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。其否定形式是nottodo与what，who，whose，when，where，how等疑问词连用，作宾语、宾语补足语、主语等。如：Idontknowwhattodonext（宾语）一感：feel二听：hear,listento三让：let,make,have四看：see,lookat,watch,notice半帮助help可接不带to的不定式做宾语补足语（强调过程）注意：hear，see,watch,notice后也可以接动词ing形式作宾语补足语，强调动作在进行。,1.Ourteachertoldus_anynoiseinclass.A.dontmakeB.notmakeC.tonotmakeD.nottomake2._isimportantforustolearnEnlish.A.ItB.ThatC.He3.Hewantstoknowwhatheshoulddonext.(同义句)Hewantstoknow_next.,D,A,whattodo,5、宾语从句：,1.定义:一个句子在另一个主句中作宾语。2.引导词：1).由连词that引导的宾语从句，that可以省略。2).由if/whether引导，意为“是否”，“是不是”。语序用陈述语序(主语+谓语)。连接词不能省略。whether和if引导宾从时通常可以互换。但以下情况，whether不可以换成if。whether之后紧跟ornot时。whether引导主语从句位于句首时。eg:Whethertheywillgobyairorbytrainhasntdecided.whether用在带有to的动词不定式前。eg:Pleasetelluswheathertogoorstay.-放介词之后.e.gwearetalkingaboutwhetherwewilltakehimthere.3).疑问词what,how,when引导3.语序:陈述句语序,时态：1.主句使用现在时时，从句根据需要选择时态。2.主句用过去时，从句要用过去时态的某种形式。3.如果宾语从句陈述的是客观真理，事实等，其时态不受上述限制，用一般现在时态。eg:Theteachertoldmetheearthisround.老师告诉过我，地球是圆的。否定前移Idontthinkthatshewillraisealotofmoney.,()1.Idontknowifit_tomorrow.Ifit_,Illgohiking.A.willrain,rainsB.rains,wontrainC.willrain,doesntrainD.rains,doesntrain()2.Heaskedme_.A.ifshewillcomeB.howmanybooksIwanttohaveC.TheywouldhelpusdoitD.whathappenedtome,C,D,注意：当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：Whatswrong?Whatsthematter?Whatshappening?Whathappeneed?Whichisthewayto.?eg:Idontknowwhatsthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?,6、形容词的同级比较：,1.A+be+as+形容词原级+as+B(A与B一样.)eg:Thisclassroomisaslargeasthatone.2.否定：A+be+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B“A不如B那么”(A不如B.)eg:Helenisnotas/sothinashersister.-表示倍数，如“一半/两倍/三倍”half/twice/threetimes+asaseg:Youarenothalfascleverasyouthinkyouare.你还没有你自认为的一半聪明。,7、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级,1.A+谓语+比较级+than+B“A做某事比B更”eg:Hisbrotherworkedharderthanhim.2.比较级+and+比较级“越来越”eg:Hegotworseandworse,sohedidntgotowork.3.the+比较级，the+比较级“越，越”eg:Theharderyouwork,themoreyouget.4.比较级前可用much,alot,alittle,abit,evenstill,far等词来修饰。e.gHerappleismuchbiggerthanmine,5.比较级应在同类事物中进行.e.gMyEnglishisbetterthankangkangs.6.less+adj/adv原级-该adj/adv须为由more构成比较级的词,可以与notas/so.as.进行互换.e.gThemathproblemislessimportantthanthatone.7.adj最高级前应加the,adv最高级前的the则省略.8.ofthetwo,应用the+比较级9.of/in的区别.,oneofthe+最高级+名词复数,最高级的常用句型,最高级+of(in),LuXunisoneofthegreatestwriterslastcentury.,Ofallthemoviestars,IthinkZhangZiyiisthebest.,1.Thebreadis_thanthesecakesA.verydeliciousB.muchdeliciousC.moredeliciousD.asdelicious,2.LinTaojumped_inthelongjumpintheschoolsportsmeetingA.farB.fartherC.farthestD.quitefar,3.Whentheymetinthehotel.Theytalkedandlaughed_A.happilyB.happyC.happierD.happiest,C,C,Practice,A,8.感叹句：,what+（a/an）+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!what+adj+复名/不可名+主语+谓语!How+形容词+主语+谓语!_badweatheritistoday!_uglydogitis!,二、易混词辨析,1、ed形容词与ing形容词的区别：如，interested与interestingsurprised与surprising等ed形容词表示“感到的”，主语是人。ing形容词表示“令人的”，主语为物。2、because+从句/becauseof+短语instead一般放在句子后面/insteadof+被代替的部分，位于句中eg:Ifyouarebusy,youcancomeanotherdayinstead.eg:Iwenttherebybusinsteadofonfoot.,3、experience解释成经历时，可数。解释成经验时，不可数。exercise解释成练习时，可数。解释成锻炼时，不可数。4、thinkover仔细考虑，慎重考虑thinkabout想，考虑thinkof想起，认为eg:Whatdoyou_thefilm?,5、noisy嘈杂的，喧闹的，是noise的形容词。noise嘈杂声，令人不愉快的声音，说话声。noisilyadv.voice人说话或唱歌的声音，嗓音。sound指可以听到的任何声音。eg:Hehasagood_.Heopenedthedoorwithouta_.Dontmakesomuch_,6、attheendof“在最后/尽头”intheend=atlast最后7、lookfor（有目的）寻找，强调动作。find找到，发现，强调结果。findout多指通过调查询问之后，弄明白。,8.cost主语是物。-sth+cost+sb+somemoneyspend主语是人。-sb+spendonsth/sbspendindoingsth-pay主语是人。paysomemoneyforsthtake常表示花费时间。Ittakessbsometimetodosth,练习：花费,1.Howmuchdoesyourcoat_?2.He_twentyyuanonthedictionary.3.She_tenyuanforthebook.4.It_themtenyearstobuiltthepyramid.5.Thepen_mefiveyuan.6.He_fiveyearsstudyingEnglish.,9、bestrictinsth在方面要求严格bestrictwithsb对要求严格10、beusedto（doing)sth习惯，适应usedtodosth过去常常做某事11、inthe+方位词+of在某一范围内on用于相互接壤且互不管辖的两个地方。to用于互不接壤且互不管辖的两个地方。,12.lonely孤独，寂寞/alone单独一个Helives_,buthedoesntfeel_.13.复合形容词-只当定语,后接名词.aten-year-oldboy/aneight-year-oldgirlaone-year-oldbaby/afive-meter-longsnake有时没有形容词400-meterracetwodayvisite.gIwanttoaskfora_(两天的)leave.Iwanttoaskfor_leave.,14.through内部穿过（door,gate,forest,desert,city）across表面穿过（street，road,river）15.win后面通常跟比赛、竞赛、名次或战争，表“获胜”beat后面通常跟人，表“战胜”e.g.:Hewonthefirstinthematch.他在比赛中获得了第一名。Atlast,hebeateveryone.最后他击败了每个人。,16.makesb./sth.successful使成功Wishsbsuccess祝某人成功17.inorderto+v.sothat/inorderthat+从句18.Wouldyoumindif？表示请求允许或客气地请人做事。Wouldyoumind+doing？用来客气地提出请求，否定式Wouldyoumind+not+doing?(3)Wouldyoumindsb/sbsdoing.?回答允许：Ofcoursenot./Notatall.不允许：Yes,youdbetternot.,19.remembertodo记得要做某事（事情还没有做）否定式：remembernottodosth.rememberdoing记得做过某事（事情已经做过20.toomuch“太多”后跟不可数名词也可修饰动词。muchtoo“太.”后跟形容词或副词。toomany“太多”后跟可数名词的复数。,20.fillwith“用装满”,fill用作动词，befilledwith等于befullof意为“充满，装满”21.bemadeof+原材料（能看出）“由制成”Thebookismadeofpaper.bemadefrom+原材料（看不出）“由制成”Paperismadefromwood.bemadein+地点“在生产”TheTVismadeinShanghai.bemadeupof./bemadeinto./bemadeby.,22.-puton+服装“穿”（强调动作）如：Janeisputtingonacoat.-wear+服装“穿着”（强调状态）如：TomwearsaT-shirttoday.-bedressedin+服装“穿着”（强调状态,可同wear互换）-dressin+服装“穿着”（强调状态，可同wear互换）-dress+sb/oneself“给穿衣”如:Themotherisdressinghebaby.-in+颜色（+服装）“穿颜色的衣服”如：Sheisinareddress.-haveon+衣-表状态,无进行时.,23.hard“艰苦的、努力地“（即可做形容词也可作副词）-Heworkshard.hardly“几乎不”HecanhardlyspeakJapanese,_he?24.except“除.之外”（除之外没有),常与but互换,后可接动词不定式,但but前有实义动词do时,后接v(原).WeallwentexceptTom.（除了Tom没去外我们都去了。只有Tom没去)besides“除之外”（除之外还有）WeallwentbesidesTom.（除了Tom去了之外，我们都去了。不仅Tom去了，我们也去了）,主谓一致,25.notonlybutalso“不但而且”eitheror“要么要么.”“或者或者”therebe有当连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的人称要考虑就近原则，如：NotonlyherparentsbutalsoJanelikestheTangcostumes.26.aswellas“除之外还”except,with就远原则-即看前面.如：TomaswellashisparentsworksinLondon,27.therebe句型的将来时,Therewillbe=thereisgoingtobe,下周天在这里将会有一场时装表演。,ThereisgoingtobeafashionshowherenextSunday.,明天在我们学校的操场上将会有一场篮球赛。,Thereisgoingtobeabasketballgameonourschoolplaygroundtomorrow.,29.到达arriveinat=getto=reacharrivegetreachthere30.mustbe-肯定推测；cantbe-否定推测31.Its+adj.+forsb.+todoeg:Itsimportantformetostudywell.Its+adj.+ofsb.+todoeg:Itsniceofyoutohelpme.注：若adj.用来修饰人的性格、品质，则用of，若adj.用来修饰todo,则用for。,32.die(v.)dead(adj.)-death(n.)-dying33.giveasurprisetosb.给某人一个惊喜toonessurprise令某人惊喜的是besurprisedat对感到惊奇34.in年，月，季节on日at时onrainydays在下雨天里onthemorningofMarch3rdonacoldevening35.adviceadvise36.aswell,too,either,also,37.在马路的两边onbothsidesoftheroadoneithersideoftheroadoneachsideoftheroad38.another,other,theother,others,theothers39.goodenough/enoughmoney,派生与合成词或相关的单词。polite,impolite,politely；possible,impossible，possibly；advantage,disadvantage；popular,unpopular；happy,unhappy；fair,unfair；satisfy,satisfied,；worry,worried；luck,lucky,unlucky,luckily,unluckily；sleep,sleepy,asleep,sleeper；,decidedecision；sad,sadly,sadness；care,careful,carefully,careless,carelessly；advice,advise；success,successful,successfully,succeed；Asia,Asian；safe,safely,save,safety；begin,beginning；easteastern；cook,cooker；dangerous,indanger；choose,choice；suit,suitable；invite,invitation;,交际用语：1.购物（Shopping),1.WhatcanIdoforyou?/MayIhelpyou?/CanIhelpyou?2.Whatcolor/size/kinddoyouwant?=Whatcolor/size/kindwouldyoulike?3.Whataboutthisone?Whatdoyouthinkofit?4.Whatisitmadeof?5.MayItryit/themon?6.Itlooksnice