2015高考英语（北师大版）新一轮复习课件：语法精讲突破系列七-名词性从句（共63张ppt）

语法精讲突破系列(七)名词性从句,1. (2013北京高考)_makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. A. ThatB. WhatC. WhoD. Which【解析】选B。考查主语从句。句意: 使这本书不同寻常的是作者富有创造性的想象力。what引导主语从句, 在句中作主语, 符合句意。that引导主语从句时, 不作句子成分; who指人; which引导主语从句, 意思为哪一个, 哪一些, 均不符合句意。,2. (2013四川高考)_you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company. A. When B. How C. What D. That【解析】选C。考查主语从句。句意: 你在会议上所说的描述了公司的美好未来。A项在名词性从句中作状语; B项作状语; C项可作主语、宾语或表语; D项只起引导作用, 不作句子成分。分析句子结构可知在主语从句中缺少宾语, 故选择C项。,3. (2013重庆高考)_struck me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son. A. That B. It C. What D. Which【解析】选C。考查主语从句。句意: 这部电影中最打动我的就是那位父亲对儿子深深的爱。C项what引导主语从句, 在从句中作主语, 意为“什么”, 符合句意。A项that要接一句完整的句子引导主语从句, that在从句中没有实际意义, 仅起引导作用, 因此排除; B项it不可以引导主语从句; D项which引导主语从句, 意思为哪一个, 哪一些, 表达疑问的含义, 一般后面需要紧跟名词。,4. (2013天津高考)_I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents. A. ThatB. WhichC. WhetherD. What【解析】选D。考查主语从句。句意: 我想告诉你的是我对父母深沉的爱和敬意。分析句子成分可知, 此处是一个主语从句, 从句中tell缺宾语, 根据句意应选D。that引导主语从句不作成分不翻译; which哪一个; whether是否, 引导名词性从句不作成分。,5. (2013新课标全国卷)Police have found _appears to be the lost ancient statue. A. which B. where C. how D. what【解析】选D。考查宾语从句。句意: 警察发现了疑似失窃的古老雕像。found后是宾语从句, 从句中无主语, A、D两项是连接代词, 能在名词性从句中作主语, B、C两项是连接副词, 不能在名词性从句中作主语。which表示“哪一个”, 有范围限制; what表示“一切事”, 表示泛指。,6. (2013湖南高考)Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell _close you may be to victory. A. how B. that C. which D. where【解析】选A。考查宾语从句。句意: 不要让任何失败阻止你, 因为你永远不会知道你离胜利有多么近。how在句中引导宾语从句, 常用于“how +adj. +主语+谓语+其他”结构中, 意为“多么”。,7. (2013北京高考)Experts believe _ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. A. why B. where C. that D. what【解析】选C。考查宾语从句。句意: 专家们相信人们只在必要的时候购物能减少食品的浪费。that引导宾语从句, that不作任何成分, 只起连接作用。,8. (2013浙江高考)The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _you are better than anyone else on the sports field. A. how B. that C. which D. whether【解析】选B。考查同位语从句。句意: 取得最大成功的唯一方法就是充分相信你在赛场上比其他人更好。该空引导belief的同位语从句。并且在从句中既不作任何句子成分, 也无任何意义, 只能用that。how与which在同位语从句中, 不仅有意义而且作成分; whether在同位语从句中, 虽然不作成分, 但却有意义。故选B。,【加固训练】1. (2012全国卷)It is by no means clear _the president can do to end the strike. A. how B. which C. that D. what【解析】选D。考查主语从句。句意: 总统会采取什么措施来结束这次罢工还不清楚。根据句子结构可以判断此处It作形式主语, 真正的主语是后面的从句。从句中do后面缺少宾语, how是副词, 不能作宾语, that在名词性从句中不作成分, 这样可先排除A、C两项。根据句意可知which(哪一个)放在此处不合适。故选D。,2. (2012安徽高考)The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but _he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. A. where B. whether C. that D. why【解析】选B。考查主语从句。句意: 一般说来, 人的智力极限在刚出生时就决定了, 但是能否达到极限取决于环境。根据句子结构可知, 本题考查主语从句的引导词, A项是副词表示地点; B项是连词表示“是否”, 符合题意; C项引导主语从句时本身没有意义, 也不作句子成分, 但是不能省略; D项是副词表示原因。故选B。,3. (2012四川高考)Scientists study _human brains work to make computers. A. when B. how C. that D. whether【解析】选B。考查宾语从句。句意: 科学家们研究人类的大脑怎样工作来制造电脑。此处how引导名词性从句, 相当于the way in which, 意为“怎样, 怎么”。故选B。,4. (2012陕西高考)As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _suits you best. A. whatever B. whicheverC. whenever D. wherever【解析】选B。考查宾语从句。句意: 提供了多达五门的课程, 你可以任意选择最适合你的一门。choose后为宾语从句, 宾语从句中缺主语, 排除C项和D项。结合题干five courses, 有范围限定, 故选择B项whichever。,5. (2012福建高考)We promise _attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. A. who B. whomC. whoever D. whomever【解析】选C。考查宾语从句。句意: 我们向任何参加派对的人承诺一个和影星照相的机会。whoever引导名词性从句作promise的宾语, 相当于anyone who, 且whoever在从句中作主语。whom和whomever均为宾格, 不合题意; 故选C。,6. (2011北京高考)The shocking news made me realize _terrible problems we would face. A. what B. how C. that D. why【解析】选A。考查宾语从句。句意: 这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。此处what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句感叹名词problems故用what。结合句意可知答案为A。,7. (2011上海高考)The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _ others actually understand. A. why B. that C. which D. what【解析】选D。考查宾语从句。句意: 你试图通过言语表达的意思或许恰恰跟别人理解的相反。本句中what引导的句子作of的宾语, 是宾语从句, 故选D。,8. (2012重庆高考)Evidence has been found through years of study _ childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up. A. why B. how C. whether D. that【解析】选D。考查同位语从句。句意: 经过数年的研究, 已经找到证据: 孩子早年的睡眠问题有可能一直延续到成年之后。分析句子结构可知, 空格处后面为句子主语“Evidence”的同位语从句, 在这一从句中, 句意完整, 不缺少成分, 应该使用“that”作为引导词。因此, 正确答案为D项。,9. (2012浙江高考)I made a promise to myself _ this year, my first year in high school, would be different. A. whether B. what C. that D. how【解析】选C。考查同位语从句。句意: 我给自己做出承诺: 今年, 我上高中的第一年, 将会与以往不同。空格处所缺词引导的是promise的同位语从句, 且从句中不缺成分, 句意完整, 故用that。,10. (2012江苏高考)The notice came around two in the afternoon _the meeting would be postponed. A. when B. that C. whether D. how【解析】选B。考查同位语从句。句意: 大约在下午两点传来通知说会议将被延期。notice为抽象名词, that引导的同位语从句对notice的内容解释说明。故选B。,考点1 4大名词性从句的难点 1. 主语从句(1)that连接从句时, 没有具体意思, 不充当句子成分, 只是起标志性的作用, 但that不能省略。*(2010陕西高考)It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 我从来没想到你会成功地说服他改变主意。,(2)whether连接从句时，表示怀疑，不能省略，意为“是否”，在句首时不能用if替换。* (2011重庆高考)It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. 旧汽车站是否应该被重建为现代化的宾馆仍然在商讨中。,(3)特殊疑问词连接从句时，特殊疑问词不能省略，在从句中充当句子成分。* (2011江苏高考)It was never clear why the man hadnt reported the accident sooner. 这个人为什么没有尽快报告这个事故，还不清楚。* (2011北京高考)What Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. 芭芭拉琼斯提供给她的仰慕者的是诚实和快乐。 (4)主语从句要用陈述语序，即主谓语序。,【点津】(1)用it作形式主语的常用句型有：It+系动词+形容词 (necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/ important/certain等)+that从句It+be+名词 (短语) (a pity/a shame/no wonder等)+that从句It+be+过去分词 (said/told/reported/decided等)+that从句It+特殊动词 (seems, appears, happens, matters)+that从句 (2)在It is necessary/important/suggested/advised/ordered+that从句结构中，从句用“ (should+)动词原形”。,2. 宾语从句 (1) that连接宾语从句时通常可以省略 (但多个并列的宾语从句中只能省略第一个that)，没有具体的意思，不充当句子成分，只是起连接作用。*He said that he was from Hunan Province. 他说他来自湖南省。,(2)whether/if 连接的宾语从句，whether/if 意为“是否” (但在whether. . . or not结构中，或者宾语从句作介词的宾语时；以及whetherto do 结构中只能用whether，不能用if来替换)。* (2011山东高考)Weve offered her the job, but I dont know whether shell accept it. 我们已经为她提供了这份工作，但我不知道她是否会接受。,(3)特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，特殊疑问词不能省略，在从句中充当句子成分。* (2011四川高考)Our teachers always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed. 老师总是告诉我们，如果想要成功，就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们是谁。,(4)有些动词或动词短语，如like, hate, appreciate, hide, depend on, see to等，一般不直接跟宾语从句，需要在从句前加上it。*I dont like it when you look at me like that! 我不喜欢你那样看我！ (5)不论主句为何种句型，宾语从句都用陈述语序。,3. 表语从句 (1)that连接从句时从句为一个句意完整的陈述句，that 不能省略，没有具体的意思，不充当句子成分，只是起连接作用。* (2010北京高考)Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was that it was rather closely modeled on his own life. 狄更斯喜欢他自己创作的小说大卫科波菲尔的部分原因是小说非常贴近他本人的真实生活。,(2)whether连接从句时从句来源于一般疑问句，为一个句意完整、语气不确定的陈述句。whether不能省略，意为“是否”，不能用if替换。 (3)特殊疑问词连接从句时从句来源于特殊疑问句，特殊疑问词不能省略，在从句中充当句子成分。* (2011山东高考)Im afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is why he never finishes anything. 恐怕他在很大程度上是一个空谈的人而不是一个干实事的人，这就是他一事无成的原因。 (4)表语从句要用陈述语序，即主谓语序。,【点津】常见的表语从句句型： (1)It looks/seems as if . . . 好像；仿佛 (2)This is because. . . 这是因为 (3)The reason why. . . is that. . . 的原因是 (4)That is why. . . 那就是的原因 (5)The question/problem is whether/when/where. . . 问题是 (6)His dream/suggestion/aim/purpose is that . . . 他的梦想/建议/目标/目的是,4. 同位语从句 (1) that连接从句时从句为一个句意完整的陈述句，that 不能省略，没有具体的意思，不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。* (2011辽宁高考)When the news came that the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army. 当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定到军队中服役。 (2)whether连接从句时从句来源于一般疑问句，whether不能省略，意为“是否”，不能用if替换。*He asked her the question whether they can be friends. 他问她一个问题：他们能否成为朋友。,(3) 特殊疑问词连接从句时从句来源于特殊疑问句，特殊疑问词不能省略，在从句中充当句子成分。*He showed us his way how he worked out that problem. 他向我们展示了计算那道题的方法。 (4)同位语从句要用陈述语序，即主谓语序。,【点津】(1)suggestion, advice, order, request, requirement等名词的同位语从句需用“ (should)动词原形”。 (2)常见的同位语从句直接放在抽象名词之后，分隔式同位语从句是指抽象名词和同位语从句之间出现谓语动词，以平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻。例如：The fact is clear that he is innocent in the accident. 事实很清楚：在这起事故中他是无辜的。,考点2 易混连接词的辨析 ,. 单项填空1. (2014安庆模拟)Chris looks down today. Whats wrong? _happened between Chris and me is none of your business. A. WhicheverB. HoweverC. WhoeverD. Whatever【解析】选D。考查主语从句。句意: Chris今天看起来情绪不高, 他怎么了? 我和Chris之间不论发生什么都和你无关。whatever=anything that, 用以引导主语从句且在从句中作主语。whichever无论哪个; however不管怎么样; whoever无论是谁。,2. (2014桂林模拟)_the citys public school system should be open to the children of migrant workers has become the focus of discussion. A. Whether B. What C. That D. If【解析】选A。考查主语从句。whether“是否”, 引导主语从句。句意: 这座城市的公立学校是否对外来务工人员的孩子开放成为讨论的焦点。if不能引导主语从句。,3. (2014嘉兴模拟)_leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The personC. Whoever D. Who【解析】选C。考查主语从句。Whoever=Anyone who, 故A不对; 而D选项who是疑问代词, 不能选。,【加固训练】(2014雅安模拟)_breaks the law will be punished. A. Whoever B. No matter whoC. Whenever D. Whatever【解析】选A。考查主语从句。Whoever=Anyone who, 引导主语从句; No matter who只引导让步状语从句, 不引导主语从句。,4. _most parents care about is to provide the best education for their children. A. What B. That C. How D. Whether【解析】选A。考查主语从句。What most parents care about“多数父母所关心的”, 作主语从句, what在从句中作care about的宾语。,【加固训练】(2014昆明模拟)_impressed me was the boys ability to deal with this kind of difficult physics problem. A. Which B. What C. It D. That【解析】选B。考查主语从句。What impressed me“让我印象深刻的是”, what=something that引导主语从句。,5. (2014哈尔滨模拟)Many college freshmen are faced with the dilemma of _ they should transfer their hukou when enrolling(注册)at university. A. whatB. whetherC. ifD. that【解析】选B。考查宾语从句。句意: 许多大学新生都面临着“入学注册时是否要迁移户口”的两难境地。of后面需要一个宾语从句, 从句中不缺少任何成分, 但缺少含义“是否”。whether和if都可引导宾语从句, 意为“是否”, 但在介词后面, 应用whether而不用if。故选B。,6. (2014包头模拟)The Grand Theatre is located on the corner of _ is called the Peoples Square. A. which B. the placeC. that D. what【解析】选D。考查宾语从句。介词of后面接的应该是宾语从句。what引导宾语从句, 并在从句中作主语。而that引导宾语从句时, 不作句子成分。,7. (2014北京模拟)Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _he could have expressed it differently. A. why B. how C. that D. whether【解析】选C。考查宾语从句。句意: Jerry不后悔给出了评价, 但是感觉他本可以用不同的方式表达。宾语从句he could have expressed it differently, 这个从句主谓宾很完整, 不缺成分, 所以用that引导。其他选项从翻译上也讲不通。,8. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _he or she wants. A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever【解析】选B。考查宾语从句。whatever引导宾语从句, 在从句中作宾语, 意为“无论什么”。,9. (2014马鞍山模拟)On walking into his room he was shocked to find the floor covered with _ looked like tiny insects. A. that B. something C. what D. anything【解析】选C。考查宾语从句。what=something that引导宾语从句且在从句中作主语。,10. (2014南京模拟)During the 1950s, R&B changed modern music further and led to _we know as rock and roll. A. as B. what C. that D. which【解析】选B。考查宾语从句。句意: 20世纪50年代, R&B进一步改进现代音乐而产生了我们所知道的摇滚音乐。what we know“我们所知道的”, 作lead to的宾语。,11. I know one of the things _I was unsure about was_ hard it would be to climb that mountain. A. that; how B. what; how C. which; what D. /; what【解析】选A。考查表语从句。第一个空的that引导定语从句修饰things; 第二个空是表语从句, 意为“爬上那座山是多么难”, 故用how。,12. (2014上饶模拟)My wife tries her best to do everything for our children. Thats exactly _I disagree. A. what B. how C. when D. where【解析】选D。考查表语从句。句意: 我妻子尽她所能为孩子们做一切。那正是我不同意之处。where引导表语从句。,13. The hip-pop singer is always drawing attention to issues that are usually ignored. Thats _is so great about him. A. that B. what C. all D. how【解析】选B。考查表语从句。what is so great about him“这就是他伟大的地方”, 相当于一个名词性从句。,14. There is no doubt _ Chinas abolishing reeducation through labor system will greatly benefit todays society. A. that B. whether C. if D. what【解析】选A。考查同位语从句。句意: 毫无疑问, 中国废除劳动教养制度会极大地有利于当今社会。There is no doubt that是固定句式, 意为“毫无疑问”, that在同位语从句中只起引导作用, 不作任何句子成分。,15. (2014哈尔滨模拟)According to Aristotle, we are _ we repeatedly do. Excellence then, is not an act, but a habit. A. which B. when C. where D. what【解析】选D。句意: 依据亚里士多德(的理论), 我们重复做什么我们就是什么样的人。那么优秀不是一种动作而是一种习惯。what引导表语从句, what we repeatedly do“我们所重复做的”。,16. Education is _ remains when we have forgotten all we have been taught. A. whether B. how C. that D. what【解析】选D。考查表语从句。句意: 当我们忘了所被教(所学)的时候, 教育就成了最后的补救手段。what引导表语从句在从句中作主语。,17. (2014成都模拟)It would seem to be a general truth _nothing is as straightforward as it at first seems. A. that B. when C. what D. if【解析】选A。考查同位语从句。that引导同位语从句用以解释说明truth的内容。,【加固训练】There was a rumour _a mountain in France would open on the last day and aliens would save nearby humans. A. what B. which C. that D. how【解析】选C。考查同位语从句。句意: 有传言说法国的一座山会在世界末日这天裂开, 外星人会来营救附近的人类。that引导同位语从句, 用来解释说明rumour的内容, 从句中不缺少任何成分, 应用that引导。,18. Actually, _works hard can be _they want to be, whether it is a pilot, an engineer or a manager. A. anyone; whoeverB. no matter who; whoeverC. whoever; no matter whatD. whoever; whatever【解析】选D。考查主语从句和表语从句。句意: 实际上, 任何努力工作的人都能成为他们想成为的那样, 不管是飞行员、工程师还是经理。whoever=anyone who引导主语从句; whatever引导表语从句, 且在从句中作be的表语。,. 语篇填空在下列空格处填上一个适当的连接词, 使结构完整, 语意通顺。 I like reading very much. My classmates question is 1