【汽车技术】奥迪轿车技术培训—构造原理与使用维护（199ppt）

Made In China,Edition Date: 19/02/03,整车介绍,培训员都本中,A Group,Audi A3 1997 Audi S3 2000 ,C Group,D Group,B Group,Audi TT 1999,Audi 80 1976 1995Audi A4 1995 Audi S4 2000 ,Audi 100 1968 1995Audi A6 1995 ,Audi V8 1989 1994Audi A8 1994 Audi S8 1999 ,产品结构,TT Coupe,A8,A4,A3,A6,TT Roadster,A2,产品结构,Germany,Neckarsulm,Ingolstadt,- A6- A8,- A3- A4- A2,Hungary,TTS,A6发展历程,A4发展历程,1994,2000,1991,Contents,CW,World premiereBerlin Trade FairCW 43/44,November,June,November,47,24th November, 2000,2,4,Luxembourg, Belgium, Portugal, Netherlands,24,44,Rest of Europe LHD,North America,A4投放市场,January,JapanRest of world,Rest of Europe RHD,6,February,43,42,October,Secrecy lifted,44,Press presentationCW 44/45,Int. dealer presentationCW 44-46,Audi A6,Audi A6 的市场竟争情况,Saab 9000,Rover 800,Volvo 850,MB E Class,BMW 5 Series,Jaguar X200,Lexus GS 300,Renault Safrane,Opel Omega,Mazda Xedos 9,Audi A4 的市场竟争情况,A6外部尺寸及空气动力性,cw value,0.280,LengthWidthHeight, unladenWheelbase,4796181014232,760,-1+ 27+ 9+73,外部尺寸 mm变化情况 mm (v. old A6 ),Wheelbase: +73 mmRear kneeroom:+62 mmFront/rear headroom:+54/+6 mm,Contents,4796,1810,1423,2760,970,1067,1540,1569,980,963,A4外部尺寸及空气动力性,Frontal area A m2cw value,2.140.280,2.040.296,A4 (new) A4 (old),LengthWidthHeight, unladenWheelbase,4,5471,7661,4282,650,+ 69+ 33+ 13+ 33,外部尺寸 mm变化情况 mm (v. old A4 ),Definitely more space!Wheelbase: +33 mmInterior length: +32 mmRear kneeroom:+41 mmFront/rear headroom:+15/+14 mmLuggage capacity:+ 5 litres,Contents,内部空间,Interior length + 32 mm,Overall width + 33 mm,Overall length + 69 mm,Wheelbase + 33 mm,Headroom,front + 15 mm rear + 14 mm,(with sunroof: front + 18 mm rear + 19 mm),Kneeroom +43mm,front Elbow rear+17 mm width + 29 mm,Shoulder width at front + 11 mm,Contents,A4各种材料所占比例,Ferrous metalsLight alloys, casting and malleable alloysNon-ferrous metals, castingand malleable alloysPolymersProcess polymersOther materials and compositesElectronics/electricsProcess and auxiliarymaterials,115,120,110,117,123,145,100,105,110,115,120,125,130,135,140,145,150,New A4,A4 (100%),Body in white,Rigidity,Lightweightmaterials,Torsionalfrequency,Bendingfrequency,Torsionalfrequency,Bendingfrequency,Trimmed body,A4车身刚度,Percentage %,A4 (old),Static torsional rigidity has been increased by 45%!,Body design with approx. 25 % more joints,底盘号,WAUZZZ8DZTA123456 (1) (2)(3)(4)(5)(6) (7),(1)World Manufacture Identification(2)Filler(3)Vehicle Type(4)Filler(5)I.S.O. Model Year Code(6)Assembly Plant, may be W,E,H,S,A,G,K,N,B,M,V,Y(7)Sequential Number Vehicle Type 8L = Audi A3 / S38N = Audi TT8C = Audi 808D = Audi A4 / S44A = Audi 100/A64B = Audi A6 (C5)4D = Audi A8 -S8,ADR123456,Engine code,Serial number,发动机号,How do we identify an engine number?,Where can we find the engine number? Stamped into the engine block. To find the location you must refer engine mechanical section in the appropriate workshop manual.,Automatic gearbox 01NGearbox type,Gearbox code and date of construction,Example: CUW 03 01 5 Code Day Month Year,Note : You can also find the code on the data sticker,Automatic gearbox 01NGearbox Code,变速箱号码,17 Digit Chassis Number,Model Number,Engine Number,Power Output,Paint Code,Vehicle Options (PR Numbers),Transmission Code,Interior Trim Code,Data Sticker,装备情况,Preparation for Isofix childs seat mounting at both rear seats,Automatic air conditioning with separate left/right settings,Electric front door windows,Front side airbags,ESP and ASR/ABS/EDL,Fog lights,Outside temperature display,Head airbags front and rear,Fuel tank capacity increased to 70 litres,Rear centre armrest,Alloy wheels,Central locking with radio remote control,Active door reflectors,Steering column adjustable for height and reach,Heat insulating glass,Contents,Safety-ESP with Brake Assistant-SIDEGUARDComfort, convenience and function- Wipers with variable intermittent wash/ wipe interval and automatic follow-up wiping- Rear-window aerial with diversity and Multi-Communication Bar (MCB)- Lane-change flasher function,一些较重要的装备,一些较重要的选装件,- Anti-theft alarm with towing-away detection- Cruise control with separate steering column control and telltale - Radios: chorus II, concert II & symphonie II, can be combined with Bose Sound System- Audi telematics, can be combined with voice control- Navigation System Plus without/with TV tuner,Contents,主动安全性及被动安全性,Car-to-carcrash,碰撞种类,Side impact,Car-to-carcrash,Offset crash,Roof strength,Pole impact,Rear-end crash,Frontal crash,SSP,Contents,TI,Front crash,Vehicle-vehicle crash,Vehicle-vehicle crash,Rear crash,Offset crash,Side crash,Roof stability,Pole impact,Virtual layout designed insuper-computer + real tests of the mostimportant crash configurations,被动安全性,Additional desighn features for external crashes e.g. Euro NCAP, AMS, ADAC, US NCAP, US SINCAP,Contents,安全性,被动安全性,Complete vehicle “real & virtual“,被动安全性元件的总览,Airbag system8.4 E,SSP,Contents,TI,New, highly stable passenger cell with considerably more rigidity and thus less deformation and compression of the passenger area Door impact beams at front and rear Driver and front passenger airbags with optimised triggering times for improved protection Seat belt tensioners and belt force limiters at the front Rear belt force limiters Further development of safety steering column Safety pedal assembly Crash optimised drivers footrest,被动安全性,Energy absorbing foam in the steering column surround trim Increased seat rigidity to optimise the survival areas in a side crash Sideguard for front and rear seat occupants Upper body/pelvis airbag for front seat occupants Upper body airbag for rear occupants (optional extra) Further developed airbag release in a side crash Release of the seat belt tensioner even in a side crash Third rear three point belt (optional extra) Third rear head restraint (optional extra),M = special equipment,被动安全性,结构特点-侧面撞击,Contents,结构特点-正面撞击,Contents,前面变形元件可降低修理费用,Contents,保险杠连接,构造,冲击能量,A6后部保险杠结构,A4后部保险杠结构,Crash boxes can be replaced individually,Aluminium cross-member,Contents,安全转向柱,Sliding facility 1for occupant protection,Sliding facility 2,Air inlet,Interior,Water chamber,SSP,Contents,TI,Pedals,SSP,Contents,TI,安全气囊及安全带,Crash direction,侧面撞击,Travel direction,SSP,Contents,TI,Crash direction,正面撞击,Travel direction,SSP,Contents,TI,撞击信号向外输出,Travel direction,Interior light switched onDoors unlockedHazard warning flashers switched on,Telematik transmits emergency signal,SSP,Contents,TI,Driveline CAN,J 526,Crash signal,Comfort CAN,J 162,Spark-ignitionengine only,J 285,C R A S H,正向撞击传感器,SSP,Contents,TI,主动安全性,ABS,EDL,EBV,ESP,ASR,The pre-load pump is no longer included.The brake pressure sensor also supplies a main control value for the Brake Assistant.,液压泵总成,Time (t),Pressure (p),Emergency brake application,Normal brake application,SSP,Contents,TI,Experienced drivers chosen braking pressure,Braking pressureregulated by ABS,Chosen brakingpressure too low,ABS regulating range,Time t,Braking pressure p,Brake Assistant is activated,Load at brakepedal reduced,Brake Assistant switches off,SSP,Contents,TI,辅助制动,防盗、仪表、中央门锁系统及舒适系统,组合仪表,组合仪表功能按钮,警告及指示灯,警告及指示灯,警告及指示灯,仪表盘,Colour display with Navigation or Telematics (256 colours)Standard: range display, outside temperature, tank warning (fuel quantity)Bulb control with DIS (display of faulty bulbs) WIV display of remaining kilometres + daysRecess for radio clock repositionedTwo-phase DIS (short and long time)warning signal sounds if the handbrake is applied at over 5 km/h,256 colour display,Normal display,仪表盘,Lowline version One-colour central display,Highline version Central display, 256 colours Navigation system Telematics,SSP,Contents,TI,Audi Keys,Audi Keys,56,Audi 80 - B4 (1995) Audi- 100-A6 - C5 (1995) Audi A4Audi A3Audi A6 - C5Audi A8,The Immobiliser System,Audi Key Codes,12345,A- Master keysB- Workshop keyC- Spare key D- ID tag (codes),Audi Keys,0uter profile keys with out immobiliser transponder,All Audis Up To Model Year 95(S) Chassis,Key Profiles,Outer and Inner profile keys with immobiliser transponder (Inner profile keys started model year 97),All Audis From Model Year 95(S) Chassis,W,Transponder inside KeyYou cannot see this,Key Profiles,Vehicle Keys with Immobiliser System,Generation I (fixed code) Audi 80 up to(S chassis) Audi 100 - A6 up to(S chassis) Audi A4 up to(W chassis) Audi A3 up to(W chassis) Audi A8 up to(W chassis)Note:You should always confirm by referring to the vehicle key.,Generation II (Rolling Code) A3 from (W chassis) A4 from(W chassis) A6 - C5 check keysGeneration III,Keys with W marked on them are rolling code.,Keys With W and F are fixed code.,Note: Keys with no marking are fixed code.,Generation 1,Generation 2,Generation 1- Fixed CodeAudi 80Audi 100-A6 up to S chassisAudi A3- up to W chassis Audi A4- up to W chassisAudi A8- up to W chassis,f,Fixed code has no markingsor F marked on key,Vehicle key with immobiliser system,Generation 2- rolling CodeAudi tt from market introductionAudi A3- from W chassis Audi A4- from W chassisAudi A6- from W chassis Audi A8- from W chassis,Rolling code has W marked on key,Vehicle key with immobiliser system,W,To obtain secret code,Ask OwnerFor Code,舒适系统,防盗,30,J285,D,J393,J393,H8,H8,SSP,Contents,TI,二极管警报灯,Without anti-theft system,With anti-theft system,Central locking operationalFault ion central locking,Central locking, anti-theft system, tilt sensor and interior movement detector okayInterior movement detector or tilt sensor switched offCentral locking, anti-theft system, tilt sensor or interior movement detector faulty,防盗警报系统的改进,Sounder,Tilt sensor in central locking system,Thatcham philosophy,防盗,舒适系统及车身倾斜传感器,液体,电极,陶瓷壳体,元件舱,操作放大器,SSP,Contents,TI,Safing microswitch,Opening microswitch,Closing microswitch,Locking microswitch,Locking motor,Deadlocking motor,Lock open,Lock closed and deadlocked,安全门锁,座椅、外后视镜记忆及加热功能,车门玻璃升降开关,Window lift switch with 2 operating modes1 - automatic raising2 - manual raising3 - manual lowering4 - automatic lowering,电动车窗,K,IN,OUT,CAN,电动窗及控制机构,外后视镜加热,IN,CAN,SSP,Contents,TI,座椅调整,座椅及后视镜记忆的设定,将记忆输入遥控钥匙,A6-C5 (1998)Electrical motor operated central locking with dead lock function,Central locking via doors or boot, and Self diagnosis 2.4lt with radio wave remote central locking 2.8lt with radio wave remote central locking and Anti-Theft Warning system.,Comfort closing ( power window auto up and down via remote or key),Programmable features for different types of C.L (97) eg safety central locking,Seat and mirror memory via remotes (A8 only),Additional Features,Coding Remotes,Switch on ignition (with auxiliary key)Lock vehicle mechanically (with key which is to be memory coded)Send an infrared Signal by pressing button. From model year 1997-98 press the unlock buttonAfter waiting about 6 seconds the sender button must be pressed again. (From 97-98 press the unlock again ).The doors should open.Same procedures are applicable to Key 2, 3, and 4. However,in step 3, it is necessary to press the button 2 times for key 2,3 times for key 3 and so on.,Programming Remotes,发动机及变速器,发动机,4 inline1.6l(75 kW),4 inline 2.0l(96 kW),4 inline1.8T(110 kW),V63.0l(162 kW),V62.4l(121 kW),4 inline 1.9l TDI(74 kW),4 inline1.9l TDI(96 kW),V62.5l TDI(132 kW),V6 2.5l TDI(114 kW),汽油机,柴油机,Engines for model launch,Engines (subsequent to start of production),1.技术参数,长进气道发动机在低转速时，空气经过长的进气道，使气缸充气最佳，且扭矩增大。,短进气道发动机在高转速时，空气流经短进气道，可提高效率。,真空单元,进气道,2.2新技术,2.2.1可变进气道,1 - 油封 更换 注意安装位置2 - 10 Nm3 - 10 Nm4 - O 型环 用于喷油阀 更换5 - 燃油分配管 带喷油阀6 - 10 Nm7 - 10 Nm8 - 上部冷却液管9 - 10 Nm,10 - O型环 用于上部冷却液管 更换11 - 进气管 检查转换功能:12 - 20 Nm13 - Sttze 用于进气歧管14 - 25 Nm,1 - 真空控制单元2 - 压力弹簧3 - 转换辊4 - 进气歧管5 - 单向阀安装位置 蓝色一侧朝Y件6 - Y-件7 - 进气歧管转换阀-N156,8 - 10 Nm9 - 固定板10 - 橡胶套11 - 隔套12 - 垫圈 锥面朝进气歧管13 - 油封损坏时，必须更换14 - 油封用于转换辊15 - 6 Nm,扭矩,带进气歧管转换的发动机扭矩曲线,固定式进气歧管的扭矩曲线,扭矩,功率,功率,带进气歧管转换的功率曲线,固定式进气歧管的功率曲线,扭矩,功率,进气门开、关时刻：发动机转速低时，进气管内混合气随活塞运动，活塞运动慢 。进气门应提前关闭，以避免混合气回流进气管。发动机低速时，进气凸轮轴相位应提前调整。,2.2.3可变进气相位,进气门开、关时刻：发动机转速高时，进气管内气流快，活塞在向上运动过程中，混合气应可继续涌入气缸，为增加混合气量，进气门延迟关闭。,排气凸轮轴,进气凸轮轴,凸轮轴调节阀N205,液压缸,排气凸轮轴,进气凸轮轴,凸轮轴调整器（与链条张紧器一体）,功率调整调整功率时，链条下部短，上部长，进气门延迟关闭。进气管内气流速高，气缸充气量足。因此高转速时，功率大。,排气凸轮轴,进气凸轮轴,凸轮轴调整器,扭 矩调整凸轮轴调整器向下拉长，于是链条上部变短，下部变长。因为排气凸轮轴被齿形带固定了，此时排气凸轮轴不能被转动，进气凸轮轴被转一个角度，进气门提前关闭。在这个位置时，在中、低转速，可获得大扭矩输出.,怠速怠速时，进气门延迟关闭.,扭矩调整转速在1000rpm以上时，进气门提 前关闭。左侧凸轮轴调整器向下，右侧调整器向上运动。,功率调整 转速在3700rpm以上时，左侧凸轮轴调整器向上，右侧调整器向下运动，进气门延迟关闭。,1.技术参数,2.0 MPI 5V,Modifications to the 1.8 5V engine:new aluminium crankcasebalancing shaft in the sumpmodified switch-over intake systemcylinder head with ladder frame continuously variable camshaft (intake only)mapped cooling,Output 96 kW (130 bhp) at 5,700 rpmTorque195 Nm at 3,300 rpm,1.8T (110 kW):adopted from previous A4mapped cooling,3.0 MPI 5V,Modifications to the 2.8 5V:new aluminium crankcaseincrease of swept volume to 3 litresbalancing shaft in the sumpmodified switch-over intake systemcylinder head with ladder frame continuously variable camshaft (intake and exhaust)camshaft drive by toothed belt (no chain between the intake and exhaust camshafts),Output162 kW (220 bhp) at 6,300 rpmTorque300 Nm at 3,200 rpm,2.4 (121 kW):adopted from previous A4,1.9 TDI 2V PD,Adopted from 1.9 TDI PD A3,1.9 TDI (74 kW):1.9 TDI PD is the basic engine,Output96 kW (130 bhp) at 4,000 rpmTorque285 Nm at 1,750-2,500 rpm*,*quattro 310 Nm at the same engine speed,2.5 TDI 4V,Adopted from A6 2.5TDI 132kWOnly available as quattro,Output132 kW (180 bhp) at 4,000 rpmTorque370 Nm at 1,500-2,500 rpm,2.5 TDI (114 kW):The 2.5 TDI (132 kW) is the basic engine,2.0 MPI 5V (EU4),Top speed, km/h212205Acceleration 0-100 km/h, s9.910.2,Max. power output96 KW (130 bhp) at 5700/minMax. torque195 Nm at 3300/min,5-speed, FWDmultitronic, FWD,Consumption acc. to 99/100/EC, l/100 km- urban11.4-11.610.9-11.0- extra-urban5.9-6.16.2-6.3- total7.9-8.17.9-8.0CO2 emissions190-194190-192,Contents,3.0 MPI 5V ( EU4),Top speed, km/h245238Acceleration 0-100km/h, s6.96.9,Max. power output, kW (bhp)162 (220) at 6300/minMax. torque300 Nm at 3200/min,5-speed, FWDmultitronic, FWD,Consumption acc. to 99/100/EC, l/100 km- urban13.7-13.913.6-13.7- extra-urban7.1-7.37.0-7.1- total9.5-9.79.4-9.5CO2 emissions228-233226-228,Contents,Roller chain,Sprocket,Oil pump shaft,2nd sprocket,SSP,Contents,TI,SSP,Contents,TI,SSP,Contents,TI,VL 300 front-wheel-drive multitronic,5HP19 quattro,自动变速箱,4-cylinder, V6 MPI and V6 TDI 114 kW,V6 TDI 132 kW and V6 MPI,手动变速箱,012 front-wheel-drive and quattro,01E front-wheel-drive and quattro,4-cylinder and V6 MPI,2.5 V6 TDI,自动变速器,无级变 速的优越性,.,在自动模式下, 可控范围内的任何传动比均可能实现. 通过使用可变传动比，发动机转速总是保持在最低值.转速是由驾驶者的输入 (踏板位置和加速度)及行驶阻力决定的.换档手柄可以处在任何位置，即牵引力是连续的不间断的.,01V变速箱操作面板,No 4-2 positionAdditional S position:sport programmequicker downshiftsimproved accelerationonly for 5 HP 19,D = Normal drivingprogrammeS = Sport drivingprogram,换档程序,SSP,Contents,底盘及悬挂,悬挂,Innovations: reduction in unsprung weight increased spring travel 100 % independent suspension new trapezoidal-link rear axle 15“ basic, from V6 16“,前悬挂,Improvements:8.5 kg weight savingaluminium control armsaluminium pivot bearingaluminium spring platelarger upper shock absorber mountServotronic as optional extrahydraulic damper bearing in guide strut,SSP,Contents,TI,Aluminium springplate,Aluminium bearingmount,Damping valves,Aluminiumpivot bearing,SSP,Contents,TI,New “comfort rear suspension“ (Trapezoidal link on rear axle):complete new designtrapezoidal link in aluminiumseparate shock absorber/spring alignmentFront-wheel drive and quattro apart from auxiliary frame the same,后悬挂,SSP,Contents,TI,Toe adjustment,Camberadjustment,SSP,Contents,TI,Toe adjustment,Camberadjustment,SSP,Contents,TI,SSP,Contents,TI,The damping valve is installed on all cars with a 6-cylinder engine.The higher weight of these cars would cause jolts from the road surface to have a negative effect on the steering.,SSP,Contents,TI,The front end can be moved into a servicing position.A4-A6(C5),Advantages,You gain approximately 70mm of clearance whenyou perform work on theengine.,General Servicing Tips,- Loose seat covers in Audi fabrics- Mudflaps- Detachable trailer tow hitch- Snow chainsRoller sunblind for rear window,可用附件- Basic roof rack- Ski and snowboard holder- Audi Piggyback G1 Isofix childs seat- Coat hanger- Telephone installation kit with mobile phone holder on centre console- Dual-band radio aerial- Radios with CD player- Storage boxes for cassettes /CDs- Rubber and fabric floor mats- Protective mat for luggage compartment- Luggage retaining net- Tensioning straps,Contents,空气动力学车底板及排气装置,Visible tailpipes BenzinerInvisible tailpipes Diesel,Front-wheel drive- one exhaust tailpipe,quattro and V6- two exhaust tailpipes,Contents,Audi A4,Mercedes C Class,BMW 3 Series,max. 30,000 km,max. 35,000 km,max. 50,000 km,max. 20.000 km,max. 25.000 km,max. 22.000 km,max