初中英语表语从句讲解与练习

表语从句. Definition（定义）表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、代词、数词、动词过去分词、动词的-ing形式、副词、介词短语、形容词、不定式和从句等来充当。Eg. （例子）The person stood in front of you just now is _ _. 刚才站在你前面的那个人是我的校长。(名词充当表语)*I didnt know that it was _ at that time. 当时我不知道那是你。(代词充当表语)The door remained _. 门仍然关着。(动词过去分词充当表语)Marys daily job is _ _ _.玛丽的日常工作就是打扫这间房子。(动词- ing形式充当表语)The house is _ _ large _ _ beautiful. 这所房子不仅大而且漂亮。（形容词）When I went to your house, you were _.当我到你家的时候，你不在家。(副词充表语)No one was _ _ _, when she arrived. 当她到达时，宿舍里没人。(介词短语)My job is _ _ _ _. 我的工作是教你们英语。(不定式充当表语)*The reason why he came late was that _ _ _ _. 他迟到的原因是他的闹钟坏了。(从句充当表语)（注：*双从句）2. 表语从句的构成主语 + 系动词 + 引导词 + 简单句This is why he did it.What I want to say is that I am tired表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。可以接表语从句的系动词有：1: be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were)2: feel , seem , look, appear ,sound, taste , smell 3: stand , lie , remain ,keep, stay4: become ,get , grow , turn ,go ,come, run,fall5: prove, turn out 连接词：that / whether /as if /as though (if不引导表语从句)连接代词：who / whom / whose / which / what 连接副词：when / where / why / how / because表语从句1. that1) that 在从句中不担任句子成分，无实际意义，一般不能省略2)在表“建议，劝说，命令”的名词idea, suggestion, request, proposal 等后面的表从句中，谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，should可省略My opinion is that its getting better and better.My suggesstion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.2.whether在表语从句中表 “是否”,但不充当句子的成分。if “不能”引导表语从句。如:What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.The question is whether it is worth doing.3.as if, as though 引导的表语从句1)as if/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。e.g. It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door.2) 主语+连系动词（look/seem/appear）+that/as if从句*as if/as though引导的表语从句如果是事实，就用陈述语气；如果与事实不符，就用虚拟语气(主句一般现在时,从句就用过去式，be的话变成were。主句是过去式，从句用过去完成时)。It looks as if he were her own father.(与事实不符)Dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if its going to rain.As /as if、as though The situation is not _ it seems to be.形势并不像外表所看到的那样。She looks _ _ she is worried about her leaders disease.她看上去很担忧她领导的病情。It was _ _ he were mad.他好像疯了似的。4.becausebecause引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is because”结构中。My anger is because you havent written to me for a long time.你为什么不来出席座谈会？是病了么？Why were you absent from the forum? Was it because you were ill? 5.that, why与because引导表语从句时的区别 1）虽然三者均可引导表语从句，但that没有词义，而why和because有自己的意思；另外，虽然why和because都可引导表语从句，但前者强调结果，后者强调原因。如：The reason was _ you dont trust her.原因是你不信任她。The fact is _ they are angry with each other.事实是他们生彼此的气。He was ill. Thats _ he was sent to the hospital.他病了，所以被送到医院来。He was sent to the hospital. Thats _ he was ill.他被送到医院，是因为他生病了。填空: The reason why we didnt trust him is _ he has often lied*reason 做主语时，表语从句只能用that引导, 不能用why 引导。句型结构为： The reason (why/for)is /was that. The reason is that他早上来晚的原因是他晚了一分钟而没赶上火车。 The reason _ he was late was _ he missed the train by one minute this morning （当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because）注意点1：主语为reason 时，表语从句连接词用that, 但以it, this, that 开头做主语的句子，则可用because。The reason for his being late was _ he missed the early bus. She was late this morning. That was _ she missed the early bus. * The reason why he was late was _ he missed the early bus.（why引同位语从句）例题2：The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of注意点2：主句主语为reason, 只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because.Bthat/what的区别1_your father wants to know is_ getting on with your studies.A. What; how are you B. That；how you are C. How；that you are D. What；how you are2. The trouble is_we are short of tools.A. what B. that C. how D. why that3. America was _was first called “India” by Columbus.A. what B. where C. the place D. there where4. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_ .A. what it used to be B. what it was used to beingC. what it used to being D. what it was used to be5. _he really means is _he disagrees with us.A. What that B. That whatC. What what D. That what6. The energy is _ makes the cells able to do their work.A. that B. which C. what D. such6.连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。The problem is _ we can get to replace her.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is _ he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。That was_ she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。That is _ he was born.那就是他出生的地方。7.where, when, why, how引导的表语从句 连接副词where, when, why, how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。e.g. Thats _ I cant agree with you. This is _ Sara was late for the meeting. This is _ they overcome the difficulties. My strongest memory is _ I attended an American wedding.8.表语从句的常用句型：1）名词主语bethat从句The fact is that I was in the garden when the robbery happened.作主语的名词通常有表示事实、真理的名词fact, truth 或表示看法观点的名词idea, opinion, belief, view, feeling, suggestion, plan等。suggestion, proposal, advice, requirement 等词后的表语从句要用虚拟语气（should）do。2）名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句如：1.The fact is that _ _ _ _ the game.事实上我们队伍已经赢了。2. My opinion is that we _ _ _ _ them.我认为我们应该和他们讨论它。3）名词主语bewh-疑问词引导的从句 The trouble is where we can get the things we need.wh- 引导的主语从句bethat 从句 What surprised me most was that all the pupils were unusually quiet.This / That be wh-疑问词引导的从句 This is how you make the Italian pizza.注意：表语从句中的 that 不能省略；表语从句中只能用 whether 不能用 if；表语从句中，从句用陈述句语序练习1.-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats_ . A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited 2.-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -Is that_ you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where 3.When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly_ he wants . A.what B.which C.when D.that 表语从句练习1. The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.A. that B. if C. when D. whether2The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your coat. It s _you left itA. where B. there C. there where D. where there4The problem is _to take the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can get C. who we can get D. that we can get5. What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.A. that B. if C. whether D.不填6. The reason is_I missed the bus.A. that B. when C. why D. what7. That is _ _ we were late last time. A. that B. when C. why D. what8. She looke