人教版八年级下册英语Unit1知识点

Unit1 Whats the matter？名词：matter 问题；事情stomachache 胃痛；腹痛stomach 胃；腹部foot 脚；足neck 颈；脖子throat 咽喉；喉咙fever 发烧X-ray X射线；X光toothache 牙痛headache 头痛break 间歇；休息passenger 乘客；旅客trouble 问题；苦恼knee 膝盖climber 登山者；攀登者situation 情况；状况kilo（=kilometer）千克；公斤rock 岩石knife 刀blood 血importance 重要性；重要decision 决定；抉择spirit 勇气；意志death 死亡nurse 护士动词：lie 躺；平躺hurt （使）疼痛；受伤hit （用手或器具）击；打mean 意思是；打算；意欲形容词：sick 生病的；有病的sore 疼痛的；酸痛的代词：herself 她自己ourselves 我们自己介词：onto 向；朝兼类词：rest v&n 放松；休息cough n&v 咳嗽risk n&v 危险；风险；冒险control n&v 限制；约束；管理off adv&prep 离开（某处）；不工作；从去掉短语：have a cold 感冒have a stomachache 胃痛have a fever 发烧lie down 躺下take ones temperature 量体温take breaks=take a break 休息get off 下车get on 上车to ones surprise 使惊讶的是right away 立即；马上get into 陷入；参与take risks=take a risk 冒险run out（of）用尽；耗尽cut off 切除get out of 离开；从出来be in control of 掌握；管理give up 放弃be used to doing sth 习惯于；适应于used to do sth 过去常常做某事知识点：1、Whats the matter？怎么了？ Whats the matter with sb？某人怎么了？询问某人或周围发生了什么事情=Whats wrong？=Whats the trouble/problem？例：Whats the matter？I have a cold.Whats the matter with him/Tom？He failed the math exam.2、have + a/an + 疾病名称 患病have a cold 感冒= get a cold=catch a coldhave a cough 咳嗽have a fever 发烧have a toothache 牙痛have a headache 头痛have a backache 背痛have a sore throat 喉咙痛have a stomachache 胃痛He has a cough. 他咳嗽了。Tina had a fever yesterday. Tina昨天发烧了。3、sore adj 疼痛的；酸痛的Mikes legs are sore. Mike的腿疼。have a sore + 身体部位 疼have a sore throat 喉咙疼have a sore back 背疼have a sore foot 脚疼Do you have a sore throat？你喉咙疼吗？4、lie v 躺；平躺lie down 躺下 He lied down and had a rest. 他躺下休息了。lie in 坐落 My hometown lies in a valley. 我的家乡坐落在一个山谷里。5、take breaks=take a break=have a rest 休息We should have a rest. 我们应该休息一下。Its a time to take a break. 该休息了。6、have a + 名词：have a look 看一看 have a talk 谈一谈have a rest 休息一下 have a walk 散步Lets have a walk. 我们散步去吧。7、need to do sth 需要做某事I need to clean my room. 我需要打扫我的房间。He needs to do his homework. 他需要做作业。neednt 不需要You neednt do that. 你不需要做那些。8、go to a doctor 去看医生If you are ill, you should go to（see）a doctor. 如果你生病了，你应该去看医生。9、get off 下车，从公交车/火车/飞机上下来They got off the bus and walked away. 他们从公交车上下来走了。 get on 上车She gets on the plane. 她上飞机了。10、to ones + 情感名词 令某人的是，使某人感到的是to ones surprise 令某人惊讶的是to ones happiness 令某人高兴的是To my surprise, they said okay！令我惊讶的是，他们说可以！To her happiness, all her students passed the exam. 令她高兴的是，她的所有学生都通过了考试。11、get into trouble 陷入困境If you dont keep the rules, you will get into trouble. 如果你不遵守规则，你将陷入麻烦。12、have problems/ trouble（in）doing sth = have problems/trouble with sth 做某事有困难He has a lot of problems/ trouble in looking after the baby alone at home. 他一个人在家照顾孩子有很大困难。Mary has problems/trouble with doing homework. 她做作业有困难。13、动词 + up：give up 放弃cheer up 振作起来put up 举起get up 起床set up 建立grow up 长大stay up 熬夜wake up 醒来look up 查阅pick up 捡起14、动词 + er/or = 名词，表示 从事某种职业的人climb 爬 climber 登山者work 工作 worker 工人drive 驾驶 driver 司机teach 教 teacher 教师visit参观 visitor 参观者sing唱歌 singer 歌手invent发明 inventor 发明家15、should ：情态动词 应该（1）肯定句：主语 + should + 动词原形 + 其他You should obey the traffic laws. 你应该遵守交通规则。（2）否定句：主语 + should not + 动词原形 + 其他You shouldnt go out alone at night. 你晚上不应该独自外出。（3）一般疑问句：Should + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？Should I open the door？ 我应该打开门吗？（4）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + should + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？When should we go？我们应该什么时候去？16、反身代词：某人自己人称反身代词单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himself/ herself/ itselfthemselvesby oneself 某人自己独自做 She does her h