（新课标）高考英语一轮总复习考点集训（四十九）书面表达牛津译林版.docx

考点集训(四十九)对应学生用书p3631阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。NothinginmylifehadpreparedmeforwhatIhadtodo.Choosingmywordscarefully, andfightingtostaycalm, Itoldmy4yearolddaughterthathergrandmotherhadsufferedastroke(中风)，thatshewasunconscious, andthatthedoctorssaidshewouldprobablyneverwakeup.Asshemovedclosertome, Amelialookedatme, eyesbright, andsaid, “Maybe Grandma will be okay.”“Maybeshewill，”Isaid, keepingbackthetears, ButIknewbetter.IwasflyinguptoMyrtleBeach, SouthCarolina, fromourFloridahomeinthemorningtosaygoodbyetomymom.Therestofthatawfulweek, Ijoinedmybrotherandfathersittingbymymotherssideinthehospitalroom.Iheldherhandandtalkedtoher.Itoldherthatwestillneededher.Itoldherthatitwasnttimetoleaveyet.ItoldherhowmuchIlovedher.AndItoldherthatherlittlegranddaughter, Amelia, believedthatshedgetbetter.Thedoctors, withalltheiryearsoftrainingandexperience, offerednohopeforrecovery.Thedamagewassimplytooextensive.Then, acoupleofweekslater, anoddthinghappened.Momwokeup.Sheregainedconsciousness.Perseveredthroughalongandtoughrecovery, duringwhichshehadtolearntowalk, read, andwritealloveragain, andeventuallyreturnedhometoDad.TheonlyonewhowasntshockedwasAmelia.Thedoctorscouldntexplainit.Ameliadidntneedto.Hopecameasnaturallytoherasbreathings.Sowhyarewesoafraidtohopesometimes?Maybeitsbecauseovertheyear, lifesdisappointmentscanturnustodisillusionment(理想破灭).Howmanytimeshaveyouheardsomeonesay: “Hope for the best, expect the worst”？Thatsnotreallyhopeatall.Hopeisbeingabletolookatourworldwithallofthejoyandwonderofachild._答案Doctorswerepessimisticaboutmymothersstrokewhilemylittledaughter, Amelia, fullofhope.(要点1) IpassedonAmeliashopewhenourfamilygatheredtobidfarewelltoherinhospital.(要点2) Incredibly, sherecoveredandcamebackhomeafteraperiodofrestoration.EveryonewasastonishedexceptAmelia.(要点3) Hopedoesbringpeopleintroubleamazement.(要点4)2阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。ThedrugstorewasclosingforthenightandAlfredHigginswasabouttogohomewhenhisnewbossapproachedhim.“Emptyyourpocketsplease, Alfred，”SamCarrdemandedinafirmvoice.Alfredpretendedtobeshockedbutheknewhedbeencaught.Fromhiscoathewithdrewamakeupkit, alipstickandtwotubesoftoothpaste.“Imdisappointedinyou, Alfred！”saidthelittlegrayhairedman.“Sorry, Sir. Please forgive me. Ive never done such a thing before.”Alfredlied, hopingtogaintheoldmanssympathy.MrCarrsbrowfurrowed(皱眉) ashereachedforthephone, “Do you take me for a fool? Lets see what the police have to say. But first Ill call your mother and let her know her son is heading to jail.”“Dowhateveryouwant，”Alfredshotback, tryingtosoundbig.Butdeepdownhefeltlikeachild.Heimaginedhismotherrushingin, eyesburningwithanger, maybeintears.YethewantedhertocomequicklybeforeMr.Carrcalledthepolice.Mr.CarrwassurprisedwhenMrsHigginsfinallyarrived.Shewasverycalm, quietandfriendly.“IsAlfredintrouble？”sheasked.“Hesbeenstealingfromthestore，”theoldmancoollyreplied.Mrs.HigginsputoutherhandandtouchedMr.Carrsarmwithgreatgentlenessasifsheknewjusthowhefelt.Shespokeasifshedidnotwanttocausehimanymoretrouble.“Whatdoyouwanttodo, Mr.Carr？”Thewomanscalmandgentlemannerdisarmedtheonceangrystoreowner.“I was going to get a cop. But I dont want to be cruel. Tell your son not to come back here again, and Ill let it go.”ThenhewarmlyshookMrs.Higginsshand.Mrs.Higginsthankedtheoldmanforhiskindness, thenmotherandsonleft.Theywalkedalongthestreetinsilence.Whentheyarrivedhomehismothersimplysaid, “Go to bed, you fool.”Inhisbedroom, Alfredheardhismotherinthekitchen.Hefeltnoshame, onlyprideinhismothersactions.“Shewassmooth！”hethought.Hewenttothekitchentotellherhowgreatshewas, butwasshockedbywhathesaw.Hismothersfacelookedfrightened, broken.Notthecool, brightfacehesawearlier.Herlipsmovednervously.Shelookedveryold.Thereweretearsinhereyes.Thispictureofhismothermadehimwanttocry.Hefelthisyouthending.Hesawallthetroubleshebroughtherandthedeeplinesofworryinhergreyface.Heseemedtohaveneverreallyseenhismotherlikethat._答案Thestoryisaboutaboymaturingovernight.(要点1) AdrugstoreownerfoundsomethingstolenbyAlfredandcalledhismother.Surprisingly, themothertookthiscalmlyandthebossdecidedtoletthisgo.(要点2) Athome, hewasabouttoshowhisprideinthemotherscalmnesswhenhesawadeeplyworriedmother, whichgreatlyshockedhim.(要点3)1阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。ThePossibleHealthDangersofAirconditionersAlthoughmanyofusmayfeelairconditionersbringrelieffromhot, humidorpollutedoutsideair, theyposemanypotentialhealthhazards.Muchresearchhaslookedathowthemovementofairinsideaclosedenvironmentsuchasanofficebuildingcanspreaddiseaseorexposepeopleinthebuildingtoharmfulchemicals.OneofthemorewidelypublicizeddangersisthatofLegionnairesdisease, whichwasfirstrecognizedinthe1970s.Thiswasfoundtohaveaffectedpeopleinbuildingswithairconditioningsystemsinwhichwarmairpumpedoutofthesystemscoolingtowerswassomehowsuckedbackintotheairintake, inmostcasesduetopoordesign.Thewarmair, filledwithbacteria, wascombinedwithcooled, conditionedairandwasthencirculatedaroundvariouspartsofthebuilding.Studiesshowedthatevenpeopleoutsidesuchbuildingswereatriskiftheywalkedpastairexhaustpipes.Largeairconditioningsystemsaddwatertotheairtheycirculatebymeansofhumidifiers.Inoldersystems, thewaterusedforthisprocessiskeptinspecialreservoirs, thebottomsofwhichprovidebreedinggroundsforbacteriawhichcanfindtheirwayintotheventilationsystem.Therisktohumanhealthfromthissituationhasbeenhighlightedbythefactthattheimmunesystemsofapproximatelyhalfofworkersinairconditionedofficebuildingshavedevelopedtheabilitytofightofftheorganismsfoundatthebottomofsystemreservoirs.Butchemicalscalled“biocides”areaddedtoreservoirstomakethemgermfree, andtheyaredangerousintheirownrightinsufficientquantities, astheyoftencontaincompoundsstronglylinkedtocancers.Finally, itshouldbepointedoutthattheartificialclimaticenvironmentcreatedbyairconditionerscanalsoaffectus.Inanaturalenvironment, whetherindoororoutdoor, therearesmallvariationsintemperatureandhumidity.Indeed, thehumanbodyhaslongbeenaccustomedtothesenormalchanges.Inanairconditionedlivingorworkingenvironment, however, bodytemperaturesremainwellunder37，ournormaltemperature.Thisleadstoaweakenedimmunesystemandthusgreaterexposuretodiseasessuchascoldsandflu._答案Airconditionersbringmanypotentialhealthrisks.(要点1)First, airconditionerswillleadtoLegionnairesdisease, causedbybacteriainthewarmairbeingcirculatedduetopoordesignofthesystem.(要点2) Second, chemicalsusedtokillbacteriainthereservoirarerelatedtocancers.(要点3) Third, peoplesimmunesystemisweakenedduetotheartificialclimaticenvironment.(要点4)2阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Highschoolexittestsareteststhatstudentsmustpasstograduatefromhighschool.Inthelastfewyears, however, anumberofstatesinAmericahavedroppedthem.Althoughsomestatesstillusethemfordiplomas, thenumberisdownfromahighof27statesduringthetestingcrazepromotedbyNoChildLeftBehind(NCLB)Theappearanceofthisphenomenonissmallwonder.Researchesclearlyshowthatexittestshavelittlepositiveeffectsonstudents.A2014reportfoundexittestingwasassociatedwithlowergraduationrates, negativelyaffectedlabormarketoutcomes, and, mostalarmingly, produceda12.5percentincreaseinincarceration(监禁)rates.Exitexams, thestudyconcluded, hadtendedtoaddlittlevalueformoststudents.Exittestingreliesonthefollowingassumptions.Oneisthatstandardizedtestingcanserveasakindof“quality control”forhighschoolgraduates, guaranteeingthatgraduatesarecollegeready.Theotheristhattheyhavepredictingvalueforfuturesuccessinacademicsituations.Butthereislittleevidence.Thetestsdontexactlymeasurewhattheypretendtomeasure.Forexample, qualitiessuchasintelligence, academicability, collegereadinessarenotdetermined.Thosethatshouldbedevelopedinallyoungpeople, likeresponsibility, criticalthinking，andempathy(移植)，arenotmeasured，either.Evensupportersofexittestshaveacknowledgedthattheydontofferreliabledata.Thus, moreandmorepeoplearesuggestingthatexittestscoresoughttobejustonecomponentofthehighschooldiploma.Schoolsshouldconsidermanyotherrecordsincludingcreditsearned, coursestaken, activities, service, projectsandotherelementsofacademicaccomplishmentsothatstudentscanbeevaluatedflexibly.Inotherwords, exittestscoresshouldneverbetheonlycriterionforhighschooldiplomas._答案HighschoolexittestshavebeencancelledinsomestatesinAmericainrecentyears.(要点1) Thisisnotsurprisingbecausestudiesshowtheydolittlegoodtostudents.(要点2) Insteadofensuringcollegereadinessandacademicsuccess, theyactuallydontmeasurewhatshouldbemeasured.(要点3) Therefore, exittestscoresshouldonlybeonepartofthestandardsofhighschooldiplomas.(要点4)3阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Mostpeoplewanttobehappy, butfewknowhowtofindhappiness.Moneyandsuccessalonedonotbringlastinghappiness.Aristotle, aGreekthinker, said, “Happiness depends upon ourselves.”Inotherwords, wemakeourownhappiness.Hereareafewsuggestionstohelpyoubehappier.Thefirstsecretofhappinessistoenjoythesimplethingsinlife.Toooften, wespendsomuchtimethinkingaboutthefutureforexample, gettingintocollegeorgettingagoodjobthatwefailtoenjoythepresent.Youshouldenjoylifessimplepleasures, suchasreadingagoodbook, listeningtoyourfavoritemusic, orspendingtimewithclosefriends.Peoplewhohaveseveralclosefriendsoftenlivehappierandhealthierlives.Anothersecrettolivingahappylifeistobeactive, andhavehobbieswhereyouforgetyourproblemsandtime.Manypeopleexperiencethisdancing, orplayingasport, suchasswimming.Youcanforgetaboutyourproblems, andonlythinkabouttheactivity.Finally, manypeoplefindhappinessinhelpingothers.Studiesshowthatpeoplefeelgoodwhentheyspendtheirtimehelpingothers.Ifyouwanttofeelhappier，dogoodthingsforsomeone.Youcanhelpafriendwithhisorherstudies, goshoppingtobuyfoodforanelderlyperson, orsimplyhelpoutaroundthehousebywashingthedishes._答案Thoughmanypeoplewanthappiness, theydontknowhowtogetit.(要点1)Firstly, youshouldenjoysimplepleasuresinourdailylife.(要点2)Secondly, youshouldtakeanactivepartinvariousactivitiesandforgetyourworries. (要点3)Finally, youcangethappinessfromhelpingothersinourdailylife.(要点4)4阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Couldyoubeaflexitarian?Whatkindoffooddoyoueat?Areyouconsciousofthetypesoffoodyouconsume? Althoughthereisresearchontherightdiettofollowtohelpusmaintainahealthylifestylebutitshardtoknowwhichonetopickand, oncechosen, itsharderstilltosticktoit.Andnowtheresanotherchoiceforyou.Aflexitariandietinvolveseatingplantbasedfoodsandonlyoccasionallyeatingmeatandfish.Thisisalovelyalternativetobeingavegetarianbynotcompletelyresistingmeat.Thiseatingstyleallowsyoutosupplementsomeingredientsthatyouwouldntgetinastrictervegan(纯素) diet.Andlikeveganism, flexitarianismisntabouteatingcarefullytohelpyouloseafewpoundsitssomethingpeoplechooseforethicalreasons, tohelptheplanet.Andastudyintotheglobalfoodsystemandhowitaffectstheclimate, hasfoundthateatingmainlyplantbasedfoodsisoneofthreekeystepstowardsasustainablefutureforall.Thisresearchfoundthatfoodwastewillneedtobehalvedandfarmingpracticeswillalsohavetoimprovetoachievethis.Butwithoutasinglesolution, acombinedapproachisneeded.Dr.MarcoSpringmann, oneoftheleadauthorsofthereportargued“Wereallyfoundthatacombinationofmeasureswouldbeneededtostaywithinenvironmentallimitsandthoseincludechangestowardshealthiermoreplantbaseddiets.”Whilevegansthinkitswrongforanimalstobekilledforfood, flexitariansbelieveeatingmeatonceinawhileisacceptable.AndDr.Springmannagreesaslongaswe“treat it as a luxury, its probably acceptable but you shouldnt have more than one serving of red meat, which includes beef and pork, per week”.Andheresanotherfacttodigest: Ifwemovedtothistypeofdiet, thestudyfoundthatgreenhousegasemissionsfromagriculturewouldbecutbymorethanhalf._答案Tohelpmaintainahealthylifestyle, weneedtokeeparightdiet, butchoosingfoodisreallyhard.(要点1) Unlikevegandiets, aflexitarianone, eatingmainlyplantbasedfoodsandoccasionallyhavingmeat, canbebeneficialtotheenvironmentaswellasourhealth.(要点2) Ofcourse, theamountofmeatonetakesshouldbelimited.(要点3)5阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Wherearethebees?Beesareessentialtotheproductionoffoodweeat.Beesmakehoney, buttheyalsopollinatelargeareasofcrops, suchasstrawberries, applesandonions.Aboutathirdofthefoodweeatisaresultofpollination(传授花粉) ofthebees.Unfortunately, beeshavebeendisappearingatanalarmingrate.In2006, beekeepersstartedreportingaboutsomethingcalledColonyCollapseDisaster(CCD).ThemainsignofCCDisthelossofadulthoneybeesfromahive.InOctoberof2006, somebeekeepersreportedthattheyhadlostbetween30and90percentoftheirhives.Thereweremanytheoriesforthedisappearanceofthebees.Butthemostconvincingonehastodowithpesticidesandlifestylesofbeestoday.Nowadays, beekeepersgetmostoftheirincomenotfromproducinghoneybutfromrentingbeestopollinateplants.Thismeansthatthelifeofthetypicalbeenowconsistsoftravellingallaroundthecountrytopollinatecropsastheseasonschange.Thatmeansalotoftravelingontrucks, whichisverystressfultobees.Itisnotunusualforupto30%ofthehivetodieduringtransportduetostress.Inaddition, beesthatspendmostoftheirtimelockedupontrucksarenotexposedtowhattheyusuallyliveon.Instead, theyliveonasweetliquidfromcorn, usuallypollutedwithpesticides.Theexactreasonforthedisappearanceofbeesisnotsure, butlosingbeesisverycostlytotheeconomy.Thebeepollinationservicesareworthover$8billionayear.Withnobees, pollinationwillhavetobedonebyhand, whichwouldhaveeffectsonthequalityoffoodandincreasedfoodpriced.Wehearalotaboutbigenvironmentaldisastersalmosteveryday.Butoneofthebiggestmayjustbethelessofthattinyflyinginsect._答案Beesnotonlyprovideuswithhoney, butalsohelppollinatecrops.(要点1) However, theyaredisappearingatanalarmingrateforsomeunknownreason, whichwillbedisastroustousandeconomy.(要点2) Somepeoplethinkitisthepesticidewhileothersthinkitisduetotransport.(要点3)6阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Thelifeofajournalistcanbeexciting.Tobeinconstantpursuitofthelatestnewsdemandsacuriositythatcanonlyberewardedbygettingto“where it is happening”assoonaspossible.Thegoal, ofcourse, istorelatewhatishappeningtothepublicasclearlyaspossible.However, everyjournalistmustbecarefultoreportnotonlyavividpictureofwhatishappening, butatruepicture.Eachjournalistreportshisorherownversionofwhathastakenplace.Still, thisversionmustbeanactualaccountifthereporteristomaintainareliablereputation.Inordertogettothetruthinsomenewsstories, areportermustrelyonthestatementsofsomeonewhoisontheinsideofthesituation.Oftenthisinsiderwillonlytalktoareporterifthereporterpromisesnevertorevealtheinsidersname.Theinsiderusuallythreatensnevertoadmitmeetingwiththereporterifhisorhernameisrevealed.Becausestoriesofthisnatureofteninvolvecriminalactivity, reportingthembecomesadangerousjob.Thiskindofworkinvolvedinobtainingnewsinthismannerservesasaninvitingsituationfortheunderworldaswellasthelegalworld.Membersoftheunderworldwanttofindoutwhotheinsiderissothattheycankeephimorherquiet.Membersofthelegalworldclaimthatthereporterwillobstruct(阻挠) justiceifheorshefailstodisclosetheinsidersname.Devotionhasgivenjournalismitsreputationforreliabilityareliabilitythateachjournalistisexpectedtoupholdinhisorhersearchfortruth.Supplyingatruthfulaccountofeachdaysoccurrencesistheseriouscontractmadebetweenreporterandthepublic._答案Excitingasitistobeajournalist, everyjournalistmusttakecaretoreportwhathappenedvividly.(要点1)Besides, theyshouldbefollowedbyatruepicture.(要点2) Areportermustdependonthestatementsofwhoeverisonthescene, soastogettothetruthinsomenewsstories.(要点3) Itisdevotionthathasgivenjournalismitsreputationforreliability.(要点4)1阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Doyouhavetoomanypairsofshoesorsomeotheroldthingslyingaroundyourhome? Imsuremanyofushavetoomuchstuffthatwedontreallyuseandwhenitstartsgettingoutofhand, i