人教版英语必修一至必修四语法知识复习与练习(详细版)

必修一至必修四语法知识复习Book 1 Unit 1-2 直接引语与间接引语直接引语到间接引语的转变 注意间接引语中时态，人称，时间状语，地点状语以及其他部分要根据情况发生变化。1. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.” Mr Black said that _ a long way _. A. I had walked last week B. he had walked that week C. I walked last week D. he has walked this week如果引语部分是客观事实或真理，则变为间接引语，定语从句中时态不需要发生变化。2. The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east?” The teacher asked her _ the sun _ in the east. A. if rise B. if rises C. whether rose D. whether did rise引语部分为一般疑问句，变为间接引语由连词whether或if 引导，后面用陈述句语序3. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house?” They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were we this B. that we were that C. if were we this D. if we were that直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语，由相应的疑问词who ,whom, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。句式asked+疑问词+陈述句语序4. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?” Jane asked _ about _. A. that he heard a week ago B. what he had heard a week before C. what he had heard a week ago D. if he heard a week ago直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定前加tell, ask, order 的宾语。句式.tell, ask, order sb to do / not to do Eg : The solider ordered:” Be quiet.”The solider ordered us to be quiet.My teacher asked me :” Dont laugh .” My teacher asked me not to laugh.Book 1 Unit 3 现在进行时表示将来时表示最近按计划或安排打算要进行的动作，可以用现在进行时表示将来时。句子中一般有以下特点:1. 表示位置转移的动词go come leave start arrive stay等5. What are you going to do tonight? I am going to attend the lecture, and then we _ to the bookstore.A. went B. go C. are going D. have gone6. - Im going to the States. - How long _ you _ in the States?A. are; stayed B. are; stayingC. have; stayed D. did; stay2. 表示交通方式、行程安排的动词fly, walk, ride, drive, take (a bus, a taxi),take off 等7. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _. A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off3.也可用于其他动词8. Ive won a holiday for two weeks to Florida. I _ my mum.A. am taking B. have takenC. take D. will have takenBook 1 Unit 4- Unit 5 Book 2 Unit 1 & Unit 5定语从句定语从句用于修饰名词，被修饰的名词成为先行词，引导定语的从句需要借助关系词/ 引导词关系词的作用：1 在定语从句中代替先行词； 2 在定语从句中充当特定成分；3 连接主语与定语从句e.gThe man who lives next to us sells vegetables.（who lives next to us 为定语从句，修饰先行词the man, 关系词who 在定语从句中代替the man，在句中作主语。）关系代词关系副词That人、物主语、宾语（省）When时间状语Which物主语、宾语（省）Where地点状语Who人主语、宾语（省）Why原因状语Whom人宾语（省）Whose人、物与名词搭配，做定语选择关系代词还是选择关系副词，要看定语从句缺少什么成分9. Where did you get to know her? It was on the farm _ we worked.A. that B. there C. which D. where10. Where did you get to know her? It was on the farm _ we visited last month. A. what B. there C. which D. where11. I still remember the wonderful time _ I had together with them in Xinjiang.A. that B. when C. in whichD. on which12. I still remember the wonderful time _ we lived in America.A. that B. when C. in whichD. on which13. In the end, Japan and Korea reached the point _ both sides sat down and had a peaceful talk.A. where B. that C. when D. Which强调句it is / was .that / who.与定语从句判断：去掉强调句的结构完整，这是强调句，否则考虑定语从句14. It was in Sichuan Province _ the earthquake caused a great loss.A. where B. which C. when D. thatIt was Sichuan Province _ the earthquake caused a great loss.A. where B. which C. when D. that非限制性定语从句不能用that，其他的关系词根据从句缺什么成分以及先行词是人是物进行选择15. They will fly to Washington, _ they plan to stay for two or three days. A. where B. there C. which D. when16. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, _ can be very eye-opening and rewarding. A. who B. which C. what D. that 17. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer what it was 20 years ago, _ it was so poorly equipped. A. when B. which C. what D. that 18. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, _ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.A. which B. where C. who D. that非限制性定语从句中，which 和as 都可以指整个句子，但as 还有“正如”的意思， which放句末19. Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office. A. which B. that C. this D. itBook2 Unit5介词+关系代词引导定语从句1. 某些动词，形容词，名词搭配，如talk to sb. 中的介词置于定语从句之前，这时则要考虑使用介词+相应的关系代词的结构。20. The computer, _ he paid ￥3,000, was once owned by his uncle. A. which B. for which C. that D. to that 21. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _ New York is an example. A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which22. Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which2. 介词+关系代词代替关系副词，其中介词的选择看先行词的固定搭配23. The reason _ he was late again was that he was caught in a traffic jam in the rush hour. A. which B. in which C. for which D. of which 24. The football match _ the students competed yesterday was very wonderful.A. in which B. which C. in that D. that3. 其他情况，如句子表达的需要，数词+of + 关系代词，whose + 名词= the 名词 + of which等25. His glasses, _ he could see nothing, was taken away by a naughty boy. A. which B. without which C. with which D. without those26. At last we found the hole in the wall _ the mouse got into the house last night. A. in which B. which C. through which D. by which27. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _ wanted to buy it. A. none of them B. both of themC. none of whom D. neither of whom注意复习只能用that的情况（这里不多讲）Book 2 Unit 2 Unit 4 被动语态（一般将来时的被动语态“将被做” will be done/ be going to be done，现在完成时的被动语态“已经被做”have/ has been done正在进行时的被动语态“正在被做” be being done）1. 时态的判断要看上下文的动作关系，有时可以通过句中的时间状语判断2. 主动被动的判断看主语是执行动作，还是承受动作28. Why dont we choose that road to save time? The bridge to it _. A. has repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. will be repaired29. It is said that a new robot _ by him in a few days.A. designed B. has been designed C. will be designed D. will have been designed30. - Why does the Lake smell terrible?- Because large quantities of water _.A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. have been polluted 31. A new cinema _ here. They hope to finish it next month. A. will be built B. is built C. has been built D. is being built32. In the last few years thousands of films _ all over the word. A. have produced B. have been produced C. are producing D. are being produced 33. He says that Mr. Zhang _ to the factory next week.A. is sent B. would send C. was sent D. will be sent34. What do you think of store shopping in the future? Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _. A. will never replace B. would never replace C. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced35. I like these English songs and they _ many times on the radio. A. taught B. have taught C. are taught D. have been taughtBook 3 Unit 1 Unit 2 情态动词情态动词的学习，要结合具体的语境，可以借助中文表达帮助理解。1.猜测的表达must(肯定) may(可能) might(可能 弱) cant(不可能)2. can 表示猜测“可能”时，用于疑问句 注意：mustnt 禁止3. 注意委婉表达, 回答不需要委婉(would- will / wont could-can/ cant) Could you help me? Yes, I can.4. 情态动词+have done 原本. 表示对过去事情的懊悔等 表示对过去事情的猜测：must have done肯定做过may / might have done可能做过cant / couldnt have done不可能做过5. 几种一般疑问句的答语，祈使句回答May I do .? No, you had better not.Need I do.? No, you neednt. Must I do.? No, you dont have to./ No, you neednt.Remember to lock the door. I will.Dont forget to lock the door. I wont.6.shall 用于一，三人称表征询意见Book 3 Unit 3 Unit 5 名词性从句1. 名词性从句在句子中充当主语，表语，宾语，同位语等成分，需要有引导词引导（除了宾语从句中一种情况，即句子中第一个宾语从句中的that可以省略，其他都不能省略引导词）2. 首先判断从句类型：一般看从句的位置 宾语从句：及物动词或者介词后面 主语从句：句子开头 表语从句：系动词（be动词）后面 同位语从句：具体说明先行词（名词）的具体内容，注意几个常见的名词（news, idea, question, fact等） 其次判断从句缺不缺成分，用不用补充意思：不缺无意填that 不缺补“是否”填whether/ if 缺成分缺意思看情况，缺什么补什么36._ the baby could speak a full sentence made his parents very happy.A. That B. What C. Why D. If37._ the baby could speak made his parents very happy.A. That B. What C. Why D. If38. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 39. That warm-hearted woman often helps _ is in trouble.A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever（Wh-ever 表强调）3. 区别同位语从句与定语从句：定语从句：先行词可以放回从句中，同位语从句，先行词不能放回从句中，先行词与同位语从句是等同内容。40. I cant accept the fact _he passed away last year.41. I cant accept the fact _he told me yesterday.4. 注意形式主语和形式宾语it，复习句型！ It is necessary / important / impossible. that. It is a pity / a shame.that. find/ think/ consider / make it + adj. / n. +宾语从句 42. He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held. A. this B. that C. it D. these43. Wethought_strangethatTomdidnotcomeyesterday.A.that B.it C.this D.what44._ surprises me most is that the students can do so much homework every day. A. It B. What C. That D. Which45._ is still unknown when the president will make a public speech.A. It B. That C. He D. What对比：46. _is known to all that Beijing is the capital of China.47._is known to all is _Beijing is the capital of China.48._is known to all, Beijing is the capital of China.5. 陈述句语序49.Can you make sure _ the gold ring? A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice putC. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put6. 注意从句中(should) do的用法l suggest / advice / insist/ request / command.+宾语从句中l suggestion / require / request / command + 同位语从句l suggestion / require / request / command . is 表语从句l It is necessary / important .+ 真正的主语从句50. It is suggested that we _ to the park later. A. will go B. went C. go D. has goneBook 4 Unit 1 主谓一致详细看课件或笔记（熟记）Book 4 Unit 2 Unit 4 V-ing形式1.V-ing形式在句子中作主语，宾语，表语，补语，状语2.形式主语和形式宾语it，复习句型和短语l It is no use doing sth.l There is no telling/ knowing .无法知道l look forward to doing sth.l The book is worth reading.= The book is worthy of being read. 3.要考虑时态和主被动l Doing l Being donel Having donel Having been done51._ the front door _, he had to enter the room through the back door.A. Seen, painted B. Seeing, being painted C. Being seen, being painted D. Seeing, painting52. _the movie, she still wanted to go to the cinema again. A. Watching B. Being watching C. Having watched D. To watch53. _several time, he finally understand the meaning of the sentence. A. Teaching B. Being taught C. Having taught D. Having been taught 54._ his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.A. Not knowing B. Knowing not C. Not having known D. Having not known(有时两个动作时间先后不用特别强调，这个需要多做题，形成语感。)4.如果逻辑主语不是句子的主语，则要补充doin