综合教程第六册(第2版)Unit3-on-reading.ppt

上海外语教育出版社南京信息工程大学刘杰海,新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材（修订版）综合教程第六册(第2版)电子教案,Cover,Unit3OnReading,Contentspage,Contents,LearningObjectivesPre-readingActivitiesGlobalReadingDetailedReadingConsolidationActivitiesFurtherEnhancement,Learningobjectives,LearningObjectives,Rhetoricalskill:discussionononepointKeylanguageitisapitythatsofewofushave.Buttherearemasterpieceswhichareacknowledgedtobesuchbyallthebestcriticsandtowhichthehistoriansofliteraturedevoteconsiderablespace,yetwhichnoordinarypersoncannowreadwithenjoyment.,DetailedReading,DR-p2b-text,Theyareimportanttothestudents,butchangingtimesandchangingtasteshaverobbedthemoftheirsavouranditishardtoreadthemnowwithoutaneffortofwill.Letmegiveoneinstance:IhavereadGeorgeEliotsAdamBede,butIcannotputmyhandonmyheartandsaythatwaswithpleasure.Ireaditfromasenseofduty;Ifinisheditwithasighofrelief.,DetailedReading,DR-p3a-text,3.NowofsuchbooksasthisImeantosaynothing.Everymanishisownbestcritic.Whateverthelearnedsayaboutabook,howeverunanimoustheyareintheirpraiseofit,unlessitinterestsyou,itisnobusinessofyours.Dontforgetthatcriticsoftenmakemistakesthehistoryofcriticismisfulloftheblundersthemosteminentofthemhavemade,andyouwhoreadarethefinaljudgeofthevaluetoyouofthebookyouarereading.This,ofcourse,appliestothebooksIamgoingtorecommendtoyourattention.,DetailedReading,DR-p3b-text,Wearenoneofusexactlylikeeveryoneelse,onlyratherlike,anditwouldbeunreasonabletosupposethatthebooksthathavemeantagreatdealtomeshouldbepreciselythosethatwillmeanagreatdealtoyou.ButtheyarebooksthatIfeelthericherforhavingread,andIthinkIshouldnotbequitethemanIamifIhadnotreadthem.AndsoIbegofyou,ifanyofyouwhoreadthesepagesaretemptedtoreadthebooksIsuggestandcannotgetonwiththem,justputthemdown;theywillbeofnoservicetoyouifyoudonotenjoythem.,DetailedReading,DR-p3c-text,Nooneisunderanobligationtoreadpoetryorfictionorthemiscellaneousliteraturewhichisclassedasbelles-lettres.(IwishIknewtheEnglishtermforthis,butIdontthinkthereisone.)Hemustreadthemforpleasure,andwhocanclaimthatwhatpleasesonemanmustnecessarilypleaseanother?,DetailedReading,DR-p4a-text,4.Butletnoonethinkthatpleasureisimmoral.Pleasureinitselfisagreatgood,allpleasure,butitsconsequencesmaybesuchthatthesensiblepersoneschewscertainvarietiesofit.Norneedpleasurebegrossandsensual.Theyarewiseintheirgenerationwhohavediscoveredthatintellectualpleasureisthemostsatisfyingandthemostenduring.Itiswelltoacquirethehabitofreading.Toacquirethehabitofreadingistoconstructforyourselfarefugefromalmostallthemiseriesoflife.,DetailedReading,DR-p4b-text,Almostall,Isay,forIwouldnotgosofarastopretendthattoreadabookwillassuagethepangsofhungerorstillthepainofunrequitedlove;buthalfadozengooddetectivestoriesandahot-waterbottlewillenableanyonetosnaphisfingersattheworstcoldinthehead.Butwhoisgoingtoacquirethehabitofreadingforreadingssake,ifheisbiddentoreadbooksthatborehim?,DetailedReading,DR-p5a-text,5.ItismoreconvenienttotakethebooksofwhichIamnowgoingtospeakinchronologicalorder,butIcanseenoreasonwhy,ifyoumakeupyourmindtoreadthem,youshoulddosointhatorder.Ithinkyouwouldbemuchbetteradvisedtoreadthemaccordingtoyourfancy;nordoIseeevenwhyyoushouldreadthemonebyone.Formyownpart,Ifinditmoreagreeabletoreadfourorfivebookstogether.Afterall,youarentinthesamemoodononedayasonanother,norhaveyouthesameeagernesstoreadacertainbookatallhoursoftheday.,DetailedReading,DR-p5b-text,Wemustsuitourselvesinthesematters,andIhavenaturallyadoptedtheplanthatbestsuitsme.InthemorningbeforeIstartworkIreadforawhileabook,eitherofscienceorphilosophy,thatrequiresafreshandattentivebrain.Itsetsmeofffortheday.Lateron,whenmyworkisdoneandIfeelatease,butnotinclinedformentalexerciseofastrenuouscharacter,Ireadhistory,essays,criticismorbiography;andintheeveningIreadanovel.,DetailedReading,DR-p5c-text,Besidesthese,IkeeponhandavolumeofpoetryincaseIfeelinthemoodforthat,andbymybedsideIhaveoneofthosebooks,toorarelytobefound,alas,whichyoucandipintoatanyplaceandstopreadingwithequanimityattheendofanyparagraph.,DetailedReading,DR-p6a-text,6.UponlookingbackonwhatIhavewritten,InoticethatIhavemorethanoncesuggestedtoyouthatyouwouldbewisenowandthentoskip.IthinkallthebooksIhavementionedareimportantenoughtobereadthoroughly,buteventheyaremoreenjoyableifyouexerciseyourrighttoskip.Changeoftastehasrenderedcertainpartsofevengreatworkstedious.Wenolongerwanttobebotheredwiththemoraldissertationsofwhichtheeighteenthcenturywassofond,norwiththelengthydescriptionsofscenerywhichwerefavouredinthenineteenth.,DetailedReading,DR-p6b-text,Whenthenovelbecamerealisticauthorsfellinlovewithdetailforitsownsake,andittookthemalongtimetodiscoverthatdetailisinterestingonlyifitisrelevant.Toknowhowtoskipistoknowhowtoreadwithprofitandpleasure,buthowyouaretolearnitIcannottellyou,foritisatrickIhaveneveracquired.Iamabadskipper;Iamafraidofmissingsomethingthatmaybeofvaluetome,andsowillreadpagesthatonlywearyme;,DetailedReading,DR-p6c-text,whenonceIbegintoskip,Icannotstop,andendthebookdissatisfiedwithmyselfbecauseIamawareIhavenotdoneitjustice,andthenIamapttothinkthatImightjustaswellneverhavereaditatall.,DetailedReading,DR:p1Analysis,Paragraph1AnalysisInthisparagraph,theauthordefinesthescopeofthispassage:hisdiscussionwouldexcludethosebooksthatbringtediumandboredom,sincethemaintopicisclearlystatedinthebeginning:“.readingshouldbeenjoyable.”,DetailedReading,DR:p2Analysis,Paragraphs2AnalysisAfterdefiningthescopeofhisdiscussion,theauthorgoesontospecifythereaderswhoareeligibletoreadthebooksinhismind.Thenhemovesontothefirsttopictheselectionofbooksforreading.Inthisparagraphtheauthorpointsoutaproblemwithsomemasterpieces,thatis,“.changingtimesandchangingtasteshaverobbedthemoftheirsavour.”anditisnolongerenjoyableforustoreadthemtoday.,DetailedReading,DR:p3Analysis,Paragraphs3AnalysisWithhiscommentsonmasterpieces,theauthornaturallytouchesonthecriterionofbookselectioninthisparagraph.Theauthorinsiststhatthereaderisthefinaljudgeofwhatbooksseemgoodtohim/her,becausethesamebooksmayhavedifferentmeaningsfordifferentpeople.Thisviewisstrengthenedbytherhetoricalquestionattheendofthisparagraph,“.whocanclaimthatwhatpleasesonemanmustnecessarilypleaseanother?”,DetailedReading,DR:p4Analysis,Paragraphs4AnalysisInthisparagraph,theauthorexpoundsontherelationshipbetweenintellectualpleasureandthehabitofreading.Hebelievesthat“intellectualpleasureisthemostsatisfyingandthemostenduring”andtheacquisitionofthehabitofreadingmustbebasedonpleasurablereading.,DetailedReading,DR:p5Analysis,Paragraphs5AnalysisInthisparagraphtheauthorcontinueshisdiscussiononthehabitofreading.Accordingtohim,thishabitvariesfrompersontopersonandshouldbetailoredtothereadersownfancy.,DetailedReading,DR:p6Analysis,Paragraphs6AnalysisThisparagraphisdevotedtothediscussionofanimportantreadingskillskipping.Thisisthetrickwhichtheauthorhimselfhasneveracquired.,DetailedReading,DR-Question-p1,Paragraph1:QuestionWhatkindofbookswouldbeexcludedfromtheauthorsdiscussion?,DetailedReading,Excludedfromtheauthorsdiscussionarethosebookswhichofferinstructionstofulfillutilitarianpurposessuchasgettingadegreeorearningaliving.,DR-Question-p2-1,Paragraph2:Questions1.Whoaretheeligiblereadersofthebooksintheauthorsmind?,DetailedReading,Accordingtotheauthor,theyareadultswhohaveleisuretimetoreadandwouldliketoreadthebooks.,DR-Question-p2-2,Paragraph2:Questions2.Whatistheauthorsopinionaboutmasterpieces？,DetailedReading,Theauthorisverycautiousonthematter.Ontheonehand,hebelievesthatthoseacknowledgedmasterpiecesareimportanttostudents.Ontheotherhand,herealizesthatallmasterpiecesdonotnecessarilyprovideenjoyablereading,becausechangingtimesandchangingtasteshaverobbedthemoftheirsavour.Readingthesemasterpiecesdemandsaneffortofwill,whichhasbeenprovedbytheauthorsownexperience.,DR-Question-p3,Paragraph3:QuestionWhatdoestheauthorsayaboutthecriticscommentsonabookandhisownrecommendedbooks?,DetailedReading,Accordingtotheauthor,thereadershouldnotbeaffectedbycriticscommentsonbooks.Inhisopinion,thereadershouldnotreadabookunlessthebookitselfinterestshim/her.Astohisownrecommendedbooks,theauthorsaysthattheywillbeofnoservicetothereaderifhe/shedoesnotenjoythem.Bothcasesconformtothethematicstatementatthebeginningoftheessay.,DR-Question-p4,Paragraph4:QuestionWhat,accordingtotheauthor,isthebenefitthehabitofreadingcouldbringabout?,DetailedReading,Thehabitofreading,accordingtotheauthor,providesthereaderwitharefugefrommostmiseriesinlife.,DR-Question-p5,Paragraph5:QuestionWhatdoestheauthormeanwhenhesaysthat“Wemustsuitourselvesinthesematters.”?,DetailedReading,Theauthormeansthatweshouldfollowourmoodinthesematterssinceonesmoodandeagernessmaynotbethesameononedayasonanother,oratallhoursoftheday.,DR-Question-p6-1,Paragraph6:Questions1.Why,accordingtotheauthor,isitimportanttoskipwhilereading?,DetailedReading,Althoughallthebookstheauthorrecommendsareveryimportant,readingwillbemoreprofitableandenjoyablewhenonelearnshowtoskip,becausechangingtasteshaverenderedcertainpartsofevengreatworkstedious.,DR-Question-p6-2,Paragraph6:Question2.Whatistheauthorsexperienceofskippinginreading?,DetailedReading,Theauthorhimselfhasnotyetacquiredthetrickofskipping.Oncehebeginstoskip,hecannotstop.Consequently,heisalwaysafraidofmissingsomethingvaluableandhasasenseofguilt.Thatmakeshimabadskipper.,LPT-ofcoursetherearemanybooksthat,DetailedReading,“Ofcourse,therearemanybooksthatweallhavetoread,eithertopassexaminationsortoacquireinformation,fromwhichitisimpossibletoextractenjoyment.”,Paraphrase,Ofcoursetherearemanybooksthatarenotinterestingatall.Inspiteofthat,westillhavetoreadthembecausetheycanhelpuspassexaminationsorprovideuswithnecessaryinformation.,LPT-extract,DetailedReading,extractvt.(extractionn.)toremoveasubstancefromanothersubstancetogetsomethingfromsomeonewhodoesnotwanttogiveittoyou,e.g.,Theyusedtoextractironorefromthissite.Thetoothwaseventuallyextracted.Theextractionofmineralshasdamagedthecountryside.Shemarried,inMalaysia,amanofIndianextraction.,LPT-enableustogetthroughthem,DetailedReading,“enableustogetthroughthemwithouttedium”,Paraphrase,enableustofinishourreadingwithoutgettingbored,LPT-suchbookswereadwithresignation,DetailedReading,“Suchbookswereadwithresignationratherthanwithalacrity.”,Paraphrase,Wereadsuchbooksbecausewehaveto,notbecauseweloveto.,LPT-resign,DetailedReading,resignvt.(resignationn.)tostateformallythatyouareleavingajobpermanently,e.g.,Sheshowedanattitudeofquietresignationtoherfate.aresignedlook/expression/tone“Weregoingtobelateagain,”hesaidresignedly.,LPT-alacrity,DetailedReading,alacrityn.withalacrity:quicklyandwithenthusiasm,e.g.,TheUnitedNationshasactedwithalacrityanddeterminationinthiscrisis.Heacceptedtheinvitationwithalacrity.,LPT-thathowevertheycannotdounlessyou,DetailedReading,“That,however,theycannotdounlessyouenjoyreadingthem.”,Paraphrase,Thewords“they”and“them”refertobooks.Theword“that”referstowhathasbeenmentionedintheprecedingsentence,i.e.“.theywillhelpyoutolivemorefully.”Thenormalorderofthesentenceshouldbe:However,theycannotdothatunlessyouenjoyreadingthem,LPT-Iwishtodealonlywiththemasterpieces,DetailedReading,“Iwishtodealonlywiththemasterpieceswhichtheconsensusofopinionforalongtimehasacceptedassupreme.”,Paraphrase,Iwishtodealonlywiththebooksthathavebeenacceptedbyeveryoneasgreatworks.,LPT-consensus,DetailedReading,consensusn.agreementamongallthepeopleinvolved,e.g.,Thegeneralconsensusintheofficeisthathesuselessathisjob.Couldwereachaconsensusonthismatter?Letstakeavote.Thevotersconsensuswasthatthemeasureshouldbeadopted.,LPT-supreme,DetailedReading,supremeadj.mostimportant,ormostpowerful,e.g.,Shewasawardedamedalforshowingsupremecourage/bravery.Forme,dietingrequiresasupremeeffortofwill.,LPT-towhich,DetailedReading,“towhichthehistoriansofliteraturedevoteconsiderablespace”,Paraphrase,onwhichscholarsofthehistoryofliteraturewritealotofcriticalpapersandcommentsonthem,LPT-theyareimportanttothestudents,DetailedReading,“Theyareimportanttothestudents,butchangingtimesandchangingtasteshaverobbedthemoftheirsavouranditishardtoreadthemnowwithoutaneffortofwill.”,Paraphrase,Thosebooksaregoodonesandtheyareimportanttothestudents,butwiththechangingoftimes,peoplesattitudesandtastestowardsthesetypesofbooksalsochanged.Sonowstudentsmaynotlikethemverymuchandtheyneedtomakeagreatefforttoreadthem.,LPT-putmyhandonmyheart,DetailedReading,“putmyhandonmyheart”,Paraphrase,Puttingoneshandononesheartisasignofbeinghonestandsincere,andisoftenusedtogetherwithaverbaloathorsolemnclaim.,LPT-rob,DetailedReading,robvt.totakemoneyorpropertyillegallyfromapersonorplace,oftenusingthreatsorviolence,e.g.,Theyrobbedthecompanyof2million.Theyrobbedherofherprofessionalstanding.,LPT-NowofsuchbooksasthisImeantosaynothing,DetailedReading,“NowofsuchbooksasthisImeantosaynothing.”,Paraphrase,Thenormalsentenceordershouldbe:“NowImeantosaynothingofsuchbooksasthis.”Theword“this”referstoGeorgeEliotsAdamBedeintheprecedingparagraph.,LPT-whateverthelearnedsayaboutabook,DetailedReading,“Whateverthelearnedsayaboutabook,howeverunanimoustheyareintheirpraiseofit,unlessitinterestsyou,itisnobusinessofyours.”,Paraphrase,Eventhoughmanyscholarshighlypraiseabook,youdonthavetoreaditatallifyoudontfinditinteresting.,LPT-unanimous,DetailedReading,unanimousadj.aunanimousdecision,vote,agreementetcisonethateveryoneagreeswithandsupports,e.g.,Thejuryreturnedaunanimousverdictofguiltyafterashortdeliberation.Afteralengthydiscussionwereachedaunanimousdecisionontheproposal.Thenewformathasunanimoussupportandcouldbeintroducednextseason.,LPT-donotforgetthatcriticsoftenmake,DetailedReading,“Dontforgetthatcriticsoftenmakemistakesthehistoryofcriticismisfulloftheblundersthemosteminentofthemhavemade,andyouwhoreadarethefinaljudgeofthevaluetoyouofthebookyouarereading.”,Paraphrase,Eventhemostfamouscriticsmakealotofmistakesaboutbooks,ashasbeenprovedthroughoutthehistoryofcriticism.Inthefinalanalysis,onlyyou,thereader,areinapositiontomakejudgmentsabouthowvaluableabookistoyou.,LPT-blunder,DetailedReading,blundern.acarelessorembarrassingmistake,e.g.,Awomandiedofararediseaseyesterdayaftershewasinfectedasaresultofahospitalblunder.Imadeabitofablunderbygettinghisnamewrong.Policeblunderedbynotreleasingmoredetailsaboutthecasetofocuspublicinterest.,LPT-theywillbeofnoservicetoyou,DetailedReading,“.theywillbeofnoservicetoyou.”,Paraphrase,.theywillnotbehelpfultoyou,LPT-themiscellaneousliterature,DetailedReading,themiscellaneousliteratureothervarietiesorgenresofliterarywriting,LPT-Belles-lettres,DetailedReading,Belles-lettres(Paragraph3)(plural)aFrenchwordreferringtoliteraryworksthatarebeautifulandpleasinginanartisticway,ratherthanbeingseriousorfullofinformation,LPT-butitsconsequencesmaybesuchthatthe,DetailedReading,“.butitsconsequencesmaybesuchthatthesensiblepersoneschewscertainvarietiesofit.”,Paraphrase,.buttheconsequencesofsomekindsofpleasurewouldmakethesensiblepersontrytoavoidthem.,LPT-theyarewiseintheirgenerationwhohave,DetailedReading,“Theyarewiseintheirgenerationwhohavediscoveredthatintellectualpleasureisthemostsatisfyingandthemostenduring.”,Paraphrase,Thosepeoplewhohavediscoveredthatintellectualpleasureisthemostsatisfyingandthemostenduringarewisepeopleintheirgeneration.,LPT-theyarewise-note,Noticethatthisisaproverbialstructure,oftenusedattheendoffablestosumupthemoralofthestory.E.g.“Hewhohesitatesislost,”“Hewholaughslastlaughslongest,”“Heislifelessthatisfaultless,”“Theythatknownothingfearnothing,”“Peoplewholiveinglasshousesshouldnotthrowstones.,DetailedReading,LPT-Iwouldnotgosofarastopretendthat,DetailedReading,“.Iwouldnotgosofarastopretendthattoreadabookwillassuagethepangsofhungerorstillthepainofunrequitedlove.”,Paraphrase,.Idontwanttopretendthatreadingabookcaneaseoneshungerorkillthepainofunreturnedlove.,LPT-pang,DetailedReading,pangn.averystrong,sudden,andunpleasantpainoremotion,e.g.,apangofjealousyWehadnteatensinceyesterdayandthehungerpangsweregettinghardertoignore.,LPT-still,DetailedReading,stillvt.tobecomecalmandquiet,ortomakesomeoneorsomethingcalmandquiet,e.g.,Hetriedtostilltheswayingofthehammock.Shecuddledherbabytostillitscries.,LPT-unrequited,DetailedReading,unrequitedadj.ifyourloveforsomeoneisunrequited,theydonotloveyoueventhoughyoulovethem,e.g.,anunrequitedinjuryBut,alas,MissTwiningslovefortheprofessorwasunrequited.,LPT-tosnaphisfingersattheworstcoldinthehead,DetailedReading,“.tosnaphisfingersattheworstcoldinthehead.”,Paraphrase,Thismeansthereaderissoabsorbedingooddetectivestoriesthathe/shepaysnoattentiontothefactthathe/sheisill.,LPT-itsetsmeofffortheday,DetailedReading,“Itsetsmeofffortheday.”,Paraphrase,Itgetsmepreparedfortheworkoftheday.,LPT-lateronwhenmyworkis,DetailedReading,“Lateron,whenmyworkisdoneandIfeelatease,butnotinclinedformentalexerciseofastrenuouscharacter,Ireadhistory,essays,criticismorbiography;andintheeveningIreadanovel.”,Paraphrase,Lateron,whenIfinishmywork,andIfeelrelaxed,anddontwanttobeatmybrains,Iusuallyreadhistory,essays,criticismorbiography,andintheeveningIreadanovel.,LPT-lateronwhenmyworkis-note,Here“mentalexerciseofastrenuouscharacter”referstoreadingabookthatrequiresgreatconcentrationandmentaleffortsuchasabookofscienceorphilosophy,whichtheauthordoesinthemorning.Noticethathere“character”meansaparticularqualityorfeature,notacharacterinanovel.,DetailedReading,LPT-incline,DetailedReading,inclinevi.totendtobehaveinaparticularwayortohaveaparticularattitudeoropinion,e.g.,Iminclinedtoagreewithwhatyouweresayinginthemeeting.Shesmoreinclinedthanmostpeopletohelpoutwhenyouaskher.Tomisinclinedtobelazy.Iinclinetotheviewthatpeacecanbeachieved.,LPT-oneofthosebooks,DetailedReading,“oneofthosebooks.whichyoucandipintoatanyplace.”,Paraphrase,oneofthosebooks.ofwhichyoucanreadacoupleofpagesorafewlinesatanyplace,LPT-exerciseyourrighttoskip,DetailedReading,exerciseyourrighttoskip(Paragraph6)useyourrighttojumpoverpartsofabookthatyouarereading,LPT-alas,DetailedReading,alas(Paragraph5)(chieflypoeticorliteraryorhumorous)anexpressionofgrief,pity,orconcern,LPT-bebotheredwiththemoral,DetailedReading,“bebotheredwiththemoraldissertations.”,Paraphrase,betiredwithlongpiecesofwritingonmoralissues,LPT-whenthenovelbecamerealistic,Deta