非谓语动词讲解和练习

非谓语动词一、非谓语动词:在句中不单独作谓语的动词叫非谓语动词。例：He likes to read the novel. He enjoyed traveling around world. John made Tom go with him.解析：英语的单句中，可能有两个动词，动词2根据动词1的而变化。而我们看到的动词2，及(to do, doing, done等形式，就是非谓语动词） 单句中的动词1与动词2， 动词1是谓语，有各种时态、语态、语气的变化 动词2根据动词1而变化例: He wanted to do that. I am enjoying seeing the film. Let us go!二、非谓语动词的种类1.不定式 to do 有还没有做的含义.2.动名词doing 表示抽象的名词意义3.现在分词doing 表示主动或进行的意义.4.过去分词done 表示被动或完成的意义.考点分析：非谓语动词是每年中考的必考内容，主要集中在对动词不定式和动名词的考查（1）动名词： 动词+doing 介词+doing1、只能接-ing作宾语的动词口诀：喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习，错过建议保持介意值得考虑 （押韵）enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事spend.doing sth. 花费做某事be busy doing sth. 忙于做 imagine sb. doing sth. 想象做某事cant help doing sth. 忍不住做某事feel like doing sth. 想要做某事finish doing sth. 完成做某事 practice doing sth. 练习做某事只加ving的词miss doing sth. 错过做某事suggest doing sth. 建议做某事keep (on) doing sth. 保持（继续）做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事be worth doing sth. 值得做某事consider doing sth. 考虑做某事2、介词+doing常考介词: at, in, on，of, off, for, from，up, about, without ，to 等等put off doing 推迟做某事stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事give up doing sth. 放弃做某事without doing sth. 没有做某事think about doing sth. 考虑做某事What How about doing 做某事怎么样?be good at doing sth 擅长做某事 be interested in doing sth. 对做某事感兴趣 insist on doing 坚持做某事be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事thank sb. for doing sth. 谢谢某人做某事be tired of doing sth. 厌烦做某事be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事 注意：此to 非彼to（介词+doing ）look forward to doing sth. （盼望）pay attention to doing sth. （注意）be used to doing sth. （习惯于） prefer doing sth to doing sth. （更喜欢）devote to doing sth （致力于）make a contribution to doing （做贡献）u 小试牛刀1. Now more and more people are busy_ about the Internet. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 2.-Its too hot. Would you mind _the door? -_. Please do it. A. to open; OK B. opening; Certainly not C. opening; Of course D. to open; Good idea 3. No matter how hard it is, well keep_until we make it. A. failed B. failing C. tried D. trying 4. -Are you enjoying_in Ningbo? -Yes, we are. Very much. A. to live B. living C. lives D. lived 5 We couldnt help _(laugh) after we heard the funny story A. to laugh B. laughing C. laughs D. laughed （2）动词不定式:1、只能接不定式作宾语的动词口诀：决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事decide to do sth. 决定做某事want would like to do sth. 想做某事plan to do sth. 计划做某need to do sth. 需要做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事afford to do 能做某事迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事cant wait to do 迫不及待地要做某事make up ones mind to do 下决心做某事used to do 过去常常做某事fail to do 未能做某事2、接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀：想要邀请期待鼓励与建议want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事请求与命令ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事答应告诫允许提醒和帮助promise sb. to do 答应某人做某事warn sb. not to do sth. 告诫某人做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 3、省略to的情况:o 使役动词和感官动词后：一感二听三让四看feel/ hear, listen to/ let, make, have, / look at, see, watch, noticeo had better （not）do sth. 最好(不)做o why not /why dont you do sth为什么不做?o help sb.（to）do stho Would rather宁愿做o would you please情态动词+do助动词+do 感官动词 + doing / do 感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do 表示动作的完整性，真实性；+doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性例如：I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调我看见了这个事实)I saw him working in the garden yesterday. 昨天我见他正在花园里干活。 （强调我见他正干活这个动作）典型例题1）They knew her very well. They had seen her _ up from childhood. A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow答案：A。因题意为，他们看着她长大，因此强调的是成长的过程，而非正在长的动作，因此用see sb do sth 的句型。2）The missing boy was last seen _ near the river. A. playing B. to be playingC. playD. to play答案A. 本题强调其动作，正在河边玩，应此用see sb. doing sth句型。u 牛刀小试1.My mother often asks me _ some cleaning on Sundays A do B. does C. did D. to do 2.Do you often hear John _in his room ? Listen! Now we can hear him _ in his room . A.sing , to sing B. sing, sing C. sing , singing D. to sing , singing 3.I watched her _ in the next room last night . A.dancing B. to dance C. dances D. dance4.Lets _swimming after the exam . A.go B. goes C. to go D. went5.Youd better _a bus . A.to catch B. catch C. catches D. catching特殊词精讲:to do doing remember forger (do在后) 要做（do在前）做过stop go on （两个字）两件事 （一个字）一件事likehatelove一次性 长期 try 尽力做 尝试做 startbegin一样 一样 1) remember doing / to do remember to do 记得去做某事 (未做) remember doing记得做过某事 (已做)例如：Remember to go to the post office after school.记着放学后去趟邮局。Dont you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?2) forget doing / to do forget to do忘记要去做某事。(未做) forget doing忘记做过某事。(已做)例如：The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off. (没有做关灯的动作) He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。 ( 已做过关灯的动作)典型例题- The light in the office is still on. - Oh，I forgot_. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off答案：C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forget to do sth. 而forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了，而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。3)regret doing / to do regret to do 对要做的事遗憾。(未做) regret doing 对做过的事遗憾、后悔。(已做)例如：I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice.我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没有办法。 I dont regret telling her what I thought. 我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。典型例题-You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. -Well, now I regret _ that.A. to do B. to be doing C.to have done D.having done答案：D。regret having done sth. 对已发生的事感到遗憾。regret to do sth. 对将要做的事感到遗憾。本题为对已说的话感到后悔，因此选D。4) cease doing / to do cease to do 长时间，甚至永远停做某事。 cease doing 短时停止做某事，以后还会接着做。例如：That department has ceased to exist forever. 那个部门已不复存在。 The girls ceased chatting for a moment when their teacher passed by.姑娘们在老师走过时，停了会聊天。5) stop doing / to do stop to do停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事。 stop doing停止做某事。例如：They stop to smoke a cigarette. 他们停下来，抽了根烟。I must stop smoking. 我必须戒烟了。典型例题：She reached the top of the hill and stopped _on a big rock by the side of the path. A. to have restedB. resting C. to restD. rest答案：C。由题意可知，她到了山顶，停下来在一个路边的大石头上休息。因此，应选择stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事。而不仅仅是爬山动作的终止，所以stop doing sth.不正确。6) go on doing / to do go on to do做了一件事后，接着做另一件事。 go on doing 继续做原来做的事。例如： After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics.做完数学后，他接着去做物理。7) try doing / to do try to do努力，企图做某事。 try doing 试验，试着做某事。例如： You must try to be more careful.你可要多加小心。I tried gardening but didnt succeed. 我试着种果木花卉，但未成功。8) be afraid doing / to do be afraid to do不敢，胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不去做，意为怕； be afraid of doing担心出现doing的状况、结果。 doing 是客观上造成的，意为“生怕，恐怕”。例如：She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being bitten by a snake. 她生怕被蛇咬着，而不敢在草丛中再走一步。She was afraid to wake her husband. 她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。She was afraid of waking her husband. 她生怕吵醒她丈夫。9) mean to doing / to do mean to do 打算、想 mean doing意味着例如：I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to.我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。To raise wage means increasing purchasing power.赠加工资意味着增加购买力。 课时训练1、用括号中动词的适当形式填空 _(fish)is my favourite sport.I often _ _(fish) for hours without _(catch) anything. But this doesnt worry me.Some of the fishermen_ (be) unlucky.Instead of _(catch)fish,they catch old shoes.I am even less lucky. I never catch anything not even old shoes .After_ (spend)whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag, “You must give up_(fish)!”My friends say. “Its a waste of time.”But they dont know one important thing.Im not really interested in _(fish).Im only interested in _(sit)in a boat and_(do) nothing at all. 2、拓展精练1.Martin looks so well. Weve never seen him _ so well before. A. is looked B. is looking C. to look D. look2.My father has decided _ because smoking is bad for his health. A. to stop to smoke B. to stop smoking C. stopping smoking D. stop to smoke3It is kind _ me to carry these books. A. of you helping B. for you to help C. of you to help D. for you helping4 Would you like _ some bread or biscuits?No thanks. I dont feel like anything now. A. to have, eating B. to have, to eat C. having, to eat D. having, eating 5. Do you remember me, Tom? Ah, yes, I remembered _ you in JUSCO last year. A. see B. sees C. to see D. seeing1.We are interested in _ to swim. A. study B. studying C. learn D. learning2.My grandfather wants _around the world because he enjoys _new places. A. traveling , seeing B. to travel , to see C. to travel, seeing D. traveling ,to see3. Jack gives me a piece of paper_.A. to write B. to write on C. to write at D. to write in 4. Lets make a fire _ ourselves up. A. to warm B. warming C. warm D. warmed5.When I was walking in the field, I saw a plane _over my head.A. flew B. flies C. flying D. fling1. The old men enjoy _ to the singing of the birds in the park.A. listen B. to listen C. listening D. to listening2.My sister is interested in _ in her free time. A. watch TV B. reading books C. listening music D. plays basketball3.Let me _ you _ the flowers. A. to help，water B. helping，watering C. help，water D. to help，to water4. I saw him _ into the small store. A. went B. going C. to go D. has gone5.He is good at_. A.singing B.sing C.sings D.to sing根据句意，用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Is it necessary _(learn) a foreign language? 2. He is good at _(swim).3. Do you have anything _(say) for yourself?4. Its spring now. Its time _(plant) trees.5. Dont keep me _(wait) for a long time.6. The policeman told the boys not _(play) in the street.7. Her son is too young _(dress) himself. 8. The ice _(cover) with snow is dangerous to walk on.9. China doesnt want _(copy) the USAs example.10. Lets _(have) a rest, shall we?11. The speaker spoke too quickly for us _(understand).12. The book seems easy _(read).13. I asked him _(show) me his new pen.14. A _(break) car is parked at the corner of the road.15. Knives are used for _(cut) things.16. Whats his _(give) name, do you know?17. I really dont know what _(do) next.18. I often hear people _(say) “_(see) is _(believe)”.19. Youd better _(try) this medicine.20. They said they had nothing _(worry) about.21. Can you finish _(read) the book in three days?22. I have been busy all these days. I really want _(relax) myself.23. The doctor was busy _(operate) on the boy at that time.24. Mary opened the door for him _(come) in.25. _(tell) you the truth, I dislike making friends with him.26. His wish was _(become) a doctor.27. Stop _(talk) and listen to me carefully.28. Thank you very much for _(help) us.29. Granny is very ill and she doesnt feel like _(eat) anything.30. Would you like _(climb) the mountain with me?31. The girl enjoys _(listen) to light music.32. Do you remember _(buy) me a beautiful skirt on my 13th birthday?33. Which of the following things would you like _(own)?34. We couldnt help _(laugh) after we heard the funny story.35. What about _(go) out for a walk?36. The boy was too short _(reach) the toy on the desk.37. I found a man _(lock) the door when I passed by.38. I was wrong _(speak) to her about it.39. _(be) honest, I just dont like him.40. Mr Fang promised _(provide) some help to the village school.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，使句子完整、正确。1. Sometimes we find her _ （drive）the tractor on the farm.2. Li Lei is asking his uncle, an English teacher, _（help）him think of a foreign name.3. - Hi! Li Hong. I didnt see you at the party.- Oh, I was busy _（get）ready for the coming exams.4. The old men enjoy _（listen）to the singing of the birds in the park.5. The girl _（stand）under the tree is my cousin Kate.6. Books _ （write）in easy English are very popular among Chinese middle school students.7. Why did you keep your brother _ （wait）for a long time that evening?8. I found the door _（close）when I got home.9. When they met again, they were too excited _（say）a word.10. Through the window, I saw some boys _（play）basketball.11. He didnt finish _（write）the book until last week.12. - How long did it take you _（do）your homework yesterday?- About half an hour.13. Let me _（help）you _（water）the flowers.14. My watch doesnt work. It needs _（repair）.15. _（take）good care of the vegetables, and they will grow better.16. How much time did you spend _ （watch）TV last night?17. I prefer _（read）books at home rather than _（go）shopping on Sundays.18. Its going _（rain）; youd better _（take）an umbrella with you.19. I often hear people _（say）“_（see）is _（believe）”.20. Though he often made his deskmate _（cry）, today he was made _（cry）by his deskmate.21. _ （repair）my TV set cost me 100 yuan.22. There are a number of students waiting to get _（examine）.23. Its too cold. Lets make a fire _ （warm）ourselves up.24. You dont need _ （worry）about your friend