The-Mississippi-River-密西西比河.ppt

,Contents,1Name2Geography3History4Navigation&Floodcontrol5Inpopularculture,Name,Nameorigin:Ojibweword(印第安人阿耳冈昆族语言)misi-ziibi,meaningGreatRiver,gichi-ziibi,meaningBigRiverNicknameTheFatherofWatersTheGatheringofWatersTheBigMuddyBodyofaNationBigRiverTheMightyMississippiOldManRiverOldBlueTheGreatRiverMoonRiver,Geography,SourceLakeItasca(艾塔斯卡湖)MouthGulfofMexico(墨西哥湾)Length2,348mi/6,020kmCountryUnitedStatesStatesMinnesota,Wisconsin,Iowa,Illinois,Missouri,Kentucky,Tennessee,Arkansas,Mississippi,Louisiana,BasicInformation,the4thlongestriverintheworld(aftertheNile,AmazonRiver,YangtzeRiver)triangulardrainagearea40%ofthecountry(U.S.)animportanttransportationarteryofNorthAmerica.,theUpperMississippiFromitsoriginatLakeItascatoSt.Louis,MissourtheMiddleMississippiFromSt.LouistotheOhioRiverconfluencetheLowerMississippifromitsconfluence（合流点）withtheOhioRivertoitsmouthattheGulfofMexico,RiverCourse,Outflow,anannualaveragerateofbetween200and700thousandcubicfeetpersecond(7,00020,000m/s)the5thlargestriverintheworldbyvolume(aftertheAmazonRiver,CongoRiver,RioMadeira,YangtzeRiver）Onaverage,theMississippihasonly8%theflowoftheAmazonRiver.,History,NativeAmericansModernAmericanIndiannationsinhabitingtheMississippibasinincludeCheyenne,Sioux,Ojibwe,Potawatomi,Ho-Chunk,Fox,Kickapoo,Tamaroa,Moingwena,QuapawandChickasaw.EuropeanexplorationColonizationSteamboateraCivilWar,Navigation&Floodcontrol,TheMississippiRiveristhelongestandmosteconomicallyimportantwaterwayintheUnitedStates.Thatindustryshipscorn,soybeans,andwheatfromfarmsintheMidwesttodestinationsaroundtheglobe.Roughly60percentofallgrainexportedfromtheUnitedStatestravelsonbargesalongthiswaterway.Anydisruptionhasarippleeffect.Theresalotofmoneyatstakeforthesefarmers,andtheresothercommoditiesthatarecomingdowntheriveraswell,soitsnotjustgrainbutitsalsochemicalsarecomingdowntheriver,coaliscomingdowntheriver,variousthingslikethat,notedJasenBrown,aHydraulicEngineerwiththeArmyCorps.,Flood:Mississippiatitsworst,1FloodofMarch15432Floodof1734-353Floodof17884Floodof18095Floodof18256GreatFloodof18447GreatFloodof18518GreatMississippiFloodof19279GreatFloodof193710Floodof194511MississippiFloodof197312Floodof197513Floodof197914LowerMississippiFloodof198315GreatMississippiandMissouriRiversFloodof199316Floodof200217Floodof200818GreatMississippiFloodof2011,18301850:thegoldenageofsteamboats1830:FederalgovernmentNavigationlock(船闸)&canal1848:theIllinois&MichiganCanalconnectionoftheMississippi&theFiveLakes1913:theKeokukdam1917:LockandDamNo.11930:LockandDamNo.21930s:Twenty-threenewlocksanddamswerebuiltontheupperMississippiinadditiontothethreealreadyinexistence.,Inpopularculture,WilliamFaulknerMarkTwainHermanMelville,Literature,WilliamFaulknerTheBearNobelPrizeforLiterature,1949,MarkTwainLifeontheMississippiAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn,HermanMelvilleTheConfidence-Man,Music,ThesongWhentheLeveeBreaksbyLedZeppelinAsetofmovementsforsymphonyorchestraentitledMississippiSuitebyFerdeGrofOlManRiverThecentralmusicalpieceofthestageandmoviemusicalSho