第十四届同济大学结构设计大赛计算书

结构赛计算书同济大学 力战到底队2013结构赛计算书第十四届同济大学结构设计大赛郭弘原孙磊 黄河 目录一、设计说明21、方案构思22、结构选型22.1材料截面选择32.2节点设计3二、方案设计41.几何模型42.材料特性43.杆件截面特性5三、负载模式71.竖向静力加载72.水平向静力加载73.水平向冲击加载7五、结构计算结果71.变形形状82.节点位移83.杆件内力91)轴力、剪力92)弯矩164.板块内力225.地基沉降23六、结构分析总结24一、设计说明根据竞赛规则要求，我们从模型制作的材料抗压特性，冲击荷载形式和静力加载大小要求等方面出发，结合节省材料，经济美观，承载力强等特点，采用比赛提供的白卡纸，白乳胶精心设计制作了“力战到底”结构模型，空间桁架结构为该模型的一大亮点。1、方案构思模型主要承受150N竖直静荷载、30N水平静荷载和一定的水平冲击荷载，竖直静荷载较容易满足，而水平冲击荷载结构的刚度要求较高，同时要求结构有较强的抗剪能力。（1）本结构主要构思是想利用两榀刚架连接后形成的立方体结构来抵抗荷载的作用（2）设计的总原则是：尽可能的利用竖向支撑的四根承重柱来提高柱子的承载力而在柱子之间辅以交叉的斜撑来稳定结构，并利用白卡纸优良的抗拉性能，及抗压性能来抵抗荷载的作用。2、结构选型我们选择三角形为结构单元，受力均匀，便于白卡纸性能的发挥，我们以空间刚架的结构为主导。整体外形为立方体刚架，节点间有斜撑连接，基础选择为筏型基础。2.1材料截面选择主体承重柱子截面为四根10mm*10mm双层方筒和15*15双层方筒的杆件粘接而成，保证抗压的同时减轻材料的质量。10*10的两个直角三角形拼接而成的斜撑稳定性较好，节省材料，整体稳定。底部筏型基础的梁也采取15*15双层方筒的杆件。2.2节点设计 主体框架结构相交的节点由于杆的倾斜在加动载和静载时会引起较大的剪力，在连接时用加长杆件的长度，多余部分裁剪合适造型粘接另一杆件来加大节点强度，从而在结构受力计算时一些节点模拟成刚节点。斜撑相交时，将斜撑直接搭接，并用小片的纸张辅以白乳胶粘接，避免直接穿插的榫接节点破坏材料的局部力学特性。二、方案设计1.几何模型2.材料特性名称种类层数弹性模量(MPa)重量密度N/mm3质量密度N-s2/mm4230克白卡纸156.97.5137E-067.6618E-102148.2对象类型总数总长 MM总重N框架7311600.593.41板块36.013.杆件截面特性面积类型图像1*1单层方筒1*1双层方筒(0.34m)1*1三角形筒1*1单层三角形拼接1.5*1.5双层方筒(0.34m)1.5*1.5双层三角形拼接(0.26m)面积类型面积（mm2）最大承受压力(N)安全承受压力（N,安全系数1.5）压杆稳定最大压力(N)I(mm4)压杆稳定安全最大压力(N)1*1单层方筒12845610.182.70928.1*1双层方筒(0.34m)24.72173.04115.3620.401.4416.1*1三角形筒10.2471.6847.2.48.03142.1*1单层三角形拼接20.49143.4395.6213.237.69811.1.5*1.5双层方筒(0.34m)36.72257.04171.3660.1196.46750.1.5*1.5双层三角形拼接(0.26m)62.68438.76292.132.1536.577110.三、负载模式1. 竖向静力加载将模型居中放置在加载平台上，在柱脚距砂面10mm处用水笔标记沉降控制线，通过加载圆盘加载，最大竖向荷载为150N，分三级加载，每级荷载增量为50N。进行受力分析时，我组将竖向荷载设计为均布面荷载。2. 水平向静力加载在竖向静力加载中模型未垮塌，则该模型可进行水平向静力加载。保持竖向150N静力荷载不变，通过拉索和滑轮施加水平拉力30N，记录结构顶点水平向位移（包括模型倾斜引起的位移）。考虑竖向砝码以角钢固定在本结构上，因此水平荷载可设计为均布线荷载。3. 水平向冲击加载在水平向静力加载中模型未垮塌，则该模型可进行水平向冲击加载。保留竖向静力加载150N和水平向静力荷载30N，将20N砝码提至30N砝码面上方约300mm处（拉索上有记号），突然释放20N砝码，以自由落体方式冲击30N砝码。五、结构计算结果1. 变形形状2. 节点位移以下结果是第三次加载后的结构变形情况：JointU1U2U3mmmmmm100.0.20-0.0.30.-0.0.40.0.-0.500.0.60-0.0.70.-0.-0.800.0.900.-0.100.0.-1.1100.0.1200.-0.131.-0.0.161.17188-0.0.17-0.03625-0.0.181.-0.-2.19-0.027020.-0.201.-0.-2.212.45768-0.-0.222.37541-0.-0.232.0.-1.242.-0.-0.252.-0.-1.262.-0.-3.272.58459-0.-3.282.-0.-3.294.-0.-0.324.-0.-0.344.-0.-3.364.-0.-3.由图表可知x轴方向最大位移不超过4.07mm，竖向位移最大不超过3.90mm。3. 杆件内力1) 轴力、剪力第一次加载第二次加载第三次加载FrameStationPV2V3mmNNN10.00-20.58-4.879E-02-8.083E-03150.00-20.57-4.879E-02-8.083E-031100.00-20.55-4.879E-02-8.083E-0320.00-13.02-1.298E-020.0270.71-13.010.000.002141.42-12.991.298E-020.003000-13.55-1.298E-020.00370.71-13.530.000.003141.42-13.521.298E-020.0040.00-10.67-3.445E-025.081E-03450.00-10.66-3.445E-025.081E-03450.00-21.32-6.890E-021.016E-024100.00-21.30-6.890E-021.016E-0250.00-13.03-1.298E-020.00570.71-13.010.000.005141.42-13.001.298E-020.0060.00-12.59-1.298E-020.00670.71-12.580.000.006141.42-12.561.298E-020.0070.00-20.574.902E-02-8.476E-03750.00-20.554.902E-02-8.476E-037100.00-20.544.902E-02-8.476E-0380.00-13.03-1.298E-020.00870.71-13.020.000.008141.42-13.001.298E-020.0090.00-13.55-1.298E-020.00970.71-13.540.000.009141.42-13.521.298E-020.00100.00-10.683.434E-024.869E-031050.00-10.663.434E-024.869E-031050.00-21.336.868E-029.738E-0310100.00-21.326.868E-029.738E-03110.00-13.02-1.298E-020.001170.71-13.000.000.0011141.42-12.991.298E-020.00120.00-12.59-1.298E-020.001270.71-12.570.000.0012141.42-12.561.298E-020.00130.00-20.12-3.164E-02-2.148E-021380.00-20.10-3.164E-02-2.148E-0213160.00-20.08-3.164E-02-2.148E-02160.00-20.74-3.978E-02-4.083E-031680.00-20.72-3.978E-02-4.083E-0316160.00-20.70-3.978E-02-4.083E-03190.00-20.123.054E-02-2.030E-021980.00-20.093.054E-02-2.030E-0219160.00-20.073.054E-02-2.030E-02200.00-10.663.445E-025.081E-032025.00-10.673.445E-025.081E-032050.00-10.673.445E-025.081E-03220.00-20.754.084E-02-2.963E-032280.00-20.734.084E-02-2.963E-0322160.00-20.714.084E-02-2.963E-03230.00-10.683.434E-024.869E-032325.00-10.673.434E-024.869E-032350.00-10.663.434E-024.869E-03250.00-17.10-7.328E-04-2.670E-032585.00-17.08-7.328E-04-2.670E-0325170.00-17.06-7.328E-04-2.670E-03270.000.27-3.673E-021.253E-0527282.840.273.672E-021.253E-05280.00-17.082.129E-032.402E-042885.00-17.062.129E-032.402E-0428170.00-17.032.129E-032.402E-04290.00-8.389E-04-3.668E-021.052E-0429282.84-8.389E-043.677E-021.052E-04300.000.53-3.691E-02-2.911E-0430282.840.533.654E-02-2.911E-04310.00-17.08-2.445E-034.591E-043185.00-17.06-2.445E-034.591E-0431170.00-17.04-2.445E-034.591E-04340.00-17.101.028E-033.343E-033485.00-17.071.028E-033.343E-0334170.00-17.051.028E-033.343E-03370.00-16.657.011E-037.310E-033785.00-16.637.011E-037.310E-0337170.00-16.617.011E-037.310E-03400.00-16.661.168E-02-1.192E-024085.00-16.631.168E-02-1.192E-0240170.00-16.611.168E-02-1.192E-02430.00-16.66-1.154E-021.185E-024385.00-16.64-1.154E-021.185E-0243170.00-16.62-1.154E-021.185E-02460.00-16.65-7.141E-03-7.361E-034685.00-16.62-7.141E-03-7.361E-0346170.00-16.60-7.141E-03-7.361E-03490.003.113E-03-0.185.073E-0349100.003.113E-03-0.155.073E-0349100.00-3.113E-030.15-4.620E-0349200.00-3.113E-030.18-4.620E-03500.00-3.091E-03-0.25-1.280E-0350100.00-3.091E-03-0.22-1.280E-0350100.003.091E-030.221.715E-0350200.003.091E-030.251.715E-03510.001.847E-02-0.25-6.996E-0351100.001.847E-02-0.22-6.996E-0351100.00-1.297E-020.295.302E-0351200.00-1.297E-020.315.302E-03520.001.644E-02-0.256.554E-0352100.001.644E-02-0.226.554E-0352100.00-1.099E-020.29-5.726E-0352200.00-1.099E-020.31-5.726E-03530.000.58-2.487E-021.628E-0453200.000.582.706E-021.628E-04540.000.51-2.703E-021.625E-0454200.000.512.491E-021.625E-04550.000.55-2.553E-02-5.903E-0555200.000.552.640E-02-5.903E-05560.000.55-2.757E-02-2.627E-0456200.000.552.436E-02-2.627E-04570.002.570E-032.581E-03-4.941E-0357100.002.570E-032.855E-02-4.941E-0357100.00-3.516E-03-2.557E-025.319E-0357200.00-3.516E-033.946E-045.319E-03580.00-3.672E-03-1.493E-045.787E-0358100.00-3.672E-032.582E-025.787E-0358100.002.468E-03-2.885E-02-5.396E-0358200.002.468E-03-2.880E-03-5.396E-03590.002.898E-032.112E-034.267E-0359100.002.898E-032.808E-024.267E-0359100.00-4.504E-03-2.468E-02-4.782E-0359200.00-4.504E-031.286E-03-4.782E-03600.00-3.289E-03-9.229E-04-4.626E-0360100.00-3.289E-032.504E-02-4.626E-0360100.001.694E-03-2.778E-024.405E-0360200.001.694E-03-1.814E-034.405E-03610.000.28-2.355E-028.518E-0561200.000.282.839E-028.518E-05620.000.28-2.839E-028.519E-0562200.000.282.355E-028.519E-05630.000.28-2.356E-02-8.590E-0563200.000.282.837E-02-8.590E-05640.000.28-2.839E-02-8.464E-0564200.000.282.354E-02-8.464E-05810.00-12.365.230E-024.239E-038198.62-12.386.528E-024.239E-0381197.23-12.407.827E-024.239E-03820.00-12.38-7.681E-02-6.073E-038298.62-12.36-6.383E-02-6.073E-0382197.23-12.34-5.085E-02-6.073E-03830.00-12.345.080E-026.049E-038398.62-12.366.378E-026.049E-0383197.23-12.387.677E-026.049E-03840.00-12.40-7.830E-02-4.234E-038498.62-12.38-6.532E-02-4.234E-0384197.23-12.36-5.234E-02-4.234E-03850.00-12.355.226E-024.191E-038598.62-12.386.525E-024.191E-0385197.23-12.407.823E-024.191E-03860.00-12.38-7.678E-02-6.031E-038698.62-12.36-6.379E-02-6.031E-0386197.23-12.34-5.081E-02-6.031E-03870.00-12.345.088E-026.075E-038798.62-12.366.386E-026.075E-0387197.23-12.387.685E-026.075E-03880.00-12.40-7.822E-02-4.206E-038898.62-12.38-6.524E-02-4.206E-0388197.23-12.36-5.226E-02-4.206E-03890.00-11.036.351E-02-5.975E-038994.34-11.057.650E-02-5.975E-0389188.68-11.078.948E-02-5.975E-03900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