国际经济学试题答案

国际经济学选择题汇总版（附答案）Ch1-Ch31.TheUnitedStatesislessdependentontradethanmostothercountriesbecauseA)theUnitedStatesisarelativelylargecountrywithdiverseresources.B)theUnitedStatesisa“Superpower.”C)themilitarypoweroftheUnitedStatesmakesitlessdependentonanything.D)theUnitedStatesinvestsinmanyothercountries.E)manycountriesinvestintheUnitedStates.2.BecausetheConstitutionforbidsrestraintsoninterstatetrade,A)theU.S.maynotimposetariffsonimportsfromNAFTAcountries.B)theU.S.maynotaffecttheinternationalvalueofthe$U.S.C)theU.S.maynotputrestraintsonforeigninvestmentsinCaliforniaifitinvolvesafinancialintermediaryinNewYorkState.D)theU.S.maynotimposeexportduties.E)theU.S.maynotdisruptcommercebetweenFloridaandHawaii.3.Internationaleconomicscanbedividedintotwobroadsub-fieldsA)macroandmicro.B)developedandlessdeveloped.C)monetaryandbarter.D)internationaltradeandinternationalmoney.E)staticanddynamic.4.InternationalmonetaryanalysisfocusesonA)therealsideoftheinternationaleconomy.B)theinternationaltradesideoftheinternationaleconomy.C)theinternationalinvestmentsideoftheinternationaleconomy.D)theissuesofinternationalcooperationbetweenCentralBanks.E)themonetarysideoftheinternationaleconomy,suchascurrencyexchange.5.ThegravitymodeloffersalogicalexplanationforthefactthatA)tradebetweenAsiaandtheU.S.hasgrownfasterthanNAFTAtrade.B)tradeinserviceshasgrownfasterthantradeingoods.C)tradeinmanufactureshasgrownfasterthaninagriculturalproducts.D)Intra-EuropeanUniontradeexceedsinternationaltradebytheEuropeanUnion.E)theU.S.tradesmorewithWesternEuropethanitdoeswithCanada.6.ThegravitymodelexplainswhyA)tradebetweenSwedenandGermanyexceedsthatbetweenSwedenandSpain.B)countrieswithoilreservestendtoexportoil.C)capitalrichcountriesexportcapitalintensiveproducts.D)intra-industrytradeisrelativelymoreimportantthanotherformsoftradebetweenneighboringcountries.E)Europeancountriesrelymostoftenonnaturalresources.7.Whydoesthegravitymodelwork?A)Largeeconomiesbecamelargebecausetheywereengagedininternationaltrade.B)Largeeconomieshaverelativelylargeincomes,andhencespendmoreongovernmentpromotionoftradeandinvestment.C)Largeeconomieshaverelativelylargerareaswhichraisestheprobabilitythataproductiveactivitywilltakeplacewithinthebordersofthatcountry.D)Largeeconomiestendtohavelargeincomesandtendtospendmoreonimports.E)Largeeconomiestendtoavoidtradingwithsmalleconomies.8.WeseethattheNetherlands,Belgium,andIrelandtradeconsiderablymorewiththeUnitedStatesthanwithmanyothercountries.A)Thisisexplainedbythegravitymodel,sincethesearealllargecountries.B)Thisisexplainedbythegravitymodel,sincetheseareallsmallcountries.C)Thisfailstobeconsistentwiththegravitymodel,sincethesearesmallcountries.D)Thisfailstobeconsistentwiththegravitymodel,sincethesearelargecountries.E)Thisisexplainedbythegravitymodel,sincetheydonotshareborders.9.Inthepresent,mostoftheexportsfromChinaareA)manufacturedgoods.B)services.C)primaryproductsincludingagricultural.D)technologyintensiveproducts.E)overpricedbyworldmarketstandards.10.AcountryengagingintradeaccordingtotheprinciplesofcomparativeadvantagegainsfromtradebecauseitA)isproducingexportsindirectlymoreefficientlythanitcouldalternatively.B)isproducingimportsindirectlymoreefficientlythanitcoulddomestically.C)isproducingexportsusingfewerlaborunits.D)isproducingimportsindirectlyusingfewerlaborunits.E)isproducingexportswhileoutsourcingservices.11.TheRicardianmodelattributesthegainsfromtradeassociatedwiththeprincipleofcomparativeadvantageresulttoA)differencesintechnology.B)differencesinpreferences.C)differencesinlaborproductivity.D)differencesinresources.E)gravityrelationshipsamongcountries.12.AnationengagingintradeaccordingtotheRicardianmodelwillfinditsconsumptionbundleA)insideitsproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.B)onitsproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.C)outsideitsproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.D)insideitstrade-partnersproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.E)onitstrade-partnersproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.13.AssumethatlaboristheonlyfactorofproductionandthatwagesintheUnitedStatesequal$20perhourwhilewagesinJapanare$10perhour.ProductioncostswouldbelowerintheUnitedStatesascomparedtoJapanifA)U.S.laborproductivityequaled40unitsperhourandJapans15unitsperhour.B)U.S.laborproductivityequaled30unitsperhourandJapans20unitsperhour.C)U.S.laborproductivityequaled20unitsperhourandJapans30unitsperhour.D)U.S.laborproductivityequaled15unitsperhourandJapans25unitsperhour.E)U.S.laborproductivityequaled15unitsperhourandJapans40unitsperhour.14.Inatwo-country,two-productworld,thestatement“GermanyenjoysacomparativeadvantageoverFranceinautosrelativetoships”isequivalenttoA)FrancehavingacomparativeadvantageoverGermanyinships.B)FrancehavingacomparativedisadvantagecomparedtoGermanyinautosandships.C)GermanyhavingacomparativeadvantageoverFranceinautosandships.D)FrancehavingnocomparativeadvantageoverGermany.E)Franceshouldproduceautos.15.IftheUnitedStatesproductionpossibilityfrontierwasflattertothewidgetaxis,whereasGermanyswasflattertothebutteraxis,weknowthatA)theUnitedStateshasnocomparativeadvantageB)Germanyhasacomparativeadvantageinbutter.C)theU.S.hasacomparativeadvantageinbutter.D)Germanyhascomparativeadvantagesinbothproducts.E)theU.S.hasacomparativedisadvantageinwidgets.Ch4-Ch51.TheRicardianmodelofinternationaltradedemonstratesthattradecanbemutuallybeneficial.Why,then,dogovernmentsrestrictimportsofsomegoods?A)Tradecanhavesubstantialeffectsonacountrysdistributionofincome.B)TheRicardianmodelisoftenincorrectinitspredictionthattradecanbemutuallybeneficial.C)Importrestrictionsaretheresultoftradewarsbetweenhostilecountries.D)Importsareonlyrestrictedwhenforeign-madegoodsdonotmeetdomesticstandardsofqualityE)Restrictionsonimportsareintendedtobenefitdomesticconsumers.2.JapanstradepolicieswithregardtoricereflectthefactthatA)japanesericefarmershavesignificantpoliticalpower.B)Japanhasacomparativeadvantageinriceproductionandthereforeexportsmostofitsricecrop.C)therewouldbenogainsfromtradeavailabletoJapanifitengagedinfreetradeinrice.D)therearegainsfromtradethatJapancapturesbyengaginginfreetradeinrice.E)Japanimportsmostofthericeconsumedinthecountry.3.Inthespecificfactorsmodel,whichofthefollowingistreatedasaspecificfactor?A)LaborB)LandC)ClothD)FoodE)Technology4.Thespecificfactorsmodelassumesthatthereare_goodsand_factor(s)ofproduction.A)two;threeB)two;twoC)two;oneD)three;twoE)four;three5.Theslopeofacountrysproductionpossibilityfrontierwithclothmeasuredonthehorizontalandfoodmeasuredontheverticalaxisinthespecificfactorsmodelisequalto_andit_asmoreclothisproduced.A)-MPLF/MPLC;becomessteeperB)-MPLF/MPLC;becomesflatterC)-MPLF/MPLC;isconstantD)-MPLC/MPLF;becomessteeperE)-MPLC/MPLF;isconstant6.Underperfectcompetition,theequilibriumpriceoflaborusedtoproduceclothwillbeequaltoA)theslopeoftheproductionpossibilityfrontier.B)theaverageproductoflaborintheproductionofclothtimesthepriceofcloth.C)theratioofthemarginalproductoflaborintheproductionofclothtothemarginalproductoflaborintheproductionoffoodtimestheratioofthepriceofcloth.tothepriceoffood.D)themarginalproductoflaborintheproductionofclothtimesthepriceofcloth.E)thepriceofclothdividedbythemarginalproductoflaborintheproductionofcloth.7.Inthespecificfactorsmodel,whichofthefollowingwillincreasethequantityoflaborusedinclothproduction?A)anincreaseinthepriceofclothrelativetothatoffoodB)anincreaseinthepriceoffoodrelativetothatofclothC)adecreaseinthepriceoflaborD)anequalpercentagedecreaseinthepriceoffoodandclothE)anequalpercentageincreaseinthepriceoffoodandcloth8.AcountrythatdoesnotengageintradecanbenefitfromtradeonlyifA)ithasanabsoluteadvantageinatleastonegood.B)itemploysauniquetechnology.C)pre-tradeandfree-traderelativepricesarenotidentical.D)itswagerateisbelowtheworldaverage.E)pre-tradeandfree-traderelativepricesareidentical.9.Inthespecificfactorsmodel,theeffectsoftradeonwelfareare_formobilefactors,_forfixedfactorsusedtoproducetheexportedgood,and_forfixedfactorsusedtoproducetheimportedgood.A)ambiguous;positive;negativeB)ambiguous;negative;positiveC)positive;ambiguous;ambiguousD)negative;ambiguous;ambiguousE)positive;positive;positive10.Theeffectoftradeonspecializedemployeesofimport-competingindustrieswillbe_jobsand_paybecausetheyarerelatively_.A)fewer;lower;mobileB)fewer;lower;immobileC)more;lower;immobileD)more;higher;mobileE)more;higher;immobile11.ThereisabiasinthepoliticalprocessagainstfreetradebecauseA)thereisahighcorrelationbetweenthevolumeofimportsandtheunemploymentrate.B)thegainsfromfreetradecannotbemeasured.C)thosewhogainfromfreetradecantcompensatethosewholose.D)foreigngovernmentsmakelargedonationstoU.S.politicalcampaigns.E)thosewholosefromfreetradearebetterorganizedthanthosewhogain.12.Inthe2-factor,2goodHeckscher-Ohlinmodel,thetwocountriesdifferinA)tastesandpreferences.B)militarycapabilities.C)thesizeoftheireconomies.D)relativeabundanceoffactorsofproduction.E)laborproductivities.13.IfacountryproducesgoodY(measuredontheverticalaxis)andgoodX(measuredonthehorizontalaxis),thentheabsolutevalueoftheslopeofitsproductionpossibilityfrontierisequaltoA)theopportunitycostofgoodX.B)thepriceofgoodXdividedbythepriceofgoodY.C)thepriceofgoodXdividedbythepriceofgoodY.D)theopportunitycostofgoodY.E)thecostofcapital(assumingthatgoodYiscapitalintensive)dividedbythecostoflabor.14.Inthe2-factor,2goodHeckscher-Ohlinmodel,tradewill_theownersofacountrys_factorandwill_thegoodthatusesthatfactorintensively.A)benefit;abundant;exportB)harm;abundant;importC)benefit;scarce;exportD)benefit;scarce;importE)harm;scarce;export15.TheassumptionofdiminishingreturnsintheHeckscher-Ohlinmodelmeansthat,unlikeintheRicardianmodel,itislikelythatA)countrieswillconsumeoutsidetheirproductionpossibilityfrontier.B)countrieswillbenefitfromfreeinternationaltrade.C)countrieswillnotbefullyspecializedinoneproduct.D)comparativeadvantagewillnotdeterminethedirectionoftrade.E)globalproductionwilldecreaseundertrade.16.IfJapanisrelativelycapitalrichandtheUnitedStatesisrelativelylandrich,andiffoodisrelativelylandintensivethentradebetweenthesetwo,formerlyautarkiccountrieswillresultinA)anincreaseintherelativepriceoffoodintheU.S.B)anincreaseintherelativepriceoffoodinJapan.C)aglobalincreaseintherelativepriceoffood.D)adecreaseintherelativepriceoffoodinbothcountries.E)anincreaseintherelativepriceoffoodinbothcountries.17.Startingfromanautarky(no-trade)situationwithHeckscher-Ohlinmodel,ifCountryHisrelativelylaborabundant,thenoncetradebeginsA)rentwillbeunchangedbutwageswillriseinH.B)wagesandrentsshouldriseinH.C)wagesandrentsshouldfallinH.D)wagesshouldfallandrentsshouldriseinH.E)wagesshouldriseandrentsshouldfallinH.18.TheLeontieffParadoxA)failedtosupportthevalidityoftheHeckscher-Ohlinmodel.B)supportedthevalidityoftheRicardiantheoryofcomparativeadvantage.C)supportedthevalidityoftheHeckscher-Ohlinmodel.D)failedtosupportthevalidityoftheRicardiantheory.E)provedthattheU.S.economyisdifferentfromallothers.19.WhichofthefollowingisanassertionoftheHeckscher-Ohlinmodel?A)Factorpriceequalizationwilloccuronlyifthereiscostlessmobilityofallfactorsacrossborders.B)Anincreaseinacountryslaborsupplywillincreaseproductionofboththecapital-intensiveandthelabor-intensivegood.C)Inthelong-run,laborismobileandcapitalisnot.D)Thewage-rentalratiodeterminesthecapital-laborratioinacountrysindustries.E)Factorendowmentsdeterminethetechnologythatisavailabletoacountry,whichdeterminesthegoodinwhichthecountrywillhaveacomparativeadvantage.20.WhichofthefollowingisanassertionoftheHeckscher-Ohlinmodel?A)Anincreaseinacountryslaborsupplywillincreaseproductionofthelabor-intensivegoodanddecreaseproductionofthecapital-intensivegood.B)Anincreaseinacountryslaborsupplywillincreaseproductionofboththecapital-intensiveandthelabor-intensivegood.C)Inthelong-run,laborismobileandcapitalisnot.D)Factorpriceequalizationwilloccuronlyifthereiscostlessmobilityofallfactorsacrossborders.E)Factorendowmentsdeterminethetechnologythatisavailabletoacountry,whichdeterminesthegoodinwhichthecountrywillhaveacomparativeadvantage.Ch6-Ch101.Iftheratioofpriceofcloth(PC)dividedbythepriceoffood(PF)increasesintheinternationalmarketplace,thenA)thetermsoftradeofclothexporterswillimprove.B)allcountrieswouldbebetteroff.C)thetermsoftradeoffoodexporterswillimprove.D)thetermsoftradeofallcountrieswillimprove.E)thetermsoftradeofclothexporterswillworsen.2.Iftheratioofpriceofcloth(PC)dividedbythepriceoffood(PF)increasesintheinternationalmarketplace,thenA)worldrelativequantityofclothsuppliedwillincrease.B)worldrelativequantityofclothsuppliedanddemandedwillincrease.C)worldrelativequantityofclothsuppliedanddemandedwilldecrease.D)worldrelativequantityofclothdemandedwilldecrease.E)worldrelativequantityoffoodwillincrease.3.IftheU.S.(alargecountry)imposesatariffonitsimportedgood,thiswilltendtoA)havenoeffectontermsoftrade.B)improvethetermsoftradeoftheUnitedStates.C)improvethetermsoftradeofallcountries.D)becauseadeteriorationofU.S.termsoftrade.E)raisetheworldpriceofthegoodimportedbytheUnitedStates.4.IfSloveniawerealargecountryinworldtrade,thenifitinstitutedalargesetofsubsidiesforitsexports,thismustA)decreaseitsmarginalpropensitytoconsume.B)havenoeffectonitstermsoftrade.C)improveitstermsoftrade.D)harmitstermsoftrade.E)harmworldtermsoftrade.5.InternaleconomiesofscalearisewhenthecostperunitA)fallsastheaveragefirmgrowslarger.B)risesastheindustrygrowslarger.C)fallsastheindustrygrowslarger.D)risesastheaveragefirmgrowslarger.E)remainsconstantoverabroadrangeofoutput.6.Externaleconomiesofscalewill_averagecostwhenoutputis_by_.A)reduce;increased;theindustryB)reduce;increased;afirmC)increase;increased;afirmD)increase;increased;theindustryE)reduce;reduce;theindustry7.Ifsomeindustriesexhibitinternalincreasingreturnstoscaleineachcountry,weshouldnotexpecttoseeA)perfectcompetitionintheseindustries.B)intra-industrytradebetweencountries.C)inter-industrytradebetweencountries.D)highlevelsofspecializationinbothcountries.E)increasedproductivityinbothcountries.8.Alearningcurverelates_to_andisacaseof_returns.A)unitcost;cumulativeproduction;dynamicdecreasingreturnsB)outputpertimeperiod;long-runmarginalcost;dynamicincreasingreturnsC)unitcost;cumulativeproduction;dynamicincreasingreturnsD)outputpertimeperiod;long-runmarginalcost;dynamicdecreasingreturnsE)laborproductivity;education;increasingmarginalreturns9.Patternsofinterregionaltradeareprimarilydeterminedby_ratherthan_becausefactorsofproduction