复习题(英语国家社会与文化)(1)

英语国家社会与文化试题1 Which of the following is NOT true about the characteristics of Britain?BA. Economic differences between north and southB. Differences of social systems between Scotland and Wales.C. Class differences between a white-collar worker and a blue-collar worker.D. Cultural differences between immigrants and the British.2. Which of the following is NOT true about Britain?DA. It used to be a powerful imperial country in the world.B. It plays an active role as a member of European Union.C. It is a relatively wealthy and developed country.D. It used to be one of the superpowers in the world.3. Three of the following are characteristics of London. Which of the four is the exception?CA. London is a political, economic and cultural centre of the country.B .London has a larger population than all other cities in England.C. London is not only the largest city in Britain, but also the largest in the world.D. London has played a significant role in the economic construction of the country.4. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of British government?A. It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.B. It is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.C. It is the oldest representative democracy in the world.D. It had no written form of Constitution.5. Which of the following is NOT related to the Constitution?A. It is a written document which lists out the basic principles for government.B. It is the foundation of British governance today.C. Conventions and Laws passed by Parliament are part of the Constitution.D. The common laws are part of the Constitution.6. Which of the following statements is NOT correct?A. There are no legal restraints upon parliament.B. Strictly speaking, the Queen is part of the parliament.C. parliament has the supreme power of passing laws.D. parliament has no power to change the terms of the Constitution.7. Which of the following is NOT a true description of the Queens role?A. The Queen selects the prime Minister and the Cabinet.B. The Queen symbolizes the tradition and unity of the British state.C. The Queen acts as a confidante to the prime Minister.D. The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.8. Which of the following about the House of Lords is NOT true?A. Lords do not receive salaries and many do not attend Parliament sittingsB. it consists of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords TemporalC. the lords are expected to represent the interests of the public.D. Most of the lords in the House of Lords are males.9. Which of the following books is written by Geoffrey Chaucer?A. The Canterbury Tales.B. Beowulf.C. King Lear.D. Morite DAthur.10. Which of the following did NOT belong to Romanticism?A. Keats B. Shelley.C. Wordsworth.D. Defoe11. Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare?A. Dr. Faustus B. Macbeth. C. Frankerstein.D. The Tempest12. Which of the following writers was NOT associated with Modernism?A. D.H. LawrenceB. E.M. ForsterC. Charles DickensD. Virginia Woolf13. Which of the following writers wrote the book 1984 that began “postmodernism” in British literature?A. George OrwellB. Rogert L. StevensonC. D.H.LawreceD. Virginia Woolf14. In Britain, the great majority of parents send their children to_A. private schoolsB. independent schoolsC. state schoolsD. public schools15. If a student wants to go to university in Britain, he will take the examination called_A. General Certificate of Education-AdvancedB. General Certificate of Secondary EducationC. the common entrance examinationD. General National Vocational Qualifications16. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Open University?A. Its open to everybodyB. It requires no formal educational qualificationsC. No university degree is awardedD. University courses are followed through TV, radio, correspondence, etc.17. In the examination called “the 11 plus”, students with academic potential go to_A. grammar schoolsB. comprehensive schoolsC. public schoolsD. technical schools18. Which of the following is NOT true about the British education system?A. Its run by the stateB. Its funded by the stateC. Its supervised by the stateD. Its dominated by the state.19. Which one of the following is NOT particularly British Christmas tradition?A. enjoying the PantomimeB. The Queen broadcasting her Christmas messageC. Eating chocolate EggsD. Shopping on the Boxing Day20. Which celebration particularly happens on the Queens birthday?A. Bonfires. B. the orange March C. Trooping the color D. Masquerades21. On which day is Halloween celebrated?A. October 31st B. November 5th C. March 17th D. December 25th22. Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution?A. The American had the mixed blood of Europeans or their descendantsB. The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with American Indians.C. The American had the blood of the English and their descendants onlyD.The American had the blood of the English and descendants only.23. Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development of Europe?A. The growth of capitalism.B. The Renaissance.C.The religious reformationD. The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church.24. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of_.A. the settlers of Virginia B. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution25. Which of the following statements is NOT correct? When the War of Independence was over,A. Each new state had its own government.B. Each new state made its own laws and handed all of its internal affairsC. The national government was called the Congress with little powerD. The relationships between the states and the national government were clearly defined26. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes?A. The executive B. The legislative C. The Judicial. D. The president27. Which of the following is NOT a power of the president?A. The president can veto any bill passed by CongressB. The president has the authority to appoint federal judges when vacancies occurC. The president can make laws.D. The president has broad powers, with the executive branch, to issue regulations and directives regarding the word of the federal departments.28. The bill of rights consists of _.A. 10 very short paragraphs in an amendmentB. 10 amendments adopted in 1787C. 10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791D. the amendments concerning the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press and the freedom of religion29. The New Deal was started by_.A. Franklin Roosevelt B. J.F. Kennedy C. George Washington D. Thomas Jefferson30. Which of the following was NOT a Protestant denomination?A. The Baptists B. The Catholics C. The Methodists D. The Presbyterians31. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the three basic religious beliefs?A. Protestant B. Catholic C. Islamic D. Judaism32. In the US, people go the church mainly for the following reasons except for_.A. finding a job in society B. having a place in a community C. identifying themselves with dominant values D. getting together with friends33. Mark Twains works are characterized by the following except_.A. sense of humor B. egotism C. jokes D. tall tales34. Three of the following authors are Nobel Prize winners. Which one is NOT?A. Ernest Hemingway B. Eugene ONeill C. William Faulkner D. F. Scott Fitzgerald35. Which of the following is considered an American masterpiece? A. The Last of the Mohicans. B. the Legend of the Sleepy Hollow C. The Masque of the Red Death D, Moby Dick36. Which of the following subjects are NOT offered to elementary school students?A. Maths and languages B. Politics and business education C. Science and social studies D. Music and physical education37. In the US school systems, which of the following divisions is true?a. Elementary school, grammar school B. Elementary school, secondary school C. Elementary school, junior high school D. Junior high school, senior high school38. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in American higher education?A. Universities and colleges B. Research institutions C. Technical institutions D. Undergraduate institutions39. Three of the following factors have contributed to the flourishing of large universities in America, which if the exception?A. Large universities offer the best libraries and facilities for scientific research.B. Large universities provide students with “mainframe” computers.C. Large universities offer scholarships to all students.D. Large universities attract students with modern labs.40. In order to go to university, secondary school students must meet the following requirements except that_.A. they have high school records and recommendations from their teachers B. they make good impressions during the interviews C. they get good scores in the Scholastic Aptitude TestsD. they pass the college entrance examinations.41. Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?A. Separation of state and churchB. Respect of education.C. Intolerant moralismD. A sense of mission42. Which of the following statements is NOT true about blacks after the 1960s?A. Blacks felt that they could be fully integrated into the mainstream of American life.B. Blacks felt that the black community ought to coexist with other groupsC. Blacks felt more and more proud of themselves.D. Blacks felt that “black is beautiful.”43. The main factor contributing to the widening income gap between blacks and whites I the 1970s was _.A. more white workers moved into high-paying jobsB. blacks had low positions and low pay in the workplace hierarchy C. there were more children in black familiesD. white people had increased their authority over others44. The following were the main reformation leaders except _A. Martin Luther B. Martin Luther King C. John Calvin D. The English king Henry VIII45. Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights?A. The freedom of religionB. The freedom of searching a persons home by police.C. The freedom of speech and of the pressD. The right to own weapons if one wishes46. Which of the following statements is NOT correct according to the author?A. American mainstream culture is based on Protestantism B. Protestant Church is an established church by law in the USC. the Catholic Church is the largest single religious group in the USD. the largest church is of the Protestant faith in the US.47._ was NOT written by Hemingway.A. Light in August B. The Sun Also Rises C. A Farewell to Arms D. For Whom the Bell Tolls48. Both public and private universities depend on the following sources of income except _.A. investment B. student tuition C. endowments D. government funding 49. Which group of people cannot vote in the general election?A. Members in the House of Commons.B. Lords in the House of LordsC. The UK citizens above the age of 18D. The UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic50. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the hereditary aristocracy in the UK?A. The noble titles can be inherited by the childrenB. They usually own historic houses in the country C. They are the richest people in the UK. D. The senior members can be lords in the House of Lords.II . Tell what you know about the following in your own words:1. Puritanism2. The Declaration of Independence3. The executive 4. The Bill of Rights5. Religious diversity6. The functions of Parliament 7. The House of Commons8. Class system in British society9. A federal system10. The “lost Generation”III. Answer the following questions:1. What is the goal of education in the US? Discuss the similarities and differences in Great Britain, the United States and China concerning the goals of education.2. How does the British education system reflect social class?3. What are some of the features in religion that are particularly American? What are some of the major differences between American religion and religion in Europe? 4. What are the three big parties in the UK? What are some of the similarities and dissimilarities between the three parties?5. What are the two major parties in the US? Do you think they are fundamentally different?KeyI. 1-5: BDCAA;6-10: DACAD 11-15: BCACC 16-20: CADCC 21-25: AADDD;26-30: BCCAB: 31-35: CABDD; 36-40: BCBCD; 41-45: AABBB46-50: BAABCII1. Puritans were those who followed the doctrine of John Calvin and wanted to purify the Church of England. They believe that human beings were predestined by God before they were born. Some were Gods chosen people others were damned to hell. no church nor good works could save people. They also argued that everyone must read the Bible in order to find Gods will and establish a direct contact with God. These beliefs had great impact on American culture.2. The declaration of independence was mainly drafted by Thomas Jefferson and adopted by the Congress on July 4, 1776, when the people of 13 English colonies in North America were fighting for their freedom and independence from the British colonial rule. The document declared that all men were equal and that they were entitled some unalienable rights.3. The chief executive is the president, who is elected to a four-year term. The president can propose legislation to Congress. He can veto any bill passed by Congress. The veto can be overridden by a two-thirds vote in both housed. The president can appoint federal judges as vacancies occur. He is the commander in chief of the armed forces. The president has other broad authorities in running the government departments and handling foreign relations.4. The bill of rights consists of the first 10 amendments which were added to the constitution in 1791. It was passed to guarantee freedom and individual rights such as freedom of speech, the rights to assemble in public places, the right to own weapons and so on.5. Frontier America made the United States a fertile ground for the growth of new religious movement. Many religious communities and secular utopias, experiments in new forms of social living, were founded in 18th and 19th century America. Many small sects and cults appear in American society all the time. They have certain tendencies in common. They regard the larger society as hopeless