大一下学期课本英语词汇汇总——win 版

Unit 3Vocabulary1.1)Itll only be a _visit ,because we recently havent much time.2)The job is great_advancement but the starting salary is rather low.3)Wed better pay that electricity bill before they _us_.4)As pace of life quickens things _to change fast in the city.5)Why dont we get rid of these old chairs,since we dont use them_?6)The earths atmosphere makes_observation of distant stars difficult.7)The lawn was laid out_the figure 8. 8)I shouldnt always have to tell you what to do,use your own _.9)Words cannot _how grateful we are for his timely help.10)It seems to me that the board of directors is_over the opening of a branch office in South Africa.11)I find it difficult to grasp the _of infinite space.12)Philip presented a complex argument that was completely beyond my_.3.1)The films appeal_not only the entertainment it provides to the audience but also the questions it raises about the possible_human beings and alien civilizations.(contact,lie in)2)The decision on the new project is made on the_scientific study.The project _to succeed despite the fact that we do not have_funds_.(at the moment,basis,sufficient,likely)3)True it is hard to make accurate predictions,but_growth of the information industry_that this line of growth of the information industry _that this line of products_profitable.(highly,steady,ensure)Comprehensive Exercises: Do we have the right attitude towards science?Hawking suggests that many people are _ (1) distrustful of it. This might change if the public were better informed. But how can we_bring _（2)？It is _(3)that schools are important, especially if science is taught in an interesting manner.But science is changing at such a fast_(4) that what we learn in school is no longer _(5) to last a lifetime. What can we use to _(6) news of the latest ideas and developments? Popular science books can help, but the _(7)of the population that read them is not very large. _ (8) we need to rely on television, for only television can _(9) the message reaches a sufficiently large audience. Science is interesting and exciting. Why? Science helps you_(1) the world in which you live. For example, science explains how airplanes fly and how birds find their way when they_(2) long distances. Besides, people use science to make discoveries that have_ (3) value. One of these discoveries is the_ (4) of light to carry telephone messages through a glass wire._ (5) is the lengthening of human life through the use of heart pacemakers （心脏起搏器）and other mechanical devices(器械).In the future, there will_ (6) be an endless number of new discoveries. These discoveries will _ (7) your career and your daily life. Television, computers, and space shuttles are part of todays world. Who can imagine what new, yet-to-be-discovered _ (8) lie ahead? In the future, scientists may discover how to predict earthquakes and how to produce an endless_ (9) of energy._10) you may live and work in a space station in orbit around the earth. Scientists will continue to make dioveries that will change the world in which you live. Unit 6Vocabulary1.1) The former lake bed is now a _plain producing good crops of wheat.2) Aunt Pats rough, red hands _ a life of hard physical labor.3)If you are living_，you may not have to pay tax in your own country.4) Helen is pretty, of_ build, with blue eyes.5) We _ the boards down the middle to use them for the back of the shelves.6) Only the hope that the rescuers were getting nearer _the trapped miners.7) The _of the setting sun reddened the stream.8) The kidnappers (绑架者)_the boy into the car and drove off.9 )It is common knowledge that dogs have a _ sense of smell.10) The unusually cold winter caused many plants to _late this year.11) Training is provided, so no _experience is required for the job.12) We can go to the seven oclock performance or the eight一_ suits you best.3.1) During the 1880s, several black colleges were founded in the U.S._educational opportunities for black students and help them _in the world.(broaden, make onesway)2) The food at this hotel _me. Why not dine at the restaurant across the street? Well, we havent reserved a table, but well _its not being full.”(take a chance,disgust)3) About 15,000 artists participated in_opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympics, which left 91,000 spectators from China_ mesmerized (着迷).The event,directed by Chinese filmmaker Zhang Yimou,_Chinas rich history and cultural heritage.(overseas,reflect,grand)Comprehensive Exercises: I had no difficulty in_ (1) him, standing there with the book_ (2) firmly in one hand. A book had seemed the natural choice, as it had been those notes in the _ (3) of another that had brought us together in the first place. He was right on time,just as we had scheduled. I liked that. It seemed to fit well with everything I had discovered from_(4) with him while he was _(5).Now here he was in the flesh, looking_(6) handsome as he stood there in his uniform. I almost _ (7) to put him to the test, but it was too late to change my mind and I was _ （8) to the lady for agreeing to help. I_(9) past him and didnt wait to see his response to her. So here I am in the restaurant,waiting to see whether I am going to have dinner on my own or not.Will he end up_(10) after all? So Raymond found himself unpacking his bag in a London hotel before he had decided on his approach（接近的途径）to Jenny. He _ (1) thought of the telephone, but he knew that wouldnt do. Jenny believed that he was dead. He couldnt just_(2)up and say he wasnt._(3) could he just ring her doorbell and be standing there on the mat. She would think she was seeing things（眼花了). A hot bath and a change of clothes did not bring any revelations （启示），either. He sat down at the writing desk and began a letter to her 一tore it up and began_(4) 一and tore that up.He._(5) down the pen and went out into the early October dusk of London, _(6) avoiding the address where Jenny was living. He was unaccustomed to dilemmas(两难境界)like this which could not be _ (7) out in a decent length of time, and he was getting angry with_ (8). Moodily he turned into a cheerful-looking_(9) and had a lonely meal, aware that he might have Jennys happy face across the table 一he was wasting time 一but after so many years, did a few more hours_10)? Unit 7Vocabulary1.1)The financial （财政的）help they got from the local government didnt _ toward solving the problem.2) Their retail (零售)business in Asia _ rapidly since the early 1990s.3) _world peace, we must promote（增进）mutual understanding among nations with different social systems.4) I thought it was still early, yet I got to the library_find it closed.5) On the train l_an old lady who happened to be a neighbor of my daughters when she lived in Los Angeles.6) Our company_.with several American companies for the past few years in joint ventures.7) Phil looked around at the other competitors(竞争对手)and_ his chances of winning.8) The police believed that the reason they failed to find anything suspicious in that guys bag was that members of the gang（一伙歹徒）_bags at the airport.9) Our visit to the Far East has certainly broadened our_.10) Emily felt increasingly uncomfortable under the womans steady _.11) Everything was going smoothly until suddenly the_struck.12) Smallpox （天花），which used to be a severe epidemic（流行性的）disease, has been completely_.3.1)Scientists _various kinds of _research projects_ animal intelligence， but they still cant reach an agreement on whether it exists or not. (explore, original,undertake）2) Lots of _us that the lost ancient tunnel (地道)must have run right_the city,_the seashore. （extend,convince,evidence,underneath3) We should try _a win-win solution when resolving issues we _ in foreign trade. First we need _ what caused the problems. Then we should proceed to _ways of solving them that are beneficial to both sides. (encounter, figure out, explore, negotiate)Comprehensive Exercises: Interviewer: You mention the case of one whale helping to save another in an _(1). What does this suggest?Linden: Well, it seems to me that this is clearly_(2)of_(3) thought. Here we see an animal _(4) a situation and then taking appropriate action in cooperation with humans.Interviewer: And when Jendry_(5) with Colo, what does that_(6)?Linden: It shows that some animals, gorillas at least, are intelligent enough to bargain, to _(7).Interviewer: Then there is the case of Miles and Chantek. Linden:Oh,yes.We like to think of ourselves as the _(8)species, but that doesnt mean animals cant sometimes play tricks on us when its _(9)！Interviewer: Like Melati_(10)Shewman?Linden: Exactly.Interviewer: So would you say your approach to the problem settles the _（11)over animal intelligence？Linden: Thats not an easy_(12) to make, but it does,I think, open up interesting new paths to_(13).Behavior is the way that animals act. For example, how do they get food or take care of their young? How do they find a place to live in or_(1) themselves from danger? Much behavior is innate; that is, animals are born with it._(2), animals learn much other behavior. There are several kinds of learned behavior.One simple _(3) of learned behavior is habituation.This happens when an animal learns to feel comfortable in a new _(4) and doesnt pay attention to it anymore. For example, young horses are often afraid of noisy streets. But after a while, they learn to pay no attention to the normal _(5)and sounds of a city. Another kind of learned behavior is conditioning. It is a way of learning by association 一that is, by putting_ (6)different ideas. In 1900, Ivan Pavlov, a Russian biologist, studied conditioning in dogs. Dogs innately salivate (produce liquid in the mouth) when they smell food. Pavlov_(7) a bell every time he gave food to a dog. Soon the dog started to_(8)the sound of the bell with the smell of food. After some time, it salivated when it heard a bell alone, _(9) food. Learning is important for all animals in a new_(10). It allows an animal to be adaptable 一that is, able to change in a new situation. Unit 8Vocabulary1.1) The problem of air pollution in our city is very serious because ours is a big zone of both residential and _buildings.2) Average students who work hard usually do better than clever students who are_.3) When the camera _properly,a green light comes on.4) The fundamental issue in the current debate is whether environmental led contamination cause_ impairment(受损)in children.5) The girl,_and trembling,stood in the doorway hiding from the man who had followed her.6) It is reported that no more than a _of U.S.companies have been successful in the Japanese market.7) Ive been doing the summer job for two months now.It would be a _to be able to have a day off.8) Clarence refused to comment on the state of his marriage,saying it is “a_matter.” 9) William _late and didnt get to work until ten oclock.10) We agreed before we did the deal that wed both take an equal _of the profit.11) When you look at the state of his car its a_that he wasnt killed!3.1) With the help of a bank loan, the company employed a group of skilled _workers.New_products were developed and put on the market. As a result the company solved _problems.(financial,complex,manual)2)Philip_to find it so hard to _writing in the new country. He _that he would give up his writing career and try some other job. To his delight, he _when he switched to teaching, and even had adequate money for a new car. (swear, upset, better off, make a living)3) The other day my friend John and I paid a visit to the museum of fine arts in our city. The museum had recently acquired a _of original paintings by an American woman artist._art, I turned to John and asked how her works struck him. John replied that for him, her_the restless spirit of America.(ignorant, sum up, handful)Comprehensive Exercises:1. History provides many examples of the decline of great nations.The causes are _(1), but one reason may simply be that wealthy parents tend to produce _(2)children.Never having had to struggle to_(3)hard work,they rely on the wealth_(4)by their parents and grandparents to provide t