工程管理专业英语考试重点

1、工程量清单The Bill of Quantities, a document which itemizes the quantities of materials and labor in a construction project.工程量清单是详细的列出建设项目中所需的材料量和劳动力的文件。2、业主对标书的评估Evaluation of bids by an owner may take into consideration the experience and reputation of the contractor, as a result of which awards （奖赏，授予）may not be made on a strictly low-bid basis.业主对标书的评估会考虑承包商的经验和声誉，并不是严格意义上的低价中标。、3、单价合同(Unit-Price Contract)This type of agreement is used where the type of work involved is subject to variations in quantities and it is impossible to ascertain the total amount of work when the job is started.这种类型的合同被用于所包含的内容是倾向于工程量的变更的工程，并且单价合同不可能在工程一开始就确定总的工作量。4、工程价款After the contract has been completed, the final amount paid to the contractor will be the sum of the actual quantities encountered for each class of work multiplied by the unit prices bid for that class.在工程完工之后，支付给承包商的最后工程价款是不同类别的工作实际发生的工程量之和与各自对应的工程单价的乘积。5、合同文件的组成Contract documents generally include the following:（合同文件一般包括以下内容）plans (list each plan and revision date of each plan, together with title)图纸（列出每个图纸和其具体的修改日期以及相应的标题）specifications, properly identified, a copy initialed by each party and in the possession of each party规格，各参与方的原始复印件，并且各方都存留一份。the agreement or contract 协议或文件general conditions 一般施工条件soil borings 地质勘探existing site plan 现场平面图special conditions 特殊（地质）条件original proposal (if it contains alternatives and unit prices, and these are not repeated in the contract)最初的提议（包含了在合同里没有重复出现的可供选择的和单一的价）invitation (if it contains data on completion dates or other information that is not repeated in the contract)邀请函（含了竣工日期或是在合同里没有重复出现其他的信息） addenda (if any)附录6、文件的优先次序（Priority of Documents）The documents forming the Contract are to be taken as mutually explanatory of one another. The purposes of interpretation, the priority of the documents shall be in accordance with the following sequence:构成合同的文件要认为是互相说明的。为了解释的目的，文件的优先次序如下：(a) the Contract Agreement (if any) ,合同协议书(b) the Letter of Acceptance,中标通知书 (c) the Letter of Tender,投标函 (d) the Particular Conditions,专用条件 (e) these General Conditions,本通用条件 (f) the Specification,规格说明(g) the Drawings, and图纸(h) the Schedules and any other documents forming part of the Contract. 计划和合同的其他组成文件。If any ambiguity or discrepancy is found in the documents, the Engineer shall issue any necessary clarification or instruction.如果在文件中有任何模凌两可或是有矛盾的地方，监理工程师应该给出必要的说明或指导。7、承包商使用雇主的文件(Contractors Use of Employers Documents) As between Parties, the Employer shall retain（保持） the copyright and other intellectual property rights in the Specification, the Drawings and other documents made by (or on behalf of) the Employer. The Contractor may, at his cost, copy, use, and obtain communication of these documents for the purposes of the Contract. 由雇主（或以其名义）编制的雇主要求以及其他文件，就当事双方而言，其版权和其他知识产权应归雇主所有，承包商因合同的目的，可自费复制，使用和传送上述文件。They shall not, without the Employers consent, be copied, used or communicated to a third party by the Contractor, except as necessary for the purposes of the Contract.除合同需要外，未经雇主同意，承包商不得使用，复制上述文件，或将其传送给第三方。8、履约担保（Performance Bonds）The performance bond is issued after a proposal（提议，建议） has been accepted. It provides security in the amount of face value, which is usually the contract price. Its purpose is to guarantee the completion of the work in accordance with the plans and specifications and at the contract price.履约担保是在提议被接受之后发出的。它提供对票面价值总额的担保，也就是一般所说的合同价格。履约担保的目的是在合同价的基础上依照图纸和规格说明保证完成工程。9、承包商代表（Contractors Representative）The Contractors Representative may delegate any powers, functions and authority to any competent person, and may at any time revoke the delegation. Any delegation or revocation shall not take effect until the Engineer has received prior notice signed by the Contractors Representative, naming the person and specifying the powers, functions and authority being delegated or revoked.承包商代表可向任何胜任的人员付托任何职权、任务和权力，并可随时撤销付托。任何付托或撤销，应在雇主收到承包商代表签发的指明人员姓名、并说明付托或撤销的职权、任务和权力的事先通知后生效。10、承包商人员（Contractors Personnel）The Contractors Personnel shall be appropriately qualified, skilled and experienced in their respective trades or occupations. The Engineer may require the Contractor to remove or cause to be removed) any person employed on the Site or Works, including the contractors Representative if applicable.承包商人员都应是在他们各自行业或职业内,具有相应资质、技能和经验的人员。雇主可要求承包商撤换(或促使撤换)受雇于现场或工程的、有下列行为的任何人员,适当时也包括承包商代表。11、承包商的人员和设备的记录（Records of Contractors Personnel and Equipment)The Contractor shall submit, to the Engineer, details showing the number of each class of Contractors Personnel and of each type of Contractors Equipment on the Site. Details shall be submitted each calendar month, in a form approved by the Engineer, until the Contractor has completed all work which is known to be outstanding at the completion date stated in the Taking-Over Certificate for the Works.承包商应向雇主提交说明现场各类承包商人员的人数和各类承包商设备数量的详细资料。应按雇主批准的格式,每月填报,直到承包商完成了工程接收证书上写明的竣工日期时的全部扫尾工作为止。12、放线（Setting Out）The Contractor shall set out the Works in relation to original points, lines and levels of reference specified in the Contract or notified by the Engineer. The Contractor shall be responsible for the correct positioning of all parts of the Works, and shall rectify any error in the positions, levels, dimensions or alignment of the Works.承包商应根据合同中规定的原始基准点、基准线和基准标高,给工程放线。承包商应负责对工程的所有部分正确定位,并应纠正在工程的位置、标高、尺寸或定线中的任何差错。13、对部分工程的接收 ( Taking Over of parts of the Works) The Employer shall not use any part of the Works ( other than（除了）as a temporary measure which is either specified in the Contract or agreed loy both Parties) unless and until the Engineer has issued a Taking-Over Certificate for this part. 除合同中可能说明或可能经双方同意以外, 在监理工程师发布这部分工程的接收移交证明之前任何部分工程雇主均不得接收或使用。14、环境保护（Protection of the Environment）The Contractor shall take all reasonable steps to protect the environment (both on and off the Site) and to limit damage and nuisance to people and property resulting from pollution, noise and other results of his operations.承包商应采取一切适当措施,保护(现场内外)环境,限制由其施工作业引起的污染、噪音和其他后果对公众和财产造成的损害和妨害。The Contractor shall ensure that emissions, surface discharges and effluent from the Contractors activities shall not exceed the values indicated in the Specification, and shall not exceed the values prescribed by applica