2021版新高考英语一轮复习Unit24Society学案北师大版.docx

Unit 24 Society一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇分类记忆.阅读词汇知其意1homelessness n无家可归2currency n. 货币3ownership n. 所有权4vacant adj. 未住人的，空置的5bare adj. 赤裸的6choke vi. 窒息，噎住7virtue n. 优点，长处8framework n. 结构，构架9poster n. 海报10edition n. 版本11fragrant adj. 有香味的12thirst n. 口渴13swing vi. 摇动14merchant n. 商人15suck vt. 含在嘴里吮食.核心词汇写其形1voluntary adj. 自愿的2deposit vt.& vi. 存储，储蓄3govern vt. 统治，管理4burden n. 重担，负担5resign vt.& vi. 辞职6shrink vi. (使)收缩，缩小7collision n. 相撞8skip vt. 跳过9cast vt. 投下10undertake vt. 着手做，从事11squeeze vt. 挤12fine n. 罚款13sentence n. 判决14relay vt. 转达；传送15abolish vt. 废除.拓展词汇通其变1abundant adj.大量的abundance n大量2signature n签名sign v签名；打手势 n招牌；迹象；符号3govern vt.统治，管理government n政府；管辖，治理4accumulate v积累accumulation n积累；聚集5adjustment n调整，调节adjust vt.调整，调节，使适应6delete vt.删除deletion n删除7elect vt.选举，推选election n选举8merciful adj.宽大的，仁慈的mercy n宽容，仁慈9consequently adv.所以，因此consequent adj.作为结果的consequence n结果；后果10. diverse adj.各种各样的 diversity n多样性1.由shrink想到的动词extend延伸；伸出increase 增加enlarge 扩大；放大expand 扩大；膨胀decrease 减少reduce 减少2.“virtue”相关词汇小结optimism乐观modesty 谦虚bravery 勇敢，勇气justice 正义diligence 勤勉generosity 慷慨3.“熟词生义”小聚fine n罚款fail v. 衰退，衰弱class n. 阶级；等级express n. 快车desert v. 抛弃，离弃ground n. 根据(二)重点短语记牢用活1come_into_being形成，存在2wind_sb.up 故意惹恼(某人，尤指 开玩笑)3show_off 炫耀，夸耀4knock_into_sb. 撞上某人5break_into 闯入6on_principle 根据原则7sentence_sb.to_death 判某人死刑8be_well/better_off 过得好/过得更好9take.seriously 认真对待10above_all 最重要的是；首先11do_away_with 废除；取消12to_start_with 首先13play_an_important_role_in. 在中起重要作用； 在中扮演重要角色14contribute_to 促进，有助于15o_account 考虑，注意，体谅16keep_an_eye_on 注意，留意1.“v.介词to”短语多棱镜belong to属于lead to 导致keep to 遵守，坚持contribute to 有助于，为做贡献admit to 承认turn to 求助于2.knock相关短语荟萃knock out摧毁knock into 撞上knock on/at 敲门knock down 撞倒knock over 撞倒3.“考虑”短语知多少o consideration认真考虑o account 考虑take account of 考虑think over 仔细考虑(三)重点句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：not.but.不是而是Not increased happiness，but stress and less free time to be ourselves and enjoy being with our friends and families.我们不是更快乐了，而是压力增加了，留给我们自己以及与朋友、家人享受乐趣的自由时间更少了。句型2：Its high time that sb.did sth.到某人做某事的时候了As a society，its_high_time_that_we_took these issues more seriously.作为整个社会来讲，是我们应该更严肃地考虑这些问题的时候了。句型3：would rather后接从句时，从句应该用虚拟语气Id(I_would)_rather_you_didnt mention that.我宁愿你不要提那件事。句型4：what if.？如果将会怎么样呢？What_if some married people have affairs？要是一些已婚的人有了婚外恋怎么办？句型5：make宾语宾语补足语结构表示“使”They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs，which made_it_easier_to keep an eye on peoples movements.之后他们可以派卫兵把守着胡同的入口，这样做使他们更容易监视人们的举动。二、语境强化训练.语境填词根据提示写出该词的适当形式1(2018浙江卷6月)The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant(丰富的) food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.2The high building is one of the most challenging engineering projects they have ever undertaken(承担). 3The customer has to deposit(存储) a minimum of 100 monthly.4He has the ability to govern(统治) and give peace to the country.5The collision(相撞) took place in the busiest shipping lanes in the world.6As a matter of fact, my job at the hospital is purely voluntary(volunteer)7Mary resigned(resign) as an agent in a travel agency in September and moved to Canada.8They saw the man with a little girl skipping(skip) along behind him.9He has been to China before；consequently(consequent) he knows something about it.10The woman got on the bus，burdened(burden) with two heavy suitcases.派生词练习用所给词的适当形式填空1The new government is governing the country well and it makes its government well received by the people.(govern)2I asked the young man to delete the records and he said that the records had been marked for deletion(delete)3The young man has killed an abundance of wildlife and he wont escape being punished, for the evidence is abundant. (abundant)4The leader was angry at factory closures and the consequent loss of local jobs and was worried about the consequence. Consequently she resigned.(consequent)5If you move to a new city, youd better adjust yourself to it. Sometimes, it is hard to make some adjustments. (adjust).选词成篇break into; to start with; take.seriously; keep an eye on; be sentenced toSeveral days ago, the police 1.kept_an_eye_on three thieves who had 2.broken_into a bank. 3.To_start_with,_they 4.took_it_seriously and came up with a good plan. They arrested the thieves without any difficulty. Finally the thieves 5.were_sentenced_to three years in o account; show off; do away with; play an important role in; contribute toMy father used to ask my younger sister to 6.show_off her singing and dancing in front of his friends and relatives.But in my view, he didnt 7.take my sisters feelings into_account,_because I found sometimes she did it unwillingly. So I advised that my father should 8.do_away_with this behavior. As we all know, parents respect 9.plays_an_important_role_in the childrens growth, which 10.contributes_to their healthy psychology.完成句子1不是那位老人，而是这些孩子应该受责备。Not_the_old_man_but_the_children_are to blame for it.2汤姆，别看电视了。到了你该睡觉的时候了。Stop watching TV, Tom. Its high time that you_went/should_go_to_bed3我们宁愿让女儿和我们在一起待在家里，但这是她的选择， 她不再是个孩子了。We would_rather_our_daughter_stayed at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.4如果我需要大一点的房间开会怎么办？What_if I need a larger room for a meeting?5我们队在加拿大赢了的消息使我们很高兴。The news that our team had won in Canada made_us_very_happy abundantadj.大量的；丰富的基础练习单句语法填空The apple trees are abundant in fruit.The country has an abundant supply of fossil fuels.(2017江苏卷)The internet has made data abundant(abundance), allpresent and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. 能力提升句型转换Although the country is small，it is rich in minerals.Although the country is small，it_is_abundant_in minerals.(abundant)Although the country is small，there_are_minerals_in_abundance(abundance) (1)be abundant in富有；丰富(2)abundance n. 丰富an abundance of. 丰富的；许多的in abundance 大量；富裕 佳句背诵 Specially in Nanjing, silk production and other craft arts were beginning to be produced in abundance.特别是在南京，丝绸生产和其他一些工艺品开始大量涌现。 burdenn负担，重担vt.(使)担负(沉重或艰难的任务、职责等)能力提升完成句子/一句多译既然我们身为父母，我们就得承担起照顾家人的责任。Since we are parents，we bear_the_burden_of_looking_after all the family members.有些家长抱怨他们孩子的家庭作业繁重。Some parents complain that their_children_are_burdened_with_heavy_homework他整天为没完没了的论文所累，没有时间帮你。He was_burdened_with endless paperwork，so he didnt have time to assist you.Burdened_with_endless_paperwork，he didnt have time to assist you.(用过去分词作状语) (1)be a burden to是的负担bear/carry/share the burden 承受/担负/分担重担(2)burden sb./oneself with sth. 装载；使 负担be burdened with. 负重；为所累 佳句背诵 Poor fellow, he was only eighteen and to be burdened with a family!可怜的人儿，他才18岁，就挑起了家庭重担！ resignvt.& vi.辞职，辞去；使顺从基础练习单句语法填空He made it clear that he would not resign from his present position.He has resigned himself to the fact that he will lose his job.能力提升一句多译据我所知，他辞去了委员会的职务。As far as I know，he resigned_from_the_committeeAs far as I know，he resigned_as_a_member_of_the_committeeresign ones job/position 辞去工作/职务resign from 从辞职resign as. 辞去的职务 resign oneself to (doing) sth. 顺从；使自己安 于(做)某事 佳句背诵 No resign oneself to being defeated.不甘心于失败。 undertakevt.着手做，从事；承担；承诺，保证基础练习单句语法填空The project undertaken(undertake) by the young engineer turned out to be very successful.Whether or not the construction of the bridge will_be_undertaken(undertake) by our company remains to be seen.能力提升完成句子(2017北京卷)收集了所有的材料，那些在计算机方面有天赋的人承担了制作视频的任务。With all the materials collected, those who are talented in computers undertook_the_task_of_making the video.undertake a task承担任务undertake to do sth. 同意、答应或着手做某事undertake that. 保证 佳句背诵 Mr. Collins undertook to look after the children while his wife could go to the fit club with two of her friends.柯林斯先生答应照顾孩子们，而他的妻子可以和她的两个朋友去健身俱乐部。名师点津 undertake过去式、过去分词分别为：undertook；undertaken。 sentencen& vt.判决；宣判；判刑基础练习单句语法填空Believe it or not, the man who was sentenced to death has been free for two years.He has been sentenced to_pay (pay) a fine of 1，000.能力提升一句多译因为偷东西被判了三年刑，他感到非常羞愧。He was_sentenced_to_three_years_in_prison for stealing, so he was very ashamed.Sentenced_to_three_years_in_prison_for_stealing，he was very ashamed.(用过去分词作状语) (1)serve ones sentence 服刑(2)sentence sb.to death/be sentenced to death 判某人死刑 sentence sb.to.year(s) in prison 判处某人年徒刑 佳句背诵 He could be sentenced to ten years imprisonment for the most serious crime that he committed.他最严重的罪状可能使他被判处十年监禁。 consequentlyadv.所以，因此基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错(2017江苏卷)Consequently(consequent), some viewers began to turn away from cinemas, leading to a slower growth.She was found guilty, and as a consequence she lost her job.He was always late for work. In consequence, he was fired.能力提升一句多译由于缺少政府的支持，这项计划很快就失败了。Owing_to/Because_of the lack of support from the government, the plan broke down soon.The plan broke down soon, due_to the lack of support from the government.As_a_consequence/result_of_the_lack_of support from the government, the plan broke down soon.(1)consequent adj.随之发生的(2)consequence n. 结果as a consequence/in consequence结果as a consequence of./in consequence of. 由于的结果 佳句背诵 Theyve increased the number of staff and consequently the service is better.他们增加了职员，所以服务更好了。As a consequence of her hospital experience, Shelly decided to become a nurse.由于有在医院工作的经验，雪莱决定当一名护士。 come into being形成，存在，出现，诞生能力提升完成句子没人知道这种风俗是什么时候开始形成的。No one knows when such a custom came_into_being“土豪”一词在网络上是怎样形成的？How did the word “Tuhao” come_into_existence on the Internet?据说新市长下个月将上任。It is said that the new mayor will come_into_power next e into existence 开始存在，建立，产生come into effect/force 生效come into use 开始被使用come into power 掌权come into fashion 开始流行 show off炫耀，夸耀；卖弄基础练习单句语法填空Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the new kitchen.We were shown around the school by one of the students.He asked me to his house and showed his new pictures to me.Show the visitor in as soon as he arrives.Dont make him wait around in the corridor.(全国卷)When her dinner partner showed up，she also pulled up a chair.show sb.around/in/out 领某人参观/进来/出去show.to. 给看show up 出席，露面；暴露 佳句背诵 Shes very proud of her daughter and always wants to show off her to her friends.她为她的女儿感到非常骄傲而且总是向她的朋友们炫耀她。 break into破门而入，强行闯入；打断；突然起来基础练习单句语法填空(天津卷)See, your computer has broken down again! It doesnt make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.(广东卷)I was still sleeping when the fire broke out,_and then it spread quickly.(江西卷)We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody had broken into the office during the night. 能力提升完成句子那个男孩想挣脱他的父亲，但没成功。The boy tried to_break_away_from his father but in vain.科学家希望在治疗心脏病方面能有所突破。Scientists hope to_break_through soon in their fight against heart disease.break away from脱离；放弃；打破break in 打断；插嘴；闯入break out 爆发；突然发生break through 突围；突破；冲垮break down 垮掉；出故障；分解break up 破碎；拆散，驱散佳句背诵 Instantly the good news was announced, the crowds broke into cheers.好消息一宣布，人群就欢呼起来。名师点津 break into中的into是介词，其后接宾语；而break in中的in是副词，是不及物动词短语，其后不能接宾语。 would rather后接从句时，从句应该用虚拟语气(教材P35)Id(I would)rather you didnt mention that.我宁愿你不要提那件事。基础练习单句语法填空What about going shopping this weekend?Id rather not. I would rather stay(stay) at home. a.(2018全国卷) I would rather you brought(bring) an appropriate gift when visiting your Chinese friend. bId rather you had_gone(go) to the party yesterdayit was so wonderful. 能力提升同义句改写Nowadays some teenagers would rather chat with strangers online than talk with their parents face to face.Nowadays some teenagers would_chat_with_strangers_online_rather_than_talk with their parents face to face.(would.rather than .)Nowadays some teenagers prefer_to_chat_with_strangers_online_rather_than_talk with their parents face to face.(prefer.rather than.) (1)would rather(not) do sth.宁愿(不)做某事(2)would rather do sth. than do sth. (would do sth. rather than do sth.prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.)宁愿做某事而不愿做某事(3)would rather后接从句时，从句的谓语动词应用虚拟语气：would rather sb./sth. did sth. (对现在或将来的虚拟)would rather sb./sth. had done sth. (对过去的虚拟)佳句背诵 I would rather stare at a clear, starfilled sky than a computer.我宁可凝视繁星满天的晴朗夜空也不愿盯着电脑。名师点津 (1)使用would rather.than.句型时要注意平行结构，即than的前后要用两个同类的词或词组，如两个名词、两个介词短语等。(2)牢记would rather后跟从句要用虚拟语气。 What if.？如果将会怎么样呢？(教材P36)What if some married people have affairs?要是一些已婚的人有了婚外恋怎么办？基础练习单句语法填空It sounds like a good offer, but what if its a trick?If she spent five years in Paris，how come her French is so bad?Im afraid its too expensive.So what？We have plenty of money.能力提升完成句子如果她发现你把她的书弄丢了怎么办？ What_if_she_finds_out_that_youve_lost_her_book？How come.？怎么会这样？ 怎么搞的？How/What about.? 怎么样？What for? 为什么(目的)? 为何(理由)?So what? 那又怎样？Why not do sth.? 为什么不做某事呢？ 佳句背诵 What if he doesnt accompany you to Beijing？要是他不陪你去北京怎么办呢？维度一在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式1(2018全国卷)Many of us love July because its the month when natures berries and stone fruits are in abundance(abundant)2It is high time that everyone of us began(begin) to live a simple life.3He gave up smoking at last. Consequently(consequence)，his health improved gradually.4Only about 20% of the people voted in the local government elections(elect)5The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students spiritual(spirit) life.维度二在空白处填入1个适当的单词1What if my son fails to arrive here and we miss the early bus?2Burdened with heavy taxes，people had to struggle to make their ends meet in old times.3I would rather take a bus than drive my car to work every day.4The teacher will make it easier for most of us to understand the whole passage.5My best clothes are not modern or fashionable. Maybe someday they will come into fashion.维度三语境品词(写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义)1(2019天津卷)By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character.负担；重担2We should make teenagers realize the risk and consequence of taking drugs by putting more safety education into textbooks.结果3(上海卷)As soon as I was offered a good position, would resign at once.辞职提能一语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)For the first time in human history the population of older persons will be 1.larger(large) than the population of children. One reason is 2.that dramatic health advances have added 20 years to the average lifeexpectancy. And another is the low birthrates, which contribute to the 3.aging(age) society. People 4.traditionally(tradition) retire at 65 and live 5.on government pensions. As people grow older, a huge financial burden will 6.be_placed(place) on the government. Another concern is that medical 7.expenses(expense) increase with age. Experts suggest the 8.government(govern) should establish 9.a sound social security system. They also suggest that individuals start saving as soon as possible 10.to_ensure(ensure) a financially secure retirement.提能二话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)1补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)在这个村里这些传统很早就形成了。These traditions came_into_being_a_long_time_ago如果一个人很富有，他(她)是不可以对别人炫耀的。If someone is well_off,_he/she shouldnt show_off如果一个人撞在另一个人身上，他(她)必须道歉。如果一户人家被破门而入了，邻居要去帮忙。If someone knocks_into another person, he/she should say_sorry_to that person. If someones house is broken_into,_his /her neighbor should go to help.每个村民在村里都起着重要的作用。Each villager plays_an_important_role_in the village.2衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：in conclusion)_One possible version：These traditions came into being a long time ago