新核心3Unit 3.ppt

Unit3FoodSafety,LearningObjectives,Inthisunit,youwill:1.learnaboutpeoplesattitudestowardsfoodsafetyandfuturetrendsoffoodindustry;2.familiarizeyourselfwiththewords,expressions,andsentencepatternsrelatedtothethemeoftheunit;3.applythesewords,expressions,andsentencepatternscorrectly;4.researchfoodsafetyissues;5.giveanoralpresentationtotheclassaboutfoodsafetyissues;6.learnhowtowriteaPro/Conessay.,PartIApproachingtheTopic,PartIIUnderstandingtheText,PartIIIExploringtheTopic,PartIVDoingIntegratedExercises,PartVWritingStrategy,PartIApproachingtheTopic,Task1Brainstorming,Task2SurfingandReporting,Task3WatchingandRetelling,Task4VocabularyPreview,Listthemostseriouseventsoffoodcontaminationinrecentyears.2.Analyzethefactorswhichleadtotheoccurrenceoffoodcontamination.3.Reportontheworldwidecontroversyonfoodsecurity.4.Proposesomefeasibleapproachestoensurefoodsecurityinourdailylife.5.Whataretheprosandconsoftransgenicplants?Whataresomeexamplesoftransgenicplants,Task1Brainstorming,Unit3PartITask1,1.WorkingroupsandfindinformationontheInternetaboutthefollowingterms.Presentyourresearchtotheclass,optionallyusingPowerPoint.,Task2SurfingandReporting,Unit3PartITask2,Unit3PartITask2,Webresources/wiki/Main_Pagehttp:/http:/www.foodsafetynetwork.ca//default.htm.uk/safereating//foodsafety//,Answersforreference:,Unit3PartITask2,2.Aseriesofglobalfoodsafetyscandalsinrecentyearsisspurringdebateovertheneedforstrongerfoodsafetyenforcement.IncidentshaveincludedspinachcontaminatedwithE.colifromCaliforniaandmilkcontaminatedwithmelaminefromChina.Finddetailedinformationaboutthelatestfoodsafetyissues,andthenpresentyourresearchtotheclass,optionallyusingPowerPoint.,Unit3PartITask2,Task3WatchingandRetelling,1.Watchthevideoclip“FoodSafetyItsinyourhand”.Usetheglossarybelowforreference.,Unit3PartITask3,Unit3PartITask3,2.Watchthevideoagainandthenexplainthemainpointstoyourpartner.,【Script】,Unit3PartITask3,Script,Unit3PartITask3,Task4VocabularyPreview,Readthewordsandphrasesbelow,payingattentiontothepronunciation.Usethescalebelowtogiveyourselfascoreforeachword.Afterfinishingthestudyoftheunit,scoreyourselfagaintocheckyourimprovement.,Unit3PartITask4,GlossaryforMainReading,Unit3PartITask4,Unit3PartITask4,Unit3PartITask4,GlossaryforRelatedReading,Unit3PartITask4,Unit3PartITask4,Unit3PartITask4,PartIIUnderstandingtheText,MainReading,RelatedReading,PartIIUnderstandingtheText,MainReading,Text-relatedInformation,TextAnalysis,LanguagePoints,TranslationoftheTexts,Tasks,Text-relatedInformation,Unit3PartIIMainReading,1.WorldFoodSafetyOrganization,2.WorldHealthDay,Unit3PartIIMainReading,Unit3PartIIMainReading,3.FDA,Unit3PartIIMainReading,4.EFSA,TextAnalysis,Unit3PartIIMainReading,Unit3PartIIMainReading,Unit3PartIIMainReading,Unit3PartIIMainReading,LanguagePoints,Unit3PartIIMainReading,1.FoodSafety,orthepotentiallackofit,isatopicfrequentlyonourminds;thevariousnewsmediadotheirbesttobesureofthat.(L1),Paraphrase:,Wearefrequentlyworriedaboutfoodsafety,orthatthefoodwearehavingisnotsafe.TherearelotsofTV/radioprograms,newspaperarticlesandtheInternetreportsthatarewarningpeopleoftheunsafefoodcases.,【译文】,食品安全，或者说是潜在缺乏安全，是我们时常关注的话题；各类媒体更是在这方面做足了文章。,thepotentiallackofitthefoodmightbeunsafeononesmindbeworried/concernedabout当前的思想，担心inonesmindremember,think心里的想法，区别于说法和实际情况,Unit3PartIIMainReading,Flyingdemandsallyourconcentrationanditisnotwisetoriskflyingifyouhavebusinessworriesorsomeothermentalstressonyourmind.飞行需要全神贯注，因此如果心里有工作或其他方面的焦虑的话，冒险飞行是很不明智的。Comeandseeusnowandthen,butdonthaveusonyourmind.时常来看我们就行了，别老想着我们/别为我们担心。,e.g.,thevariousnewsmediaTVnewspaper,Internet,radiobesureofthatremindpeopleoftheirconcernaboutfoodsafetyandsecurity,Unit3PartIIMainReading,Ohyes,ifsomethingsonyourmindyoucantsleepatall.是的，如果你有心事就会睡不着觉。Notimeinmylife,however,isclearerinmymindthanmyyearsintheWAAF.然而，我的一生中记忆最深刻的就是在WAAF(WomensAuxiliaryAirForce空军妇女辅助队)服役的日子。Inhermindshewasalreadyformulatingaplanofaction她已经在心里谋划行动计划,e.g.,2.Thisdoesntmeanthatthereisntaseverehealthrisktothoseexposedtothecontaminatedfoodstuffs,butratherthatinattemptingtoremovethecontaminatedmaterialsfromthemarket,anoverlybroadrecallisfrequentlyinitiated.(L5),Paraphrase:,Bysayingthat“theriskisfrequentlyoverblown”,Idontmeanthattherisktothosewhoactuallytakethecontaminatedfoodisoverblown,butthefoodrecallresultingfromthecontaminationisoverlybroad.Frequently,werecallthegoodproductstogetherwithpollutedones,aswecannotidentifytheminnotime.,【译文】,这并不是说接触到受污染食品不会对健康造成严重伤害，而是说为了把受污染食品撤出市场，召回范围通常是扩大了的。,Unit3PartIIMainReading,overblownexaggerated,overstated,Unit3PartIIMainReading,Everythingisoverblownandinflatedandoutofcontrolinthefilmbusiness.电影业的一切都被夸大了、膨胀了、失去控制了。Editorsalsoobjecttooverblownorfalseclaims.编辑还反对夸大的或失实的报道。,e.g.,removefromtakeoutof搬走，撤走,Heremovedthemudfromhisshoes.他去掉鞋上的泥。Airpurifiersactuallyremoveodoursandparticlesfromtheairthroughaseriesoffilters.空气清新机实际上是通过一系列过滤装置滤除空气中的气味和灰尘。,e.g.,initiatestart起动,Unit3PartIIMainReading,Hewantstoinitiatenewmethods.他想开始实行新方法。Thesurfacehasbeenheatedsufficientlytoinitiateverticalmotion.地表加热到足以引起垂直运动。,e.g.,begin,start,commence,initiate,inaugurate这些动词均含有“开始”之意。begin最常用词，含义广泛，多用于行动、工作等的开始，其反义词是end。,Unit3PartIIMainReading,start在许多场合可与begin通用，但start侧重动作的起点。commence可与begin换用，但commence系书面正式用词，语气庄重，特指有正式程序或一定仪式，或某种正式行动的“开始”。initiate指创始或发起，侧重某过程的第一步，不考虑结束，强调起始。inaugurate指正式而隆重的开始。,3.Inthissituation,youmightlookuponlaboratoryinformaticsasamultifacetedgem,witheachfacetrepresentingadifferenttypeofinformaticssystem.(L14),Unit3PartIIMainReading,Paraphrase:,Inthissituation,youmightregardlaboratoryinformaticsasagemwithseveralfacetsandeachfacetrepresentsadifferenttypeofinformaticssystem.,【译文】,我们可以将实验信息技术看成是一块多面的宝石，每个面代表不同的信息系统。,Unit3PartIIMainReading,Itisarelativelyyoungscience,withthenamefirstbeingappliedbySvanteWoldin1971.(L37)这是一门相对年轻的科学，SvanteWold于1971年首次使用该学科名称。,e.g.,multifacetedwithmanyfacetsn.+-eda.three-legged,short-sightedwith+n.+v.-ing独立主格结构,e.g.,4.Thepurposesofthesesystemsrangefromproducingqualityfoodstuffs,toanalyzingfoodsamplesandstoringtheanalyticalresults,tousingtheseresultstomakeevaluationsandpredictionsregardingthequalityandsafetyofthesefoods.(L27),Unit3PartIIMainReading,Paraphrase:,Thepurposesofthesesystemsincludeproducingfoodstuffswithgoodquality,analyzingfoodsamplesandstoringtheanalyticalresultsandusingtheseresultstomakeevaluationsandpredictionsregardingthequalityandsafetyofthesefoods.,【译文】,这些系统有的是为了生产高品质食品，有的为了分析食品样本并储存分析结果，有的为了利用这些结果来评估和预测食品质量和安全。,Unit3PartIIMainReading,analyze/analysev.analysis(analysespl.)n.analyticala.rangefromto包括，从到举例或给定范围,Typicalcuretemperaturesrangefrom125to175.典型的固化温度范围从125175。Theymayrangefromthesinglecellormulticellboxwithrectangularsidestoasimilartrapezoicaltypewithslopingsides.它们包括有单箱和多箱，有矩形和有斜向腹板类似梯形的类型。,e.g.,5.Chemometricsis“Thescienceofrelatingmeasurementsmadeonachemicalsystemorprocesstothestateofthesystemviaapplicationofmathematicalorstatisticalmethods.”(L34),【译文】,化学计量学是“是一门应用数学或统计学方法把对化学系统或工艺的测量数据与系统的状态相联系的科学”。,Unit3PartIIMainReading,relateAtoB把A与B相联系，即根据已知信息A推断未知信息BapplicationofAtoBA在B中的应用applyAtoB把A应用于B,6.Thefirstiswhetherthefoodproductoringredienthasbeenadulteratedand,ifso,whethertheadulteratingagentishazardous/toxic.(L43),Unit3PartIIMainReading,Paraphrase:,Thefirstclassofissueiswhetherthefoodproductoringredienthasbeenreplacedbysomethingofpoorerqualityandifthereplacementdoeshappen,whetherthethingofpoorerqualityisharmful/poisonous?,【译文】,首先是食品或其原料是否掺假，如果掺假，掺假的成分是否有害/有毒。,Unit3PartIIMainReading,adulteratev.corrupt,debase,ormakeimpurebyaddingaforeignorinferiorsubstance;oftenbyreplacingvaluableingredientswithinferiorones掺假adulteratedoil/flour/milk掺假的油、面粉、牛奶agentn.成分、药剂；代理,Convectionistheprincipalagentofheattransferintheatmo-sphereandoceans.对流是大气和海洋中热传输的主要媒介。Thecouplingagentmayprotecttheinterfaceagainststresscorrosionbywater.偶联剂可保护界面免受水的应力侵蚀。MyfriendVirginiaMartinelliisareal-estateagent.我的朋友VirginiaMartinelli是个房地产中介。,e.g.,7.Therehavebeencasesofdeliberateinsertionofaninfectiveagent,butmostinstancesresultfromaccidentalcontaminationorstorageunderinappropriateconditionsallowingnaturaloccurringmicroorganismstogrow.(L49),Unit3PartIIMainReading,Paraphrase:,Insomecases,peopleintentionallyinsertsomeagentthatmaycausediseases,butinmostcases,theinsertionisaccidental.Peoplemaystorethefoodinthewrongplacewheremicroorganismsgrownaturally.,【译文】,有人为加入传染病原的案件，但大部分事件是源自意外污染或者是贮存不当而导致微生物自然繁殖和扩散。,deliberatea.故意的accidentala.意外的,8.YoumightfindthebookSwindledtobeaneyeopeningexperiencetothislong,ifnothonored,tradition.(L61),Unit3PartIIMainReading,Paraphrase:,IfyoureadthebookSwindled,youknowthatthereisalongtraditionoffoodadulteration.Thistraditionisnothonored.,【译文】,那你就看看美味欺诈这本书吧，一定会让你对这个长盛不衰的掺假历史大开眼界的,尽管这个历史并不光彩。,eye-openinga.开眼的，长见识的,Itwasreallyaneye-openingsightsinceeachschoolhadadifferentdesignforthecapandgown.真是开眼界，每个研究生院都有不同款式的帽子和长袍。,e.g.,9.Theaboveexamplesbarelyscratchthesurfaceintermsofillustratingtheimpactandpotentialofchemometricsonfoodsafety.(L73),Unit3PartIIMainReading,Paraphrase:,Theaboveexamplesarenotenoughtoillustratetheimpactandpotentialofchemometricsonfoodsafety.,【译文】,以上例子只是关于化学计量学对食品安全的影响及潜在用途的肤浅介绍。,barelyjustenough,butbyanextremelysmallmargin仅仅scratchthesurface工作肤浅Tomakeaninvestigation,oneshouldgointomattersdeeply,notjustscratchthesurface.做调查工作不能蜻蜓点水,要深入实际。,e.g.,Unit3PartIIMainReading,Thisessayissoshortthatitcanonlyscratchthesurfaceofthetopic.这篇文章很短,只能对这一问题作肤浅的探讨。,e.g.,intermsofintheaspectof在某方面,Theycanbehighlyproblematicforusers;manypeoplehavedifficultythinkingintermsofhierarchicaldatastructures.它有时可能给用户带来很大的问题，很多人按照层次数据结构来思考时都感到很困难。,e.g.,TranslationoftheTexts,ForMainReading,Unit3PartIIMainReading,Task1GuessingMeaningfromContext,Guessthemeaningofthefollowingwordsandphrasesfromcontext.Theletterinparenthesesreferstotheparagraphinwhichthewordcanbefound.Choosewhichmeaningbestfitstheword.,Task,Unit3PartIIMainReading,d,_,b,_,_,Unit3PartIIMainReading,e,_,a,_,c,_,_,Unit3PartIIMainReading,a,_,d,_,b,_,_,Unit3PartIIMainReading,f,_,a,_,e,_,d,_,b,_,_,Unit3PartIIMainReading,a,_,_,b,Task2UnderstandingMainIdeasandImportantDetailsintheText,Task,1.AnswerthefollowingquestionsabouttheMainReadingwithapartner.1)Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthefoodrecalls?2)Whatisthekeyreasonfortheoverbroadlyfoodrecalls?3)Whatcanhelptosolvetheproblem?4)Whatisthemainfeatureoflaboratoryinformatics?,Theyareoftenoverlybroad.,_,Itishardtotracethecontaminationsourceintime.,_,Unit3PartIIMainReading,Laboratoryinformatics.,_,Itisamultifacetedgem,withnoonefacetismoreimportantthananother.,_,5)WhatistheChemometrics?6)WhatcantheChemometrictechniquesdo?7)Whatarethetwomainissuesinwhichpeopleareconcernedaboutfoodsafety?8)WhatarethetwoexamplestheauthorcitetoillustratetheusingofChemometrics?,Chemometricsis“Thescienceofrelatingmeasurementsmadeonachemicalsystemorprocesstothestateofthesystemviaapplicationofmathematicalorstatisticalmethods.”,_,Unit3PartIIMainReading,Tracingcontaminationsources,identifyingadulterationorspoilage.,_,Foodadulterationandbiologicalcontaminationoffoodingredientorproducts.,_,Identifyingadulterationofoliveoilandmilkspoilage.,_,Unit3PartIIMainReading,2.Usetheanswerstothequestionsabovetosummarizethetext.Addtransitionalwordswherenecessary.,3.Listthedetailsofthetwoexamplesofusesofchemometrics.,Unit3PartIIMainReading,Example1:OliveOil,Methodsused:Results:1.2.,incorporatingFourierTransform-Raman(FT-Raman)spectroscopywithmultivariateprocessingprocedures,_,differentiatebetweenthepureandadulteratedsampleswith100-percentaccuracy,_,provideastrongqualitativeestimateofthedegreeofadulteration,_,Unit3PartIIMainReading,Example2:Milk,Methodsused:1.2.Results:,FT-IRspectroscopy,_,accuratelyquantifythebacterialoading,_,Multivariatestatisticalmethods,_,PartIIUnderstandingtheText,RelatedReading,LanguagePoints,Tasks,TranslationoftheTexts,LanguagePoints,Unit3PartIIRelatedReading,1.Atfirstglance,thisseemslikelytoleadtoarepetitionofthecontroversiesthatsurroundedthearrivalofgeneticallymodifiedorganisms(GMOs)inagriculturemorethanadecadeago.(L9),Paraphrase:,Whenfirstseen,thisseemslikelytobringaboutthesimilarcontroversiesasthosethatwereconcernedaboutthearrivalofgeneticallymodifiedorganisms(GMOs)inagriculturemorethanadecadeago.,【译文】,乍看之下，这似乎会引发类似十多年前农业领域中有关转基因食品的争论。,2.DavidFaber,theheadofTransOva,anAmericanfirmleadingthecharge,claimsthistechnologywillmakepossible“elitebreeding”thatwillleadtofaster-growing,disease-resistantandgeneticallysuperioranimals.(L19),Paraphrase:,DavidFaber,theheadofTransOva,anAmericanfirmleadingthecharge,arguesthatthistechnologywillprobablycultivatethefastergrowinganimalswithdiseaseresistanceandsuperiorgenes.,【译文】,美国一家主导克隆技术的企业TransOva的领导人大卫法勃尔宣称，这项技术能够使选育优良品种成为现实，从而繁殖出快速生长、无疾病、基因优良的动物。,Unit3PartIIRelatedReading,superiora.betterthanaverageorbetterthanotherpeopleorthingsofthesametype优良的;优秀的;优等的,Unit3PartIIRelatedReading,Hesmiledasuperiorsmileashedrovepastinhisexpensivenewcar.他开着那辆豪华的新车驶过时，傲慢地微微一笑。Illreportyoutoyoursuperiorofficer!我要把你的情况报告给你的上司！Hisopinionisthattheintellectofmodernmanisntsuperior.他的看法是，现代人的智力并不高超。,e.g.,n.oneofgreaterrankorstationorquality;acombatantwhoisabletodefeatrivals上级；优胜者,Unit3PartIIRelatedReading,Healwaysdoeswhathissuperiorstellhim.他惟上级之命是从。HehasnosuperiorasaShakespearianactor.他演莎士比亚戏剧无出其右。,e.g.,【短语词组】superiorcourtn.高等法院,上级法院superiorplanet外行星superiorto比优越,LakeSuperior苏必利尔湖superiorin在方面优越,Unit3PartIIRelatedReading,3.suspend(L30)v.tostoportocausetobenotactive,eithertemporarilyorpermanently暂停，停止,Thepolicemanwassuspendedwhilethecomplaintwasinvestigated.因该警察遭投诉，在调查期间已令其暂停职务。Theydecidedtosuspendtradewiththatcountry.他们决定中断和那个国家的贸易。Suchfineparticlessuspendreadilyinwater.这种微粒极易悬浮在水中。Astheworkerswentonstrike,thecompanywasobligedtosuspenditsoperations.由于工人罢工,该公司被迫暂停营运。,e.g.,4.First,despiteallthewild-eyedclaims,cloningforfoodisnotanespeciallyradicalprocedure.(L36),Paraphrase:,First,eventhoughtherearemanyradicalviews,cloningforfoodisnotveryradical.,【译文】,首先，尽管有很多反对的言论，但克隆食品并不是特别彻底地利用克隆技术。,Unit3PartIIRelatedReading,radicala.1)oforgoingtotherootororigin;fundamental根本的;基本的,Theycalledforaradicalreformofourtaxsystem.他们要求对税收制度进行根本改革。,e.g.,2)(usedofopinionsandactions)farbeyondthenorm；markedlyneworintroducingradicalchange激进的,Thetalksareaimedatradicalreductionsinthelevelofweapons.那些会谈都以大幅度裁减军备为目标。Idontbelongtotheschoolofthoughtthatfavorsradicalchange.我不属于激进派。,e.g.,Unit3PartIIRelatedReading,Unit3PartIIRelatedReading,5.Theyemphasizetheirdesiretobuildupstocksofclonedanimalsslowly(onlyabout600existinAmerica,forexample),andemphasizetheirschemefortaggingandtrackingallclones.(L52),Paraphrase:,Theiremphasisareontheirdesiretobuildupstocksofclonedanimalsslowly(onlyabout600existinAmerica,forexample),andontheirschemefortaggingandtrackingallclones.,【译文】,他们强调希望慢慢增加克隆动物的储量（比如在美国只产大约600头），同时强调为所有克隆动物贴标签并进行跟踪的计划。,Unit3PartIIRelatedReading,schemen.aplan,design,orprogramofactiontobefollowed;project阴谋；计划;方案,Thepolicehaveuncoveredaschemeofrobbery.警察当局破获了一起阴谋抢劫案。Iratherdoubtifsuchanambitiousschemecouldbemadeasuccessof.我真怀疑这样一个雄心勃勃的计划是否会成功。Arivalcompanyhassetafloatanewcreditscheme.一家竞争的公司已开始实施一项新的信用购物方案。,e.g.,Unit3PartIIRelatedReading,v.deviseasystemorformaschemefor图谋,设计,策划,Heschemedtokeephisrivalsinignoranceofhisplans.他设法不让他的对手们知道他的计划。Theyschemedoutanewmethodofbridgebuilding.他们设想了一种新的造桥方法。Theyhavebeenschemingtooverthrowthegovernment.他们一直在策划推翻政府。,e.g.,6.Hiscustomersandsomeforeignmarketswillrejectclonedfoods,hesays,butheisnotsurehowhewillbeabletoverifythathisdairyproductsdonotcontainmilkfromtheoffspringofclones.(L71),Unit3PartIIRelatedReading,Paraphrase:,Hiscustomersandsomeforeignmarketswillrefusetoacceptclonedfoods,hesays,buthehasnoideaonhowtoprovethetruththatthereisnomilkfromtheprogenyofclonesinhisdairyproducts.,【译文】,他说，他的顾客和一些外国市场拒绝克隆食品，但他不确定怎样才能证明其奶制品不含由克隆动物后代所产的牛奶。,verifyv.toprovethetruthof,asbyevidenceortestimony;confirm;substantiate证实,核对,Physicalandchemicaltestsverifythatthisdevicehasneitherradioactivepollutionnortoxicsideeffects.物理和化学检验证实该仪器既无放射性污染，对人体也无毒副作用。Hetriedineverywaytoverifythistheory.他想尽一切办法来验证这个理论。,e.g.,Unit3PartIIRelatedReading,7.advocate(L74)n.apersonwhospeaksorwritesinsupportordefenseofaperson,cause,etc.支持者,拥护者,鼓吹者,Unit3PartIIRelatedReading,v.pushforsomething；speak,plead,orargueinfavorof提倡,主张,Sheisapassionateadvocateofeducationreform.她是一名教育改革的热情拥护者。,e.g.,Headvocatesreducingmilitaryspending.他主张削减军费开支。Manyeducatorsadvocatealiberaleducation.很多教育家提倡通才教育。,e.g.,8.merit(L77)n.anyadmirablequalityorattribute;thequalityofbeingdeserving价值;长处;优点,Thereislittlemeritinpassingtheexaminationifyoucheated.如果你作弊，考试及格也没什么价值。Hewasawardedameritbadgeforhisbraveryinthebattle.他因为在战斗中的勇猛被授予一枚奖章。Asatopmanager,heshouldappointnonebutpeopleontheirmerit.作为一位总经理，他应该任人为贤。,e.g.,Unit3PartIIRelatedReading,【短语词组】meritpay绩效工资technicalmerit技术优势meritindex价值指标meritfactor品质因素,TranslationoftheTexts,ForRelatedReading,Unit3PartIIRelatedReading,