新课标高中英语合成词

合成词的分析英语中很多单词是通过合成的方式构成的，他们叫做合成词，常见合成词有合成名词、合成动词、合成形容词等几种类型。1.合成名词 名词名词： football足球名词动词： snowfall 下雪名词动词-ing ： horse-riding骑马名词介词名词： daughter-in-law儿媳动词-ing名词： waiting-room候车室形容词名词： greenhouse温室副词名词： income收入介词名词： afternoon下午过去分词+副词： grown-up成年人以上合成一起变成名词。2.合成动词名词动词： water-cool用水冷却形容词动词： quick-charge快速充电以上合成一起变成动词。3.合成形容词名词形容词： world-famous世界文明的名词动词-ing ： peace-loving热爱和平的名词过去分词： heart-broken伤心的动词副词： takeaway外卖的形容词名词： long-distance长途的形容词形容词： dark-blue深蓝色的形容词过去分词： new-born新出生的副词动词-ing ： hard-working勤劳的副词过去分词： well-known著名的数词名词： first-class头等的数词名词形容词： ten-year-old十岁大的介词名词： indoor 室内的理解这里的三句话：Australia is a country which speaks English. （country 由定语从句修饰）澳大利亚是一个讲英语的国家。Australia is a country speaking English. （country 由现在分词短语修饰）Australia is an English-speaking country. （country 由名词加动词构成的形容词）熟记常见的由合成词组成的短语：record-breaking destroy=destroy which breaks record 破记录的毁坏peace-loving people= people who love peace爱好和平的good-looking gentleman=gentleman who looks good 仪表堂堂的男士hard-working students=students who study hard刻苦读书的学生far-reaching influence=influence which reaches far广泛深远的影响easygoing person=person who goes easy 随和容易相处的人well-being children=children who are well 健康的孩子state-owned enterprises=enterprises which are owned by state国有企业hand-made goods=goods which were made by hand 手工制品fast-developing industry=industry which develops fast 高速发展的产业highly-developed countries=countries have developed highly 高度发达的国家newly-arrived visitors=visitors who have arrived newly 刚刚抵达的参观者well-known university=university which is known very well著名的大学ready-made clothes=clothes which are made and ready to be used做好的, 现成的衣服snow-covered fields=fields which are covered by snow白雪覆盖的田野newly-built airport=airport which is built newly新建的飞机场从以上例子可以看出，要了解和掌握含有分词的复合形容词，首先必须了解正确使用及物动词的现在分词和过去分词的关键： 准确了解及物动词的分词与所修饰的名词关系，修饰动作发出者用现在分词表示主动，修饰动作承受者用过去分词表示被动。 准确了解不及物动词的所用时态，用现在分词表示主动含义或动作正在进行，用过去分词表示动作业已完成。 再看v.-ing加名词的关系sleeping- pills安眠药 = pills which are for sleepingwaiting-room候车/诊室; = room which is used for waitingreading-room 阅览室 = room which is used for reading名词+v-ed的复合形容词a warm-hearted man=a man with a warm heart 一个热心肠的人cold-blooded animals=animals with cold blood 冷血动物a long-haired girl=a girl with long hair一个长发女孩儿a right-minded person=a person with right mind 有正义感的人a