EAR(估计平均需要量).ppt

CHILDHOODNUTRITIONANDFEEDING,DRIs,EAR（估计平均需要量）RNI（推荐摄入量）AI（适宜摄入量）UL（可耐受最高摄入量）,Nutrients,EnergyProteinLipidCarbohydrateVitaminMineralWaterFoodfiber,1.Energy,Basalmetabolism(55-44-30-25kcal/kg/d)ThermodynamiceffectoffoodPhysicalactivityGrowthExcretionOthers,peristalsisinfant7%8%digestionabsorptionelderchildren5%,MentalityandemotionEnvironment,1.Energy,GeneralEnergyNeeds,Basalmetabolism50%Physicalactivity25%Growth12%Excretion8%,612yrs,Infant110kcal/kgevery3yrs10kcal/kg15yrs60kcal/kg,2.Protein,EssentialaminoacidNon-essentialaminoacidRecommendamount,breastmilk2.0g/kgcowmilk3.5g/kgvegetativeprotein4.0g/kg,GeneralEnergyproportion8%-15%,3.Lipid,SaturatedfattyacidUnsaturatedfattyLinoleicacid（亚油酸）Linolenicacid（亚麻酸）,1:2,n-6n-3,GeneralEnergyproportion,45-50%,25-30%,4.Carbohydrate,2yrs10g/kg/d,GeneralEnergyproportion55%-65%,Protein8%15%Lipid25%30%Carbohydrate55%65%,GeneralEnergyproportion,5.Vitamin,VitA,VitD,VitE,VitK,VitB,VitC,Fat-solubleWater-soluble,6.Mineral,Macroelements(0.01%BW),Traceelements(10m,FormulaFeeding,Formulamilk,Fortifiednutrients,Fe,Zn,VitA,VitB,VitC,VitD,InfantFeeding-SupplementaryFood,2wVitD4-6mRicepowder7-9mmeshedvegetable、meat、fruit、softnoodle、biscuit10-12msoftrice、thickporridge、fine-cutvegetable、meat、beanproductsetc.12-24mpiece-cutfood24m-normal,Age,food,Feedingprinciples,Reasonablefoodarrangementprotein:fat:carbohydrate1：1：4-510%25-30%50-60%FoodqualityFeedingbehaviorFeedingenvironment,Evaluationofnutritioncondition,HistoryNutritionstudyfoodinvestigationphysicalgrowthevaluationphysicalexaminationlaboratorytest,Standard,UnderweightStuntingWasting,W-2SD,L-2SD,W/L-2SD,Summary,NutrientrequirementBreastfeedingFormulafeedingSupplementaryFoodEvaluationofnutritioncondition,Discussion(TorF),1.TheVitDinbreastmilkisenoughforfullbreastfeedinginfants.2.Cereals