拆译法（课堂PPT）

Division,拆译法,1,Thesailorsswarmedintoalaughing,cheeringringaroundthetwomen.水兵们蜂拥成又欢又笑的圆圈，把这两人围了起来。水兵们欢欢笑笑，蜂拥而至，把这两人围了起来。,2,Ihadunforgivably,inastealthymanner,peepedathercorrespondence.我难以宽恕地偷偷看她的信。我偷偷摸摸地看她的信，这实在是难以宽恕的行为。,3,Ifwefollowtheoriginalsentencesstructureintranslation,wemayfindithardtoreproducetheoriginalthought.Besidesotherwaystodealwiththiscase,wemaydividesuchasentenceintotwoormorepartsbypickingoutthosewords,phrasesorclauseswhichare“hardnutstocrack”andmakingthemintoChineseword-groups,clausesorsentences,coordinateorsubordinate.,Sometimes,4,Division,Indivision,wehavetodeterminewheretodivide,howtodivide,whatthesubjectorthepredicateofthenewclauseorsentenceshouldbe,andhowtorearrangevariouspartsoftheoriginalsentence.ThesemayinvolvesuchtechniquesasConversion,AdditionandInversion.,5,1.PickingOutofWords,ItisadvisabletopickoutthosewordswhicharehardtoreproduceintheoriginalstructureandexpandthemintoChineseword-groups,clausesorsentences.Thereareusuallythreestepstodealwithsuchwords:,拆译单词,6,determinewhichword(s)topickoutapplyConversionorAddition,ifnecessary,tomakethetranslatedversionsmoothandwell-connectedRearrangethewordorderaccordingtotheChinesemodeofexpression.,Steps：,7,Examples:,HeremindedmeofwhatIshouldotherwisehaveforgotten.他提醒我那些不提起或许会忘记的事情。他提醒了我，要不然我就把这事忘了。,8,TheheadlinesoftheParisandLondonnewspaperswerebig,blackandfrightened.巴黎和伦敦的报纸的标题是大号、黑体和恐慌的。巴黎和伦敦的报纸用的是大号黑体标题，显得惊惶失措。,9,Theyrelentlesslytearattheflowerstheysee.他们无情地摘他们所看到的花。他们见花就摘，毫不爱惜。,10,Drill:,Ishallbegladofyourcompanyonthejourney.Hefilledneatlytwocolumnsofthesingle-sheetissuewithhisarticle.,如果你能陪我一块去，我会很高兴。,小报只有一单张，他的文章却整整占了两栏的篇幅。,11,AllthistimeourpoorbewilderedfamilieshadbeenkeptinsecretatBrioni.Yoursister-in-lawisaniceprettywoman?,整整这段时间，我们可怜的家属，一直秘密被留在布里俄尼,不知所措。,你的嫂子大概很漂亮，为人也不错，是不是？,12,1Istatedthathisdemarche（外交政策）cannotsafelyberegardedasmerebluff(恐吓).2Fewcouldhonestlyarguethattheystartedthewar.3Theytriedvainlytoblameusforthebreakdowninthetruce（休战）talks.4Shewaspardonablyproudofherwonderfulcooking.5Theyproperlyhavetobeveryfactual.,Drills,13,Key,1我说过，把他的外交步骤看作仅仅是恐吓，那绝不是万全之策。2如果有人声言是他们发动了战争，这种话很少有可能是真正出自内心的。3他们企图把停战谈判的破裂归罪于我们，但却是徒劳的。4她以自己高超的烹饪术而得意，这是可以原谅的。5他们不能不实事求是，这才是恰当的。,14,6Youmaywellbesurprised.7Werejectasmisleadinganddeliberatesuchattemptstodistractusfromtherealissue.8AmericanprisonerswerepermittedtoreceiveRedCrossfoodparcelsandtowritecensoredletters.9AnycommentonitshouldappropriatelycomefromtheMinistryofForeignAffairs.10Theywereunderstandablyreluctanttojoinbattles.,Drills,15,key,6你感到惊奇，可能是有道理的。7我们抵制这些企图，因为这些企图要使我们从真正的问题上转移注意力，因为这些企图是骗人的，是有预谋的。8允许美国俘虏领取红十字会的食品包裹，允许他们写信，不过信要经过检查。9对此的任何评论都应由外交部发表，这才是适宜的。10他们不愿参战，这是可以理解的。,16,2PickingoutofPhrases,Participialphrases,nounphrases,andprepositionalphrases,etc.,ifhardtoreproduceintheoriginalstructure,maylikewisebepickedoutandexpanded.,17,Examples:,Theimageofasuddenwallofdarkwatercarryingthemanandhiscarawayinaninstantisstillimprintedonmymind.顷刻之间，滚滚的浊水像堵墙一般压了下来，一古脑儿连人带车都给冲走了。这情景，直到现在还印在我的脑海里。,18,Somehowourpathtookustowardthepark,acrossthefootbridgehighabovetherollingwatersoftheLosAngelesRiver.我们不知不觉朝公园走去。公园就在人行桥那边，桥下很深的地方，汹涌的洛杉机河水滚滚流过。,19,Hewasatthistimeinhislatefifties,atall,elegantmanwithgoodfeaturesandthickwavingdarkhaironlysufficientlygrayingtoaddtothedistinctionofhisappearance.他这时已是将近六旬的人，高个儿，一表人才，眉清目秀，卷发又多又黑，略带花白，恰好衬出他那堂堂的仪表。,20,1Hisarticleisawell-writtencompositionwithgoodorganizationandfinestyle.2Iwaitedingrowingimpatiencetogetonmyway,notforoneminutebutforquiteaconsiderabletime.3IwasquiteastonishedatyourreturnfromIndiatofindyounotallerthanmyself.4Thedifficultyofattainmentincreasesthevalueoftheobject.5Itishardtopredicttheintensityofthepatternsfromyeartoyear.,Drills,1他的文章写得好，结构严密，风格优美。,2我等着要上路，越等越不耐烦，哪里是等一会儿，一等就是老半天。,3你从印度回来，我发现你只和我一样高，真是意想不到。,4越是难得的东西，其身价就越高。,5严重程度年年不同，真是难以预料。,21,6Thunderstormsinspringandsummeroftencomewithintensitygreatenoughtocauseflash-flooding.7Thetreesonthestraightwideroadshavegrownhighandgivedeepshade.8Andrewis,onthesurface,astoutish,easy-goingelderlyman,withkindlypatientmannersandanengagingsimplicityofcharacter.9Thisnewerawasacclaimedeverywhereasasymbolofabreakwithanobsoletepast.10Theirdoggedfightagainstsuchheavyoddsgavethetroopsinvaluableextratime.,6春夏两季，雷雨交加，猛烈异常，往往顷刻之间，暴雨成灾。,7大道又宽又直，两旁的树长高了，树荫更浓了。,8论外表，安德鲁身躯略胖，脾气随和，年事略高，风度慈祥，真诚动人，性格直率。,9人们到处都在欢呼这个新时代，认为这是与陈腐的过去决裂的一个象征。,10他们在众寡悬殊的情况下顽强战斗，这就为大部队赢得了极为宝贵的额外时间。,22,3SplittingofComplexSentences,3.1SeparatetheadjectiveclausefromthemainclauseThedraftresolution,carefullydraftedinmoderateterms,which,despiteitsflaws,weshallsupport,isprimarilyanappeal.这项决议草案，精心草拟，措辞温和，首先是一种呼吁。尽管它有缺点，我们还是要支持。,Examples:,23,BrightsunshinefloodedthestreetwhereagroupofboysinSundayclotheswereplayingball.大街上阳光灿烂。一群穿着假日服装的孩子正在街上玩球。ThiswastheperiodwhenEinsteinbegantheresearchwhichresultedinthecreationofhisfamousTheoryofRelativity.就在这期间，爱因斯坦开始进行一项研究。经过这项研究，（从而）他创立了著名的相对论。,24,Howeverweshouldnotgivemuchcredencetothistale,whichismorelikelyspreadtomakefunofthesupposedlystingynatureoftheScots.我们可不要轻信这样的传说，因为这种传说之所以流传，大多是用来嘲笑苏格兰人所谓吝啬的性格。,25,Agasoccupiesallofanycontainerinwhichitisplaced.气体不管装在什么容器里，都会把容器填满。,26,1YoucompareherwithyourEnglishwomenwhowolfdownfromthreetofivemeatmealsaday,andnaturallyyoufindherasylph.2Neverthelesstheproblemwassolvedsuccessfully,whichshowsthatthecomputationswereaccurate.,Drills,1你们英国女人每天狼吞虎咽地吃上三五餐肉食，你拿她来同你们相比，自然觉得她是个窈窕淑女了。,2不过问题还是顺利解决了。这说明计算是准确的。,27,3IfthemanwhowasseentotakeanumbrellafromtheCityChurchlastSundayeveningdoesnotwishtogetintotrouble,hewillreturntheumbrellatoNo.10BroadStreet.Heiswellknown.,3上星期日傍晚，有人曾见某君在市教堂取走雨伞一把。取伞者如不愿卷入纠纷，还是将伞送至布劳德街十号为妙。此君为谁，众人皆知。,？,28,3.2separateotherclausesfromthemainclause,Examples:Itisafamiliarfactthatnothinginnaturewilleitherstartorstopmovingofitself.自然界任何物体的运动都不会自行开始或自行停止，这是人所共知的事实。,29,WearefortifiedinourhopethattheeffortsofachievingthoseendswillbegreatlystrengthenedbythearrivaloftheChinesedelegation.中国代表团的到达将大大加强为实现那些目标的努力，对此我们抱更大的希望。中国代表团的到达，令我们增添了希望，意味着为实现那些目标会付出进一步的努力。,30,1Thatlighttravelsfastestofallmattersiswellknowntoall.2Ithasnotbeentriedwhetherthealuminumpartscanbereplacedbyothermetalparts.3Thatiswhyheatcanmeltice,vaporizeandcausebodiestoexpand.4Itiseasytoseewhatweightcanbeovercomeandwhatthrustisnecessarytomaintainflight.,Drills,1人们知道，世间所有物质，光传播得最快。,2铝部件可否能用其他金属部件来代替，尚未试验过。,3热能使冰融化，使水蒸发，使物体膨胀，其道理就在于此。,4要知道应该抵消多大重力并需要多大推力才能保持飞行，这很容易。,31,4Splittingofthewholesentence,Well,whatifIdid?Iveasgoodarighttotakeataxiasanyoneelse.那又怎么样呢？的士别人能坐，咱也能坐。HowcanyoubesuchafoolishignorantgirlastothinkyoucouldaffordtopayMr.Higgins?你这姑娘怎么那么糊涂不懂事？你能出得起钱请希金斯先生吗？,32,Well,youwouldnthavethefacetoaskmethesameforteachingmemyownlanguageasyouwouldforFrench.你总没那么厚脸皮要咱一样多的钱吧？这是教本国的话，又不是教法文。,33,1WhenItrytounderstandwhatitisthatpreventssomanyAmericansfrombeingashappyasonemightexpect,itseemstomethattherearetwocauses,ofwhichonegoesmuchdeeperthantheother.为什么有如此多的美国人不能如想象中的幸福呢？我认为原因有二，而两者之间又有深浅之分。,Drills,34,2HeboaststhataslaveisfreethemomenthisfoottouchesBritishsoilandhesellsthechildrenofthepooratsixyearsofagetoworkunderthelashinthefactoriesforsixteenhoursaday.他吹嘘说，任何奴隶一踏上英国的土地就获得自由，而他却出卖穷人家六岁的孩子到工厂干活，每天十六个小时，受尽鞭打责骂。,35,Exercises,1Thesun,whichha