A_Rose_for_Emily 2015（课堂PPT）

ARoseForEmily,1,2,Themeaningofthetitle：whatdoesarosesymbolize?,Arosesymbolizingloveandapledgeoffaithfulness.Aroseforsomebodycanalsomeanakindofmemorial,anoffering,inmemoryofsomebody.Abizarrestoryoflove,death,honor,pride,changeandloss.Emilywasdeniedlove,thetitlehasanironicmeaning.,2,2020/5/19,ARoseforEmily,WilliamFaulknerWilliamFaulknerslife:themostimportantfactisthathewasbornandbredintheAmericanSouthandlivedtherealmostallhislife.,3,2,Abouttheauthor,4,2020/5/19,HisMainWritings,Hismajornovels:TheSoundandtheFury(1929)AsILayDying(1930)Sanctuary(1931)LightinAugust(1932)Absalom,Absalom!(1936)TheHamlet(1940)Hisbooksofshortstories:TheseThirteen(1931)Godown,Moses(1942)TheCollectedStoriesofWilliamFanlkner(1950),5,2020/5/19,WilliamFaulkner,BecausethesettingofmostofhisworksistheAmericanSouth,Faulknerisregardedasaregionalwriter.Faulknerdealswithsomeofthemajoruniversalthemesinliteraturesoprofoundlythatheisreadandrecognizednationallyandinternationally.,ARoseforEmily,6,2,WritingtechniquesFaulknerisamongthegreatestexperimentalistsofthe20thcenturynovel.Hiseffectiveuseofthestreamofconsciousness,multiplepointsofview,symbolismandimaginary,placehimamongtherankofthegreatestmodernwritersalongwithJamesJoyceandVirginiaWoolf.In1949FaulknerreceivedtheNobelPrizeforliterature.,7,2020/5/19,WilliamFaulkner,.Eachstoryandeachnovelcontributestotheconstructionofawhole,whichistheimaginaryYoknapatawphaCountyanditsinhabitants.,8,2,TheirthemeisthedecayoftheoldSouth,asrepresentedbytheSartorisandCompsonfamilies,andtheemergenceofruthlessandbrashnewcomers,theSnopeses.,9,2020/5/19,Themeandtechnique-thedistortionoftimethroughtheuseoftheinnermonologuearefusedparticularlysuccessfullyinTheSoundandtheFury(1929),thedownfalloftheCompsonfamilyseenthroughthemindsofseveralcharacters.WilliamFaulknerdiedonJuly6,1962.,10,2020/5/19,WilliamFaulkner,ARoseforEmily,AlthoughitisoneofhismostfrequentlyanthologizedshortstoriesandiswidelyusedintheAmericanclassroom,Chinesestudentsmayfinditdifficulttounderstandandappreciate.SomeofthemmaythinkitisabizarrestoryaboutanoldeccentricladyinanAmericanSoutherntown.ItstruethatthesettingofthestoryistheAmericanSouth.,11,2,Yet,thethemeofthestoryisuniversal,transcendingtheboundariesoftimeandspace.Likemanyotherworksofgreatliterature,thisshortstorytellsaboutlove,death,honor,pride,change,andloss.,12,2020/5/19,InARoseforEmilywecanseehowtheauthortellsagoodstoryskillfully,howhecreatesanatmosphereneededforthestorytelling,howhekeepsthesuspenseandunfoldstheconflictbitbybitandhowhedigsdeepintothesocialworldofhischaracter.Thisstoryisarichandmodern20thcenturyliterarytext.,13,2020/5/19,Byexploitingthosetricks“FaulknerhopestoinviteusreaderstoparticipateintheprocessofseekingthetruthsoftheinnerlifeofthetownspeopleastheycopewithMissEmily.Oncewedo,wewillsurelyenjoyreadingthestory.Itslikeworkingatapuzzle:whenwestarttofigureitout,itwillbecomemoreandmoreinteresting.,14,2020/5/19,The1949NobelPrizepresentationspeechcallsFaulknertheunrivalledmasterofalllivingBritishandAmericannovelists“.Heisregardedasadeeppsychologist.TheshortstoryARoseforEmilylivesuptothathighpraise.,15,2020/5/19,WilliamFaulkner,ARoseforEmily,ImplicitChronology(approximate)ThenarrationofARoseforEmilydoesnotfollowanormalchronologicalorder.Instead,itshiftsintimefrequentlyandgivesoutbitsofinformationaboutthemaincharacter,MissEmily,insuchawaythatthereaderhastopiecethemtogetherbyhimself.Thefollowingimplicitchronologyhasbeenworkedoutonthebasisoftheinformationfromthetext.,16,2,Cacirca.1855:MissEmilyisborntotherichestfamilyofslave-ownersintown.1861-1865:theAmericanCivilWar,ConfederatetroopsfromherecommandedbyCol.Sartoris.1870:Mr.Grierson,MissEmilysFather,hasthefamilyhousebuiltinGothicrevivalstyleca.1886:Mr.Griersondies;MissEmilysinheritanceisonlythehouse;sheisover30.ca.1887:HomerBarron,Northernconstructionforeman,arrives;heandMissEmilystartcourting.ca.1888:HomerBarronisseennomore;thesmellinthehouseisnoticed.1894:YoungColoneldies.ca.1919:YoungColoneldies.ca.1927-1928:ThetaxdelegationvisitsMissEmily.ca.1929-1930:MissEmilydiesattheageof74.,17,2020/5/19,WilliamFaulkner,ARoseforEmily,WhatisthemeaningofthetitleARoseforEmily?Themeaningofthetitleisambiguous,capableofvariousinterpretations.Aroseisaclich,symbolizingloveandapledgeoffaithfulness.Fromthestory,wecanseeMissEmilywasdeniedlove.So,inthissense,thetitlehasanironicmeaning.Aroseforsomebodycanalsomeanakindofmemorial,anoffering,inmemoryofsomebody.Then,whoofferedaroseforEmily?Faulknerintentionallyleavestheanswerforthereaderstofind.Butdifferentreadersmaycomeupwithdifferentanswers.Ambiguityisoneofthecharacteristicsofthisstory.Studentsshouldbeencouragedtogivetheirowninterpretationsandgiveanswerstoquestionsthatmaycomeupduringtheirreadingandclassdiscussion.,18,2,Whotellsthestory?Thatisnotaveryimportantquestionfor18thcenturyfictionoreven19thcenturyfictionbecausestorieswrittenthenareusuallytoldbyapersonwhoknowseverythingatanymoment.Itiscalledtheomniscient(all-knowing)narrator.Modernwritersofthe20thcenturyliketoexperimentwithdifferentnarrativevoices.InARoseforEmilyhechooseswe,thepeopleofthetown,asthecollectivenarrator.Thefirstsentenceofthestorysays,WhenMissEmilyGriersondied,ourwholetownwenttothefuneral.Inthefollowingpartswefrequentlyappearasthenarrator.,19,2020/5/19,WilliamFaulkner,ARoseforEmily,Wearetheordinarypeopleofthetown,representingthegossipofthetown.Theyare,mostofthetime,notparticipantsbutobserversoftheevents.TheyareratherdetachedfromMissEmilyandthereforedifferentfromtheladies“orolderpeoplementionedinparagraph31whoaremoresociallyinvolvedwithMissEmilyandthustendingtobemorejudgmental.,whydoestheauthorchoosethiscollectivenarrator?,20,2,Thetownspeoplearemainlyinterestedinkeepingtrackoftheeventsandsharingtheinformationwithpeoplecomingfromoutsidethetown.Yet,aspeoplelivinginasmalltownintheSouth,theyhavetheirownvaluesandattitudes.Onthewholewe“shouldberegardedasareliablenarrator.However,weareunabletotellthestoryinastraightforwardandsystematicmanner.,21,2020/5/19,Asnon-participantsofthemajorevents,thiscollectivenarratordoesnotknoweverything,andthusthenarrativepointofviewislimited.ForinstancenoneofushavebeeninsideMissEmilyshouseuntilherdeath.soinevitablytherearegapsinthenarrationthatareboundtocauseconfusiononthepartofthereaderorthelistenerofthestory.Thatleavesalotofroomforreaderparticipation.Asreaders,wehavetofillinthegapsandpiecethescatteredhitsofinformationtogetherbyourselves.Thisistheburdentheauthorplacesonusreaders,andatthesametime,itispartofthefunofreadingsuchastory.,22,2020/5/19,Setting,timeandmajorcharacters,Setting：ThetownofJefferson-thecountyseatofYoknapatawphaTime：nocleartimeclues,usingflashback.Majorcharacters：Emily,herfatherandherloverHomer,thepeopleofthetownMinorcharacters：ColonelSartoris,JudgeStevens,23,2020/5/19,Keypointsofthetext,1.Thetheme(themes)ofthestory(differentinterpretations)2.Theconflictsinthestory(Emilyandthecommunityoftown,Homer,herfather,theoldandthenew,thepastandthepresent,theSouthandNorth)3.FivedifferentimagesofEmilyreflectingherchangesinthestory,24,2020/5/19,Keywordsofthetext,I.Encroach,august,aneyesoreamongeyesores,father,edict,totheeffectthat,dispensation,plumpness,obesityII.Horseandfoot,temerity,diffident,deprecation,tableau,slenderandslimIII.Imperviousness(impervious)IV.ThwartV.acrid,monogram,attitude,grimace,biding,25,2020/5/19,“ARoseforEmily”,Thejumbledchronologyisstructuredlikeagossipstory.EachsectionisdesignedforthereadertomakeajudgmentofEmily,26,2,SectionI,PeopletalkabouthowEmilyhasntpaidhertaxesShehasbeenshelteredherwholelifebyherdadColonelSartoris(mayor)knewhewouldntgettaxesfromher(Southernpride)HecreatesastorywhyshedoesntpayShebelievesthestoryandbuysintoit,27,2020/5/19,SectionII,AstrangesmellemitsfromEmilyshouseMenhavetosneakaroundherhousetospreadlimetocoversmellDoessheseethem?Issheall“together?”,28,2020/5/19,SectionIII,ThefirstappearanceofHomerBarronTownspeoplereact-womengossipingEmilyisseenbuyingarsenicFaulknerforcesustomakeajudgmentatthispointShouldwefeelsorryforher?Isshesenile?Scandalous?DoesshebuythearsenicbeforeorafterHomersvisit?,29,2020/5/19,SectionIV,EmilyscousinsarrivetoprepareherformarriageEmilybuysmensclothingandtoiletriesThisisthelasttimeanyoneseesHomerAnotherjudgmentisforceduponthereaderEmilydies,30,2020/5/19,SectionV,BacktopresenttimeEmilyisdeadThetownspeopleopenherbedroomdoorthathasbeenshutforover30yearsTheirdiscoverycreatesshuddersofhorroranddisgustThefinaljudgment/responsefromthereaderislaidout,31,2020/5/19,ThefirstsectionopenswithadescriptionoftheGriersonhouseinJefferson.Thenarratormentionsthatovertheyears,MissEmilyGriersonshomehasfallenintodisrepairandbecomeaneyesoreamongeyesores.ThefirstsentenceofthestorysetsthetoneofhowthecitizensofJeffersonfeltaboutEmily:,32,2020/5/19,PartI,Para.1:whoistellingthestory?“We”aretellingstoriesaboutEmily,thepeopleofthetown,asthecollectivenarratorormulti-narrativevoices.Whydoestheauthorchoosethiscollectivenarrator?,33,2020/5/19,Narrator,18th19thcentury:omniscientmnintapersonwhoknowseverythingatanymoment20thcentury;differentnarrativevoices,34,2020/5/19,埃米莉.格里尔森小姐去世时,全镇的人都去送葬了.男人们去是出于一种尊敬,因为一个纪念碑到下了.女人们则是出于好奇,想看看埃米莉小姐的房子里面到底是什么样子的,因为除了一个作花匠兼厨师的老男仆之外,起码有10年没别人踏进过她家的大门了.,35,2020/5/19,WhatisthefunctionofParagraph2?,ThisparagraphprovidesdetailsaboutthesettingofthestorytheplacebeingtheSoutherntownofJeffersonandthetimebeingaftertheSouthlostintheAmericanCivilWar.FromthedescriptionsoftheappearanceofMissEmilyshousewelearnsomethingaboutherfamilyandhercharacter,andfromthevisiblechangesonthestreetsovertheyearswegettoknowsomethingaboutthehistoricalandsocialchangesthatweretakingplacethen.,36,2020/5/19,Para.2Whatconflictisreflected?,Thisparagraphprovidesdetailsaboutthesettingofthestory.ThedetaileddescriptionofthehouserevealstheidentityoftheGriersonsasoneoftherichestfamiliesinthetown.Conflictbetweennewthingsandoldthings,37,2020/5/19,Thestreetusedtohouseonlythebestfamilies.Thengreatchangestookplace;garageandcottonginswereestablishedonthestreetandtheirexistencewipedoutthearistocratictracesIthatneighbored.Whilethewholestreetwasbecomingmodernandcommercial,onlyEmilyshouseremainedthesame.,38,2020/5/19,Liftingitsstubbornandcoquettishdecay,personificationToshowthathouseanditsownersharethesamecharacter.,39,2020/5/19,Cedar-bemused:transferredepithet.,不过，现在埃米莉小姐也加入了那些名门望族代表的行列中了。他们在令人沉思的雪松陪伴下长眠于公墓，他们的墓碑周围埋葬着一排排南北战争中在杰斐逊战场上阵亡的南方和北方的无名军人。cedar-bemused:transferredepithet,40,2020/5/19,Para.3WhatcanweinferfromColonelSartorisedict?,41,2020/5/19,TotreatwhiteupperclasswomenandNegrowomendifferently.,42,2020/5/19,Tofather:tobringintobeing;tofoundEdict:anofficialpublicorderissuedbyauthority.Dispensation:specialpermissionfromsomeoneinauthoritytodosth.thatisnotusuallyallowed.特许V.dispense:togivesth.topeople.esp.infixedamounts.分发,分配E.g.Villagersdispensedteatopeopleinvolvedintheaccident.,43,2020/5/19,MissEmilyhadbeenatradition,aduty,andacare;asortofhereditaryobligationuponthe.,MissEmilyrepresentedthearistocracyoftheOldSouththathadlostoutintheCivilWar.Shewasold,unmarried,andwithoutfamily.Theyfeltthattakingcareofherwastheirdutyandobligation.Andthisobligationpassedfromgenerationtogenerationaslongasshelived.,44,2020/5/19,埃米莉在世时，一直是传统的化身，履行责任和给于关照的对象，这是全镇人沿袭下来的一种义务。,45,2020/5/19,Para4.Whatconflictisreflected?,Thenewgenerationandoldergeneration,thepresentandthepastMissEmilyignoredthetaxnoticeandtheformalletterfromthealdermen.Sheonlyrepliedtotheletterbythemayor.Shewasarrogantandheldherselftoohightodealwithordinarypeople.,46,2020/5/19,Para6WhatistheimageofEmily?(Image1),Small,fat,spare,plumpness,lookedbloatedlikeabody,pallidhue,eyeslookedlikecoalpressedintoalumpofdough.MissEmilyswatchisasymboloftime.Bymakingherwatchinvisible,shetriedtoignorethepassageoftimeaswellasanychangesbroughtaboutbythepassageoftime.Tarnishmeansthelossofthesplendoroffamily,47,2020/5/19,Plumpnessandobesity,Plumpness:beingfullandroundinform.Adj.plumpthebabysplumparmsObesity:beingveryfat,unhealthilyfat.adj.ObeseE.g.Theboyistooobesetotakepartinsports.,48,2020/5/19,Watch,Symbol:timeButnotlookatthewatchIgnorethepassageoftimeaswellasanychangesbroughtaboutbythepassageoftime.,49,2020/5/19,WhatcanweinferfromPara.7-14aboutEmily?,Sheistoostubbornandarroganttoacknowledgechanges.Para.6:stateoneserrandPara.7:CometoastumblinghaltPara.8:gainaccessto,50,2020/5/19,SectionII,AstrangesmellemitsfromEmilyshouseMenhavetosneakaroundherhousetospreadlimetocoversmellDoessheseethem?Issheall“together?”,51,2020/5/19,Para24:WhatisEmilysimage?(image2),“heruprighttorsomotionlessasthatanidol”image2thisisoneofthevividimagesofEmilytheauthorcreatesinthestory.Whydoestheauthorportraysherinsuchaway?Thefactthatshewasmotionlesssuitedherrigidandstubbornpersonality.,52,2020/5/19,Para.25Whyhadhergreat-auntgonecrazy?,Heldthemselvestoohigh,ablindandexcessiveself-importance.tableau:astrikingsceneorpicture,frozenintimefordramaticeffect.Back-flung:向后开的Vindicate:toprovetobetrue.Insanityinthefamily,53,2020/5/19,CanyoutelltheconflictbetweenEmilyandherfatherinPara.25?(Image3),Father:adominantpatriarchalfigurewithpower,authorityandmanipulationEmily:avulnerableandpurefigurewithobediencetoherfatherandwithoutfreedomtocourtwithsuitors.,54,2020/5/19,父亲死后，传说留给她的全部财产就是那座房子；人们倒也有点感到高兴。到头来，他们可以对爱米丽表示怜悯之情了。单身独处，贫苦无告，她变得懂人情了。如今她也体会到多一便士就激动喜悦、少一便士便痛苦失望的那种人皆有之的心情了。,55,2020/5/19,Para.28:Canyoubringouttheimpliedmeaninginthisparagraph?,“shewouldhavetoclingtothatwhichhadrobbedher”Whatrobbedherofherlove,marriageandfreedomwasnotonlyherfatherasanindividual,butthetraditionalsocialforceherepresented.Shewouldclingtotheseconservativevalues.Shewasrestrictedbyherfatherforsolongthatsheheldontoconventionalideasdespiteofherself.,56,2020/5/19,SectionIII,ThefirstappearanceofHomerBarronTownspeoplereact-womengossipingEmilyisseenbuyingarsenicFaulknerforcesustomakeajudgmentatthispointShouldwefeelsorryforher?Isshesenile?Scandalous?DoesshebuythearsenicbeforeorafterHomersvisit?,57,2020/5/19,1.WhatchangeshappenedtoEmilysimageafterherfathersdeath?(image4)Havingherhaircutshort,58,2020/5/19,indicatesherdeterminationtochangeherroleasanupper-classladywithconservativevalues,tolivealiberatedlife,tobeanindependentandstrongerwoman.ThisqualityofherscanbeseeninhercourtingwithHomerBarron,aYankeeforeman,despitetraditionalsocialprejudice,59,2020/5/19,Yankee,Carpetbagger美国内战后利用南方不定局势谋利的人North:winnerSouth:losermanynorthernersafterthewarcametoSouthinthehopeofmakingmoney.,60,2020/5/19,ThetermYankee(sometimesshortenedtoYank)ThemeaningofYankeehasvariedovertime.Inthe18thcentury,itreferredtoresidentsofNewEnglanddescendedfromtheoriginalEnglishsettlersoftheregion.Northerners(Civilwar)OutsidetheUnitedStates,YankeeisslangforanyonefromtheUnitedStates.ThetruncatedformYankisespeciallypopularamongBritons,andmaysometimesbeconsideredoffensiveordisapproving.,61,2020/5/19,Buttherewerestill,Buttherewerestillothers,olderpeople,whosaidthatnomatterhowsadMissEmilywas,sheshouldnotforgetshehadcertainobligationasamemberofthenobility,thougharealladywouldnotdescribeherself-restrainttheexpressionnoblesseoblige.,62,2020/5/19,Whatdoesthissentenceimply?,ItshouldbeunthinkableforEmilyaspartofthelocal“nobilitytoconsidermarryingamansofarbeneathher.,63,2020/5/19,礼拜天的下午，当拉车的马踏着轻快的步子哒哒驶过时，女人们站在遮阳的百叶窗后窥视，她们的绸缎长裙沙沙作响，人们交头接耳：“可怜的埃米莉。”,64,2020/5/19,Impervious(ness),(1)notaffectedorinfluencedbysomethingandseemingnottonoticeit.不受影响的，无动于衷的。E.g.Janetcarriedonreading,impervioustotherowgoingonaroundher.Heisimpervioustoourrequestsforhelp.Hewashard,seeminglyimpervioustoharm.Beimpervioustooutsideinfluences(2)Notallowinganythingtoenterorpassthrough.不能进入的，不能穿透的。Imperviousvolcanicrock.,65,2020/5/19,Para.34-42(Emilysimage5),Whatdoyouthinkherimageindicateswhensheboughtarsenic?Haughtyblackeyes(Para.34)Shewascomparedtoalonelylighthousekeeperextremelonelinessandsolitude.Astrainedflag(Para.41),66,2020/5/19,埃米莉就那样瞪着他，她的头向后仰，以便能与他对视，一直看得他转移了目光，走进去取了砒霜并包好。,67,2020/5/19,SectionIV,EmilyscousinsarrivetoprepareherformarriageEmilybuysmensclothingandtoiletriesThisisthelasttimeanyoneseesHomerAnotherjudgmentisforceduponthereaderEmilydies,68,2020/5/19,Whyitwouldbethebestthingtokillherself?,69,2020/5/19,Para44.Hewouldneverdivulge,HewouldneverdisclosewhathappenedduringhistalkwithMissEmily.inferthatMissEmilymusthavetreatedhimwithdistainwhenhecametoexpressthecommunitysdisprovalofherpubliccourtingactivitieswithHomerBarron.Thatiswhyherefusedtohaveanothertalkwith.MissEmily.,70,2020/5/19,Para45”weweregladbecausethetwo.Why?,ThetownspeopleweregladbecausetheyhadbeenannoyedbythearrogantattitudeofMissEmilyandnowthetwocousinswereevenmorestubbornandself-importantthanMissEmily.TheybelievedthatthetwocousinswouldsucceedinpersuadingMissEmilyandHomerBarrontogetmarriedquicklysothatherpubliccourtingwithHomerBarronwouldcometoanend.,71,2020/5/19,Whydidthetownspeopleexpectthis?,TheybelievedthatHomerBarronsdisappearancemeanthehaddesertedMissEmily.ThiswasaheavyblowtopoorEmily,whosewomanslifehadbeenalreadythwartedbyherfathersomanytimes.Sotheywerenotsurprisedwhenshedidnotappearinthestreetsforsixmonths.Theyhadexpectedhertobehavethatway.ThisshowsthetownspeoplessympathyforMissEmily.,72,2020/5/19,Para.48-49,Whatdoesherhaircolorsymbolize?StrongandstubbornpersonalityFitupastudio(Para.49)WiththesameregularityandinthesamespiritThecollectionplate:aplateforholdingthemoneycollectedduringachurchservice.,73,2020/5/19,Para.51:“Thusshepassedfromgenerationtogeneration-dear,inescapable,impervious,tranquilandperverse.”,thetownspeoplesambivalentattitudetowardEmily.,74,2020/5/19,1.她就这样度过了一代又一代高贵，宁静，无法逃避，无法接近，怪僻乖张。2.就这样，一代又一代过去了，她始终保持着高贵傲然，临危不惧，性格倔强，镇定自如，怪僻乖张。Bothnotgood,75,2020/5/19,76,2020/5/19,SectionV,BacktopresenttimeEmilyisdeadThetownspeopleopenherbedroomdoorthathasbeenshutforover30yearsTheirdiscoverycreatesshudders战栗ofhorroranddisgustThefinaljudgment/responsefromthereaderislaidout,77,2020/5/19,(Para.54-60)SecretinEmilyshouse,78,2020/5/19,andtheveryoldmensomeintheirbrushedConfederateuniformsontheporchandthelawn,talkingofMissEmilyasifshehadbeenacontemporaryoftheirs,believingthattheyhaddancedwithherandcourtedherperhaps,confusingtimewithitsmathematicalprogression,astheolddo,towhomallthepastisnotadiminishingroadbut,instead,ahugemeadowwhic