诗人雪莱介绍英文版Percy-Bysshe-Shelley

,PercyByssheShelley(1792-1822),IfWintercomes,canSpringbefarbehind?,壹,贰,叁,肆,伍,Briefintroduction,Life,Marriage,Majorworks,Estimation,Briefintroduction,PercyByssheShelley(1792-1822)Category:EnglishLiteratureBorn:August4,1792FieldPlacenearHorsham,Sussex,EnglandDied:July8,1822Viareggio,Italy,EnglishRomanticpoetWhorebelledagainstEnglishpoliticsandconservativevalues.Shelleydrewnoessentialdistinctionbetweenpoetryandpolitics,andhisworkreflectedtheradicalideasandrevolutionaryoptimismoftheera.英国浪漫主义诗人他背叛了英语政治和保守的价值观。雪莱没有本质的区别诗歌和政治,他的作品反映了激进的思想和革命时代的乐观情绪。,Life,Bornon4thAugust,1792,atFieldPlaceAsonofSirTimothyShelleyaWhigMemberofParliamentandhiswife,alandowner雪莱爵士辉格党议员妻子（地主）ReceivedhisearlyeducationathomeIn1802,heenteredtheSyonHouseAcademyIn1804,ShelleyenteredEtonCollege(subjectedtoanalmostdailymobtorment)几乎每天受到暴徒折磨On10thApril1810,hewaseducatedatOxfordUniversity,In1810publishedhisfirstGothicnovelZastrozzi柴斯特罗齐,whichexpressedhisatheisticworldview哥特式小说，无神论世界观publishedOriginalPoetrybyVictorandCaziretogetherwithhissisterElizabethfinishedPosthumousFragmentsofMargaretNicholsoncooperatedwithThomasJeffersonHoggIn1811publishedhissecondGothicnovel,St.Irvyne圣安尔温wroteananti-religiouspamphletcalledTheNecessityofAtheism无神论的必要,whichmadehimbeexpelledfromtheuniversity反宗教小册子marriedHarrieton28August,In1816metByronHarrietdrownedherselfinHydeParklosthischildrensguardianshipmarriedMaryGodwinIn1817,stayedatMarlowwithJohnKeatsIn1818,movedtoItalyandformed“SatanicSchool”withByron“魔鬼的学校”On8July1822,lessthanamonthbeforehis30thbirthday,ShelleydrownedinasuddenstormwhilesailingbackfromLivornotoLericiinhisschooner,waslaterburiedinRome.,Marriage,FirstmarriageHeelopedwithasixteen-year-oldgirl,Harriet,toScotlandtogetmarried.Unhappyinhisnearlythree-year-oldmarriage,Shelleyoftenlefthiswifeandchildalone.SecondmarriageDuringhisfirstmarriagehefellinlovewithMaryGodwin,theauthorofFrankenstein科学怪人,andelopedwithhertotheEuropeanContinent.私奔到欧洲大陆TheygotmarriedafewweeksafterHarrietsbodywasfound.,Majorworks,TheNecessityofAtheism(1811)无神论的必然QueenMab(1813)麦布女王,ToTheLordChancellor（1817）致大法官LaonandCythna(TheRevolutionoftheGoldenCity)(1818)莱昂和西斯那TheRevoltofIslam(1818)伊斯兰的反叛,抨击封建制度的专横无道和英国资本主义制度的剥削，反映劳动人民的悲惨境遇，引起了英国资本主义阶级的仇视，1818年被迫侨居意大利。,OdetotheWestWind(1819)西风颂PrometheusUnbound(1819)解放了的普罗米修斯TheCenci(1819)倩契TheMasqueofAnarchy(1819)暴政的假面游行MenofEngland(1819)英格兰人,ThePhilosophicalViewofReform(1819)改革的哲学观TheCloud(1820)云ToASkylark(1820)致云雀OdeToLiberty(1820)自由颂Adonias:AnElegyontheDeathofJohnKeats(1821)阿多尼斯,PrometheusUnbound,雪莱利用古希腊神话的素材（TheancientGreekmythmaterial），创作了这一诗剧，表达自己反抗暴政的思想。结合当时的社会背景，雪莱的时代，工人运动（labormovement）正在兴起，民族解放运动（nationalliberationmovement）正在高涨，他的诗歌正像普罗米修斯用火点燃人们的心一样，鼓舞着被压迫、被奴役人民的革命斗争。雪莱笔下的普罗米修斯的形象，既概括了工人阶级和劳动人民反抗专制统治（againstdespotism）、争取自由解放（fightforfreedomandliberation）的革命精神和不畏强暴的英雄气概，也体现了诗人自己坚定的立场、伟大的品格、崇高的精神境界。,OdetotheWestWind,Makemethylyre,evenastheforestis:Whatifmyleavesarefallinglikeitsown!ThetumultofthymightyharmoniesWilltakefrombothadeep,autumnaltone,Sweetthoughinsadness.Bethou,Spiritfierce,Myspirit!Bethoume,impetuousone!DrivemydeadthoughtsovertheuniverseLikewitherdleavestoquickenanewbirth!And,bytheincantationofthisverse,Scatter,asfromanunextinguishdhearthAshesandsparks,mywordsamongmankind!BethroughmylipstounawakendearthThetrumpetofaprophecy!OhWind,IfWintercomes,canSpringbefarbehind?,把我当作你的竖琴吧，有如树林：尽管我的叶落了，那有什么关系！你巨大的合奏所振起的音乐将染有树林和我的深邃的秋意：虽忧伤而甜蜜。呵，但愿你给予我狂暴的精神！奋勇者呵，让我们合一！请把我枯死的思想向世界吹落，让它像枯叶一样促成新的生命！哦，请听从这一篇符咒似的诗歌，就把我的话语，像是灰烬和火星从还未熄灭的炉火向人间播散！让预言的喇叭通过我的嘴唇把昏睡的大地唤醒吧！西风啊，如果冬天来了,春天还会远吗?,writtenin1819nearFlorence,Italywantedhismessageofreformandrevolutionspread传播改革和革命的思想thewindbecomesthetropeforspreadingthewordofchangethroughthepoet-prophetfigure西风已经成了一种象征，它是一种无处不在的宇宙精神，一种打破旧世界，追求新世界的西风精神。诗人以西风自喻，表达了自己对生活的信念和向旧世界宣战的决心。thepoemexpressesthehopethatitswordswillinspireandinfluencethosewhoreadorhearit启发和影响读者,西风颂雪莱“三大颂”诗歌中的一首，写于1819年。当时，欧洲各国的工人运动和革命运动风起云涌。在意大利和希腊，民族解放运动方兴未艾，雪莱的西风颂发表不久，这两个国家也先后爆发了轰轰烈烈的武装起义。诗人“骄傲、轻捷而不驯的灵魂”的自白，是时代精神的写照。,Estimation,威廉华兹华斯曾